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Arthropoda Selecta 20(1): 2156

ї ARTHROPODA SELECTA, 2011

Spiders (Arachnida: Aranei) of Abkhazia Пауки (Arachnida: Aranei) Абхазии Mykola M. Kovblyuk1, Yuri M. Marusik2, Aleksandr V. Ponomarev 3, Valery A. Gnelitsa4, Anton A. Nadolny1 Н.М. Ковблюк1, Ю.М. Марусик2, А.В. Пономарев3, В.А. Гнелица4, А.А. Надольный1
Zoology Department, National Taurida V.I. Vernadsky University, Yaltinskaya street 4, Simferopol 95007, Ukraine. E-mail: kovblyuk@mail.ru; nadolnyanton@mail.ru 2 Institute for Biological Problems of the North, RAS, Portovaya Str. 18, Magadan 685000, Russia. E-mail: yurmar@mail.ru 3 Institute of Arid Zones, South Scientific Centre RAS, Chekhov str., 41, Rostov-on-Don 344006 Russia. E-mail: ponomarev1952@mail.ru 4 Biological Faculty, National Taras Shevchenko University of Kiev, Volodymyrska street 64, Kiev 01033, Ukraine. E-mail: gnelitsa@mail.ru 1 Кафедра зоологии Таврического национального университета им. В.И.Вернадского, ул. Ялтинская 4, Симферополь 95007, Украина. 2 Институт Биологических Проблем Севера ДВО РАН, ул. Портовая 18, Магадан 685000, Россия. 3 Институт аридных зон ЮНЦ РАН, пр. Чехова, 41, Ростов-на-Дону 344006 Россия. 4 Биологический факультет Киевского национального университета им. Т.Г. Шевченко, ул. Владимирская 64, Киев 01033, Украина.
1

KEY WORDS: spiders, Aranei, annotated check-list, West Caucasus, Abkhazia. КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ СЛОВА: пауки, аннотированный список, Западный Кавказ, Абхазия. Charitonov, 1947; Carpathonesticus caucasicus (Charitonov, 1947) and C. zaitzevi (Charitonov, 1939)). Further contributions were made by Buchar [1966], Mcheidze & Utotchkin [1971], Tanasevitch [1986, 1990] and Dunin [1992a,b]. They described seven species from Abkhazia (Pirata hurkai Buchar, 1966; Xysticus kochi abchasicus Mcheidze et Utotchkin, 1971; Hygrocrates caucasicus Dunin, 1992; Diplocephalus caucasicus Tanasevitch, 1987; Oedothorax meridionalis Tanasevitch, 1987; Stemonyphantes agnatus Tanasevitch, 1990 and Troglohyphantes deelemanae Tanasevitch, 1986). Further contribution was made by Mcheidze [1997] who surveyed fauna of Georgia (including Abkhazia). Recently, during the last decade, Abkhazia and its spider fauna became a subject of intensive studies and seven papers dealing with different groups of spiders have been published [Marusik et al., 2004; Marusik & Kovblyuk, 2004; Kovblyuk & Ponomarev, 2008; Kovblyuk & Nadolny, 2009; Marusik & Gnelitsa, 2009; Marusik & Kovblyuk, 2010; Kovblyuk et al., 2010]. This became possible thanks to several expeditions held by Russian and Ukrainian arachnologists in 2003, 2004, 2008 and 2009. All these data were summarized in the database of Caucasian spiders [Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. So, until recently 153 species of spiders were known in Abkhasia. Most of the material collected by two first authors in Abkhazia was identified, but a list of these identifications was never published. It is the main aim of this paper to summarize all literature and collection data

ABSTRACT: A list of 283 species belonging to 42 families found in Abkhazia is presented. Eleven families (Atypidae, Coelotidae, Dictynidae, Filistatidae, Hahniidae, Leptonetidae, Liocranidae, Mysmenidae, Philodromidae, Theridiosomatidae, Zoridae) and 130 species have been found in Abkhazia for the first time. Seven species are illustrated. РЕЗЮМЕ: Приведен список пауков, выявленных в Абхазии (по литературным и собственным данным): 283 вида из 42 семейств. Из них 11 семейств (Atypidae, Coelotidae, Dictynidae, Filistatidae, Hahniidae, Leptonetidae, Liocranidae, Mysmenidae, Philodromidae, Theridiosomatidae, Zoridae) и 130 видов указываются для Абхазии впервые. Семь видов иллюстрированы.

