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A. F0F1-ATPase B. Flagella motor C/D.Kinesin/Dynein transport along microtubules E. Muscle contraction F. RNA polymerase


EATP = 80 pN*nm kBT = 4 pN*nm . .

Science 317, 333 (2007)



Escherichia coli (flagella) . .., (103 pN*nm, 250 kT) .. 100 Hz.

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. (single molecule experiments)

F1-ATPase­ . (133-ms ), ( -), F1-ATPase .

, ( ). 1 mm/s, ( 10 mm/s). M.G. L. van den Heuvel and C. DekkerScience 317, 333 (2007)


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Actin molecule

Spontaneous nucleation and elongation
10 10
6

10 10
2

10 1 B P

Myosin-V walking on an actin filament
Pointed

ADP

ATP

ADP

ADP

ADP

ADP

ADP

Barbed

ADP+Pi

ADP +Pi

Science 326, 1208 (2009)





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18 , II . «» . V .

J.E. Molloy and C. Veigel Myosin Motors Walk the Walk, Science 300, 2045 (2003)


A.Yildiz, et al. Myosin V Walks Hand-Over-Hand: Single Fluorophore Imaging with 1.5-nm Localization, Science 300, 2061 (2003)

. «» . , 2 m.

«» V . 1.5 nm .


.

V.Ovchinnikov, B.L. Trout and M.Karplus Mechanical Coupling in Myosin V: A Simulation Study, J. Mol. Biol. (2010) 395, 815­833


F0F1-ATPase

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Central rotor Stator ab2 ab2c10
-15

c10
3

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Junge W., Sielaff H., Engelbrecht S., Nature 459, 364 (2009)


F0F1-ATPase
( )3 6 , 3 . 3 . MgATP : KD ~ 1 nM, 1 M, 30 M. M = 56 pNnm. . , .. F1 . F0 6500 100 mV (107). F0F1 c. : = 4 (. . 4,7, 14 -). Junge W., Sielaff H., Engelbrecht S., Nature 459, 364 (2009)


F0F1-ATPase ­ ,

Junge W., Sielaff H., Engelbrecht S., Nature 459, 364 (2009)

, F0F1-ATPase , . H. J. Choi, C. D. Montemagno, Nano Lett. 5, 2538 (2005).



; ; . , -, , ; , « », . P.W.K. Rothemund, Nature 440, 297 (2006). ( ).


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N. Seeman 4way DNA Holliday junctions "" . 1D->2D ()

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Aldae F.A., Palmer A.L., Sleiman H.F. Assembling materials with DNA as guide, Science 321, 1795 (2008)


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Nadrian C. Seeman, DNA in a material world Nature 421, 427 (2003)

a. . DX (MDX), , (HJ Holliday junctions). (ADX), , 2 , 2 . b. ADX A B*. B* DX . c. ADX . 4x16 nm .., B* 32 nm . d. B* «» «» .


Paul W. K. Rothemund Folding DNA to create nanoscale shapes and patterns Nature 440, 297(2006).

Sanderson K., Nature 464, 158 (2010) 150 . (7000 ). , (200 16 ), «» (staples) . «» , , «», («»). : (fluorescent dye labeled staples); ( II ); ( + «» + ); ;


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3D . a. . b. , . . (M13 ) , , . , «» , . «» .

T. H. LaBean Nature 459,331 (2009)


Douglas S.M. et. al. Self-assembly of DNA into nanoscale three-dimensional shapes. Nature 459, 414 (2009)



Andersen E.S., et al. Self-assembly of a nanoscale DNA box with a controllable lid, Nature 459, 73 (2009)

Cy5 Cy3

42*36*36 nm3, M13 (220+59) «» . .