Values of asteroid masses

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Values of asteroid masses

Masses and densities of minor planets

Yu. Chernetenko, O. Kochetova, and V. Shor

Institute of Applied Astronomy of RAS, St. Petersburg, Russia

last updated 04 July 2006

In the Table below the masses of some asteroids which were determined during the last years are listed. They were found from perturbations which they produced in the motion of some other asteroids — test bodies. The listed values were determined from observations of many test bodies by the weighted least square fit for one perturbing mass and corrections to the orbit elements of all used test bodies. Beforehand, the sought-for mass was estimated from observations of each individual test body taken separately, and all the bodies with the value of standard error of mass determination less than certain quantity were included in subsequent general solution. Also these runs were used for estimation of standard error of observations of each asteroid — test body.
Table contains following columns: the asteroid number and name, its mass, the number of test bodies used in general solution, and the total number of observations used in it. The last three columns contain: the diameter used for calculation of the volume density, the resulted value for density and the taxonomic class of asteroid for comparison.
For the mass of 15 Eunomia we give two values:

based on the observations of asteroid 50278 in accordance with paper (in print): A.Vitagliano and R.M.Stoss “New mass determination of (15) Eunomia based on a very close encounter with (50278) 2000 CZ12”;
based on the observations of 98 asteroids (including 50278) with the values of standard error of mass determination less than 3.0 10^-11 M_Sun.

For three binary asteroids in our list (22 Kalliope, 45 Eugenia and 121 Hermione) the masses and densities based on analyses of motion of their satellites are given in footnotes (see http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/asteroidmoons, updated 1 September 2005). As the masses at this site are given in kg, they were transformed in the fraction of the Sun mass.

Perturbing asteroid Mass
(10^-11 M_Sun) Number of
perturbed
asteroids Number of
observations IRAS
diameter
(km) Density
(g/cm³⁾ Taxonomic
class

3 Juno 0.91 ± 0.20 87 50771 233.92 2.7 S
4 Vesta 12.84 ±0.09 137 60909 468.30 4.8 V
6 Hebe 0.69 ± 0.09 36 11063 185.18 4.2 S
7 Iris 1.20 ± 0.09 394 174050 199.83 5.7 S
9 Metis 0.254 ± 0.057 152 52881 170* 2.0 S
10 Hygiea 4.06 ± 0.19 373 159591 407.12 2.3 C
11 Parthenope 0.287 ± 0.008 46 18083 153.33 3.0 S
15 Eunomia^a) 1.62 ± 0.07 1 (50278) 110 255.34 3.7 S
15 Eunomia^b) 1.58 ± 0.05 98 73770 255.34 3.6 S
16 Psyche 0.68 ± 0.14 215 106175 253.16 1.6 M
17 Thetis 0.033 ± 0.004 28 25386 90.04 1.7 S
19 Fortuna 0.47 ± 0.04 50 37070 200* 2.2 G
22 Kalliope 0.85 ± 0.28¹⁾ 32 10887 181.00 5.5 M
24 Themis 0.35 ± 0.08 77 38303 198* 1.7 C
29 Amphitrite 0.77 ± 0.13 15 4596 212.22 3.1 S
31 Euphrosyne 0.85 ± 0.32 18 13729 255.90 1.9 C
45 Eugenia 0.30 ± 0.11²⁾ 97 39682 214.63 1.2 FC
48 Doris 0.61 ± 0.30 42 7733 221.81 2.1 CG
52 Europa 1.27 ± 0.25 26 8445 302.51 1.8 CF
54 Alexandra 0.26 ± 0.07 13 7221 165.75 2.2 C
65 Cybele 0.58 ± 0.15 25 8689 237.26 1.6 P
88 Thisbe 0.59 ± 0.12 64 25124 200.57 2.8 CF
92 Undina 0.26 ± 0.16 6 5028 126.42 4.9 M
121 Hermione 0.45 ± 0.05^3,4) 12 4389 208.99 1.9 C
324 Bamberga 0.53 ± 0.23 108 76013 229.43 1.7 CP
444 Gyptis 0.45 ± 0.10 89 50098 159.57 4.2 C
451 Patientia 0.59 ± 0.29 26 9862 224.96 2.0 CU
511 Davida 2.29 ± 0.20 102 52213 326.07 2.5 C
532 Herculina 1.15 ± 0.22 188 100740 222.19 4.0 S
704 Interamnia 1.27 ± 0.30 32 18155 316.62 1.5 F
* - diameters from DE405, E.M.Standish, 1998

1) Mass₂₂: 0.368 x 10^-11 M_Sun;
    Density: 2.03 ± 0.16 g/cm³ Margot, J.L. & Brown, M.E. 2003, A Low-Density M-type Asteroid in the Main Belt, Science, 300:1939–1942.

2) Mass₄₅: 0.29 x 10^-11 M_Sun;
    Density: 1.12 ± 0.3 g/cm³ Marchis, F., J. Berthier, P. Descamps, D. Hestroffer, F. Vachier, C. Clergeon, and I. de Pater, 2005, "45 Eugenia and Petit-Prince", Univ. of California-Berkeley Astronomy Dept.

3) Mass₁₂₁: 0.74 x 10^-11 M_Sun;
    Density: 3.1 ± 0.8 g/cm³ Marchis, F., Descamps, P., Berthier, J., Hestroffer, D., de Pater, I., Conrad, A., Le Mignard, D., Chaffee, F., & Gavel, D. 2003, Searching and Studying Binary Asteroids with AO Systems, AAS/Division for Planetary Sciences Meeting #35, #24.03.