Introduction
Abkhazia is the small region on the southwestern edge of the Caucasus Major, at the northeastern shore of the Black Sea and south of Russia. Spiders of this area were never studied purposely and therefore the fauna of Abkhazia remains rather poorly known . First spiders from this region were reported by Schmidt [1895], Simon [1899], Verzhbitsky [1902] and Charitonov [1939, 1941, 1947]. In last papers Charitonov described four new species from the caves (Tegenaria abchasica Charitonov, 1941; Cybaeus abchasicus


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M.M. Kovblyuk, Y.M. Marusik, A.V. Ponomarev, V.A. Gnelitsa, A.A. Nadolny 17. Sukhum, left bank of Kelasur River (42њ58N 41њ04E), litter along river bank, 11.10.2004, Yu.M. Marusik; 18. Sukhum, Botanical Garden, 13.10.2004, Yu.M. Marusik; 19. Gudauta Distr., road to Ritsa Lake (43њ28N, 40њ30E), shaking moss epiphytes and in moss, 14.10. 2004, Yu.M. Marusik; 20. Gudauta Distr., road to Ritsa Lake (43њ15N 40њ20E), gravels on Bzyb River bank, 14.10.2004, Yu.M. Marusik; 21. Gudauta Distr., road to Ritsa Lake (43њ28N 40њ30E), shaking moss epiphytes and in moss, 14.10. 2004, Yu.M.Marusik; 22. Gagra Distr., env. of Pitsunda, Ldzaa Vil., Myusser highland (43њ10.756N 40њ21.244E), Pinus pityusa litter and branch shaking on steep slope, 15.10.2004, A. Shavlokhov; 23. Gagra Distr., env. of Pitsunda, Ldzaa Vil., Myusser highland, Ldzaa cave (43њ10.8N 40њ21E), 15.10. 2004, Yu.M. Marusik & A. Shavlokhov; 24. Gagra Distr., env. of Pitsunda, Ldzaa Vil., Myusser highland (43њ10.756N 40њ21.244E), Pinus pityusa litter on steep slope, 15.10.2004, Yu.M. Marusik; 25. Gagra Distr., env. of Pitsunda, Ldzaa Vil., Myusser highland (43њ10.756N 40њ21.244E), 15-16.10. 2004, Yu.M. Marusik; 26. Gagra Distr., env. of Pitsunda, Ldzaa Vil., Myusser highland (43њ10.255N 40њ22.370E), full grown Pinus pityusa along seashore, litter and shaking, 16.10. 2004, A. Shavlokhov; 27. Gagra Distr., env. of Pitsunda, Ldzaa Vil., Myusser highland (43њ10.255N 40њ22.370E), full grown Pinus pityusa along seashore, litter, 16.10.2004, Yu.M. Marusik; 28. Gagra Distr., env. of Pitsunda, Ldzaa Vil., Myusser highland (43њ10.255N 40њ22.370E), young 2 3 m Pinus pityusa along seashore, litter, 16.10.2004, Yu.M. Marusik; 29. Gagra Distr., Bzyb Vil., 1315.06.2005, P.P. Ivliev; 30. Gudauta, 7.10.2005, E.A. Khachikov; 31. Sukhhum Distr., West Gumista River, middle course of Doukuara River (43њ16N, 40њ53E, 565 m), 22.06.2007, N.N. Yunakov; 32. Gagra Distr., middle course of Ghegha River (43њ25N, 40њ26E, 500 m), 12.07.2007, N.N. Yunakov; 33. Gudauta Distr., 25 km N Gudauta, 15 km N from Achandara Vil., Gunarkhva, 710.10.2007, P.P. Ivliev; 34. Gudauta Distr., Malaya Ritsa Lake, 6.06.2008, P.P. Ivliev; 35. Gagra Distr., Ritsa Lake, 7.06.2008, P.P. Ivliev; 36. Gudauta Distr., environs of Pitsunda, mouth of Ryapsh River, Myusser Distr. of Pitsundo-Myusser Reserve (43њ09N, 40њ25E, 27 m), kolhida wood (Arbutus, Alnus, Ficus, Carpinus, Quercus, Acer, Rhododendron, Erica arborea, Rubus, Smilax excelsa, Castanea sativa, Laurocerasus officinalis, Cornus mas, Pinus pityusa, Crataegus, Tilia, Ruscus), 17.07.2008, M.M. Kovblyuk;

