Документ взят из кэша поисковой машины. Адрес оригинального документа : http://www.stsci.edu/hst/campaigns/frontier-fields/images/frontier_fields_pullup_display_rome_v6.pdf Дата изменения: Mon Mar 17 19:31:01 2014 Дата индексирования: Fri Apr 1 13:09:22 2016 Кодировка: Поисковые слова: universe

F ro ntier
A Sneak Peek at the First Billion Years of the Universe
This ambitious, community-developed program will expand our understanding of galaxy formation and evolution in the early universe. Hubble, Spitzer, and Chandra will build upon earlier deep-field initiatives with 12 new deep fields, consisting of six galaxy cluster fields and six neighboring parallel fields.

Building on Hubble's Legacy
HDF | 1996 | WFPC2 HUDF | 2004 | ACS HUDF-IR | 2010 | WFC3

BACKGROUND GALAXY GALAXY CLUSTER

L Six parallel fields will strengthen the statistics of early galaxy properties pioneered by previous deep fields. HUBBLE y Six galaxy cluster fields will extend the reach of Hubble, via gravitational lensing, to magnify background galaxies and provide us with views of the most intrinsically faint galaxies ever observed.

Getting Deeper Views
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Lensed and Parallel Fields
R For each of the targeted galaxy cluster fields, Hubble will simultaneously image a parallel field. In this image, the Frontier Fields images of Abell 2744 (left) and the adjacent parallel field (right) are shown overlaid on an ESO/VLT HAWK-I K-band image. The blue and red boxes are the footprints of ACS and WFC3, respectively.

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R Credit: NASA, ESA, J. Lotz, M. Mountain, A. Koekemoer, G. Brammer, et al., and the HFF Team (STScI) U MACS J0647+7015 Credit: NASA, ESA, M. Postman and D. Coe (STScI), and the CLASH Team

U Hubble has demonstrated the effectiveness of galaxy cluster lensing at uncovering extremely distant objects, such as this lensed, redshift 11 galaxy candidate that appears at three different places.

New Deep Views of the Universe
D Hubble will provide high-resolution views of the Frontier Fields in both visible light (ACS, blue outlines below) and infrared light (WFC3, red outlines below). The total exposure time per pointing is 103 hours, which will reach a depth of 28.7 magnitude in seven filters. Frontier Fields data and high-level science products will be provided to the astronomy community on a continuing basis. Credit: Digitized Sky Survey (STScI/NASA) and Z. Levay (STScI) D

CLUSTER PARALLEL PARALLEL PARALLEL CLUSTER PARALLEL CLUSTER

CLUSTER

PARALLEL

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CLUSTER PARALLEL

Abell 2744, z = 0.308

MACS J0416.1-2403, z = 0.396

MACS J0717.5+3745, z = 0.545

MACS J1149.5+2223, z = 0.543

Abell S1063, z = 0.348

Abell 370, z = 0.375

D Models of the mass distributions of the clusters provide magnification maps that help in the analysis of the lensed background galaxies. Abell 2744 RED = Magnification map (z = 9) BLUE = Mass map BACKGROUND = HST imaging Credit: J. Richard (CRAL Lyon), CATS team, and D. Coe (STScI)

HST Frontier Fields PIs: J. Lotz & M. Mountain (STScI)