4) Mass₁₂₁: 0.27 x 10^-11 M_Sun;
    Density: 1.1 ± 0.3 g/cm³ Marchis, F., J. Berthier, P. Descamps, D. Hestroffer, F. Vachier, C. Clergeon, and I. de Pater, 2005, "121 Hermione and S/2002(121)", Univ. of California-Berkeley Astronomy Dept.

More details can be found in the papers:

Kochetova O., Chernetenko Yu. Determination of mass of Jupiter and that of some minor planets from observations of minor planets moving in 2:1 commensurability with Jupiter. Dynamics of Natural and Artificial Celestial Bodies Eds. Pretka-Ziomek H., Wnuk E., Seidelmann P.K., Richardson P. Dordrecht; Kluwer Acad. Publ. 2001, 333–334.
Chernetenko Yu., Kochetova O. Masses of some large minor planets. In: Asteroids, Comets, Meteors. 2002, Berlin, 437–440.
Kochetova O. Determination of large asteroid masses by the dynamical method. Solar System Research, 38, No 1, 2004, 66–75.

To contact with authors:

Yu.A. Chernetenko – cya@ipa.nw.ru

O.M. Kochetova – kom@ipa.nw.ru

V.A. Shor – shor@ipa.nw.ru

2005. Designed by N.Zheleznov

Perturbing asteroid	Mass (10^-11 M_Sun)	Number of perturbed asteroids	Number of observations	IRAS diameter (km)	Density (g/cm³⁾	Taxonomic class
3 Juno	0.91 ± 0.20	87	50771	233.92	2.7	S
4 Vesta	12.84 ±0.09	137	60909	468.30	4.8	V
6 Hebe	0.69 ± 0.09	36	11063	185.18	4.2	S
7 Iris	1.20 ± 0.09	394	174050	199.83	5.7	S
9 Metis	0.254 ± 0.057	152	52881	170*	2.0	S
10 Hygiea	4.06 ± 0.19	373	159591	407.12	2.3	C
11 Parthenope	0.287 ± 0.008	46	18083	153.33	3.0	S
15 Eunomia^a)	1.62 ± 0.07	1 (50278)	110	255.34	3.7	S
15 Eunomia^b)	1.58 ± 0.05	98	73770	255.34	3.6	S
16 Psyche	0.68 ± 0.14	215	106175	253.16	1.6	M
17 Thetis	0.033 ± 0.004	28	25386	90.04	1.7	S
19 Fortuna	0.47 ± 0.04	50	37070	200*	2.2	G
22 Kalliope	0.85 ± 0.28¹⁾	32	10887	181.00	5.5	M
24 Themis	0.35 ± 0.08	77	38303	198*	1.7	C
29 Amphitrite	0.77 ± 0.13	15	4596	212.22	3.1	S
31 Euphrosyne	0.85 ± 0.32	18	13729	255.90	1.9	C
45 Eugenia	0.30 ± 0.11²⁾	97	39682	214.63	1.2	FC
48 Doris	0.61 ± 0.30	42	7733	221.81	2.1	CG
52 Europa	1.27 ± 0.25	26	8445	302.51	1.8	CF
54 Alexandra	0.26 ± 0.07	13	7221	165.75	2.2	C
65 Cybele	0.58 ± 0.15	25	8689	237.26	1.6	P
88 Thisbe	0.59 ± 0.12	64	25124	200.57	2.8	CF
92 Undina	0.26 ± 0.16	6	5028	126.42	4.9	M
121 Hermione	0.45 ± 0.05^3,4)	12	4389	208.99	1.9	C
324 Bamberga	0.53 ± 0.23	108	76013	229.43	1.7	CP
444 Gyptis	0.45 ± 0.10	89	50098	159.57	4.2	C
451 Patientia	0.59 ± 0.29	26	9862	224.96	2.0	CU
511 Davida	2.29 ± 0.20	102	52213	326.07	2.5	C
532 Herculina	1.15 ± 0.22	188	100740	222.19	4.0	S
704 Interamnia	1.27 ± 0.30	32	18155	316.62	1.5	F

1) Mass₂₂: 0.368 x 10^-11 M_Sun; Density: 2.03 ± 0.16 g/cm³	Margot, J.L. & Brown, M.E. 2003, A Low-Density M-type Asteroid in the Main Belt, Science, 300:1939–1942.
2) Mass₄₅: 0.29 x 10^-11 M_Sun; Density: 1.12 ± 0.3 g/cm³	Marchis, F., J. Berthier, P. Descamps, D. Hestroffer, F. Vachier, C. Clergeon, and I. de Pater, 2005, "45 Eugenia and Petit-Prince", Univ. of California-Berkeley Astronomy Dept.
3) Mass₁₂₁: 0.74 x 10^-11 M_Sun; Density: 3.1 ± 0.8 g/cm³	Marchis, F., Descamps, P., Berthier, J., Hestroffer, D., de Pater, I., Conrad, A., Le Mignard, D., Chaffee, F., & Gavel, D. 2003, Searching and Studying Binary Asteroids with AO Systems, AAS/Division for Planetary Sciences Meeting #35, #24.03.
4) Mass₁₂₁: 0.27 x 10^-11 M_Sun; Density: 1.1 ± 0.3 g/cm³	Marchis, F., J. Berthier, P. Descamps, D. Hestroffer, F. Vachier, C. Clergeon, and I. de Pater, 2005, "121 Hermione and S/2002(121)", Univ. of California-Berkeley Astronomy Dept.

Yu.A. Chernetenko	– cya@ipa.nw.ru
O.M. Kochetova	– kom@ipa.nw.ru
V.A. Shor	– shor@ipa.nw.ru