concerning spiders of Abkhazia and to present the first checklist of spiders from the region.

Material and Methods
Most of new material presented here was collected by two first authors, and also by our colleagues Yu.G. Arzanov, P.P. Ivliev, E.A. Khachikov and N.N. Yunakov in the period 20012010. Besides the identified species, we also list several unidentified ones, in case they belong to interesting supraspecific taxa. Numbers of identified and unidentified species are presented in table 1. Several species represented in our collection by juvenile specimens were not included in the list, although they can be identified with high certainty because of a characteristic body shape or pattern. Numbers of samples are provided in the text in square brackets in bold. Detailed data for all 63 localities visited and surveyed are indicated on Map 1 as follows (in chronological order): 01. Gudauta Distr., Bzyb Mt. Range, Achybakh Mt., 30.06.2001, Yu.G. Arzanov; 02. Gudauta Distr., confluence of Bzyb and Gega Rivers, 6.07.2001, Yu.G. Arzanov; 03. Gagra, 12.07.2001, Yu.G. Arzanov; 04. Gudauta Distr., Khabyu Vil., 47.06.2003, P.P. Ivliev; 05. Gudauta Distr., Khabyu Vil., 2224.06.2003, P.P. Ivliev; 06. Sukhum, University Campus (42њ58.4N 41њ 04.04 E, ca 50 m), litter, Eucalyptus, tree shaking, 7.12.2003, Yu.M. Marusik; 07. Sukhum, Botanical Garden (43њ00.329N 41њ01.400E), litter and tree shaking, 9.12.2003, Yu.M. Marusik & G.N.Antipova; 08. Sukhum, Kelasur (42њ58.4N 41њ04.04E), mainly under Eucalyptus bark, 910.12.2003, Yu.M. Marusik; 09. Gudauta Distr., 25 km N Gudauta, 15 km N from Achandara Vil., Gunarkhva, 1214.08.2004, P.P. Ivliev; 10. Sukhum (42њ58.4N 41њ04.04E), 910.10.2004, Yu.M. Marusik; 11. Sukhum (42њ58.4N 41њ04.04E), sandy seashore, on grass, 910.10.2004, Yu.M. Marusik; 12. Sukhum (42њ58.4N 41њ04.04E), litter of coniferous trees along the seashore, 10.10.2004, Yu.M. Marusik; 13. Sukhum, shaking trees, 10.10.2004, Yu.M. Marusik; 14. Sukhum, left bank of Kelasur River (42њ58N 41њ04E), clay shadowed cliffs, 11.10.2004, Yu.M. Marusik; 15. Sukhum, left bank of Kelasur River (42њ58N 41њ04E), cellar of uninhabited house, 11.10.2004, Yu.M. Marusik; 16. Sukhum, left bank of Kelasur River, tree shaking in university campus, 11.10.2004, Yu.M. Marusik;


Spiders of Abkhazia

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Map 1. Collecting sites in Abkhazia. Карта 1. Места сбора материала в Абхазии.

37. Gudauta Distr., environs of Pitsunda, Myusser Distr. of Pitsundo-Myusser Reserve (43њ09N, 40њ 25E), cave, 6.07.2008, N.N. Yunakov; 38. Sukhum, 8.07.2008, M.M. Kovblyuk; 39. Sukhum Distr., Gumysta Reserve, East Gumysta River, kordon Tsymur (43њ10N, 41њ02E, 420 m, wood with Fagus, Acer and Castanea sativa, 816.07. 2008, M.M. Kovblyuk; 40. Sukhum Distr., Gumista Reserve, West slope of Dzykhva Mt. (43њ12N, 41њ05E, ~650 m), forest and grassland, 1719.07.2008, M.M. Kovblyuk; 41. Sukhum Distr., Buru Range, Dzykhva Mt., KotKot River (43њ13N, 41њ07E, ~2300 m), alpine zone, 1926.07.2008, M.M. Kovblyuk;

42. Sukhum Distr., Buru Range, Dzykhva Mt., KotKot River (43њ13N, 41њ07E, ~2500 m), alpine zone, near of snow, 24.07.2008, A.A. Khaustov; 43. Sukhum Distr., Buru Range, Dzykhva Mt., (43њ13N, 41њ07E, ~2200 m), wood (Fagus, Abies, Acer), 25.07.2008, M.M. Kovblyuk; 44. Sukhum Distr., Buru Range, Dzykhva Mt., West slope, wood, 26.07.2008, M.M. Kovblyuk; 45. Sukhum Distr., Gumysta Reserve, East Gumysta River, kordon Tsymur (43њ10N, 41њ02E, 420 m, wood with Fagus, Acer and Castanea sativa, 2629.07. 2008, M.M. Kovblyuk; 46. Sukhum Distr., Zemo-Birtskha Vil., 30.07.2008, M.M. Kovblyuk;


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M.M. Kovblyuk, Y.M. Marusik, A.V. Ponomarev, V.A. Gnelitsa, A.A. Nadolny Distribution range names were given mainly after the system proposed by K.B. Gorodkov [1984] and used in recent works [cf. Marusik et al., 2000]. The term Ancient Mediterranean sensu Kryzhanovsky [2002] refers to the region stretching from Macaronesia, across whole Mediterranean, Middle Asia to Gobi Desert and Tibet (ca to 97њE). This region coincides with limits of the ancient Tethys Sea. All scale bars are equal to 0.1 mm.

47. Gulripsh Distr., Kelasur River, Bagramany, Sharvashidaevsky Forest (42њ58N, 41њ04E, 146 m), 31.07. 2008, M.M. Kovblyuk & N.N. Yunakov; 48. Sukhum, 3031.07.2008, M.M. Kovblyuk; 49. Gagra Distr., Bzyb Vil., forest, 4.11.2008, P.P. Ivliev; 50. Gudauta Distr., Achandara Vil., 5.11.2008, P.P. Ivliev; 51. Gudauta, 6.11.2008, P.P. Ivliev; 52. Gudauta Distr., Achandara Vil., 14.05.2009, P.P. Ivliev; 53. Gagra Distr., Bzyb Vil., 410.05.2009, P.P. Ivliev; 54. Gagra Distr., Gagra Range, Mamdzyshkha Mt. (1866 m), from border of forest (43њ18N, 40њ19E, 1705 m) to peak, wood (Abies, Fagus, Acer) and alpine meadows, 715.07.2009, M.M. Kovblyuk; 55. Gudauta Distr., environs of Pitsunda, Myusser Distr. of Pitsundo-Myusser Reserve, left bank of Ryapsh River (43њ10N, 40њ25E, 23 m), kolkhida wood, sea and river coast, humid gorges, 1524.07.2009, M.M. Kovblyuk & N.N. Yunakov; 56. Ochamchyra Distr., left bank of Kodor River, foothills of Kodor Mt. Range, environs of Atara-Armyanskaya Vill. and Naa Vill. (42њ5357N, 41њ17 19E, 141253 m), wood with Alnus, Quercus, Fagus, Castanea sativa, Carpinus, Aesculus, Corylus, Tilia and Rhododendron, glades, 24.0704.08.2009, M.M. Kovblyuk & N.N. Yunakov; 57. Gagra Distr., Gagra Mt. Range, forest (43њ15N, 40њ22E, 825 m), 15.07.2009, N.N. Yunakov; 58. Gagra, forest, 15.07.2009, M.M. Kovblyuk; 59. Gudauta Distr., Achandara Vil., 12.07.2010, P.P. Ivliev; 60. Gudauta Distr., Khabyu Vil., 1.07.2010, P.P. Ivliev; 61. Gudauta Distr., 25 km N Gudauta, 15 km N from Achandara Vil., Gunarkhva, 35.07.2010, P.P. Ivliev; 62. Gagra Distr., Bzyb, 9.07.2010, P.P. Ivliev; 63. Gudauta, 10.07.2010, P.P. Ivliev. All specimens were deposited in the following collections: CP private collection of A.V. Ponomarev, Rostov-on-Don, Russia; TNU Zoology Department, V.I. Vernadsky Taurida National University, Simferopol, Ukraine, M.M. Kovblyuk; VAG private collection of V.A. Gnelitsa, Sumy, Ukraine; YMC temporary collection of Yu.M. Marusik, Zoological Museum, University of Turku, Finland; ZMMU Zoological Museum of the Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, K.G. Mikhailov. Doubtful and not confirmed records are marked by ?, and misidentifications by ??. Species described from Abkhazia are marked by asterisk (*).

Survey of species
AGELENIDAE (3 genera and 7 species) Agelena labyrinthica (Clerck, 1757)
MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2644/15) [45]; 3 (TNU-2645/1) [46]; 1 , 1 (TNU-2653/26) [56]; 1 (CP) [60].

RECORDS. Sukhum [Spassky, 1937].

DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range: from Portugal and Spain east to Maritime Province of Russia, Korea and Japan; and from Scandinavia south to Sardinia, Sicily, Crete and China [Mikhailov, 1997; Marusik et al., 2000; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Tegenaria abchasica Charitonov, 1941* RECORDS. Sukhum Distr.: Kelasur [Charitonov, 1941, 1947; Dzhanashvilli, 1965; Mcheidze, 1964, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Caucasus: Krasnodar Area of Russia, Abkhazia, Georgia [Kovblyuk & Ponomarev, 2008]. Tegenaria chumachenkoi Kovblyuk & Ponomarev, 2008 DISTRIBUTION. Caucasus: Krasnodar and Stavropol Areas of Russia [Kovblyuk & Ponomarev, 2008]; recorded from Abkhazia for the first time. Tegenaria longimana Simon, 1898 DISTRIBUTION. Caucasian coast of Black Sea: Krasnodar Area of Russia, Abkhazia (first record), Georgia, northeastern Turkey [Kovblyuk & Ponomarev, 2008]. Tegenaria parietina (Fourcroy, 1785) RECORDS. Akhali Atoni, Sukhum [Mcheidze, 1964, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Mediterranean and Caucasus, and Uruguay and Argentina (probably introduced), North Africa, Europe, Caucasus: from Portugal east to Azerbaijan; and from Britain and Danish mainland south to North Africa [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010].
MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2636/43) [36]; 1 (CP) [53]. MATERIAL. 3 (TNU-2652/4) [54]; 3 (CP) [53]. MATERIAL. 1 (YMC) [17]; 2 (TNU-2636/44) [36]; 2 (TNU-2641/13) [41]; 1 (CP), [52].


Spiders of Abkhazia Tegenaria taurica Charitonov, 1947 RECORDS. Akhali Atoni [Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Crimea, Abkhazia and Georgia [Mcheidze, 1997; Esyunin & Farzalieva, 2002; Kovblyuk, 2004a; personal data]. Tegenaria spp.
MATERIAL. 5 (TNU-2636/45) [36]; 1 (TNU-2638/9) [38]; 4 (TNU-2639/7) [39]; 3 (TNU-2640/9) [40]; 1 (TNU-2642/3) [43]; 2 (TNU-2652/5) [54]; 5 (TNU-2651/9) [55]; 1 (TNU-2651/33) [55]; 5 (TNU-2653/27) [56].

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Agalenatea redii (Scopoli, 1763) RECORDS. Sukhum [Mcheidze, 1997 sub Araneus; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. West-Central Palaearctic nemoral range: from Europe to Xinjiang [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Araneus angulatus Clerck, 1757
MATERIAL. 1 , 2 (CP-27.10.8/7) [03]; 1 (TNU-2636/ 10) [36].

NOTE. Several Tegenaria females of unclear taxonomic position were collected in expeditions of 20082009. Their identifications are problematic without males. Textrix denticulata (Olivier, 1789)

DISTRIBUTION. West-Palaearctic polyzonal range (absent in Siberia) [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Araneus diadematus Clerck, 1757 RECORDS. Akhali Atoni, Gagra, Gudauta, Sukhum [Spassky, 1937; Mcheidze, 1964, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Circum-Holarctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Araneus marmoreus Clerck, 1757 DISTRIBUTION. Circum-Holarctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Araneus quadratus Clerck, 1757 DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Araniella cucurbitina (Clerck, 1757) DISTRIBUTION. West-Central Palaearctic nemoral range (from Europe to Central Asia) [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Argiope bruennichi (Scopoli, 1772) RECORDS. Akhali Atoni, Sukhum [Spassky, 1937; Mcheidze, 1964, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Atea sturmi (Hahn, 1831) DISTRIBUTION. West-Central Palaearctic nemoral range, from Europe to Yenisei [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010].
MATERIAL. 3 (TNU-2652/21), 1 (YMC) [54]. MATERIAL. 2 (TNU-2651/51) [55]. MATERIAL. 2 (TNU-2652/20) [54]. MATERIAL. 5 (TNU-2641/3) [41]. MATERIAL. 1 (YMC) [22].

DISTRIBUTION. European-Caucasian nemoral range: from Portugal east to Urals, and from Norwegian mainland south to Sardinia [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Species is recorded from Caucasus for the first time. AMAUROBIIDAE (1 genus and 1 species) Amaurobius antipovae Marusik & Kovblyuk, 2004* RECORDS. Sukhum, Kelasur [Marusik & Kovblyuk, 2004; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Caucasus: Adygeya and Krasnodar Area (Russia) and Abkhazia [Marusik & Kovblyuk, 2005; Ponomarev & Chumachenko, 2007; Ponomarev, 2009]. ANYPHAENIDAE (1 genus and 1 species) Anyphaena accentuata (Walckenaer, 1802) RECORDS. Sukhum [Spassky, 1937; Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. West Palaearctic nemoral range, eastern limit is Kopetdagh Mt. range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. ARANEIDAE (16 genera and 22 species) Aculepeira ceropegia (Walckenaer, 1802)
MATERIAL. 2 (TNU-2641/5) [41]; 2 , 8 (TNU2652/19) [54]. MATERIAL. 1 (YMC) [13]; 2 , 1 (CP) [53]. MATERIAL. 1 (CP) [49]; 1 (CP) [53].

MATERIAL. 2 (TNU-2636/42) [36]; 4 , 2 (TNU2651/8) [55].

MATERIAL. 1 (YMC) [19]; 1 (YMC) [26]; 1 (ZMMU) [33]; 1 (TNU-2641/6) [41]; 1 (CP-27.10.2/18) [49].

DISTRIBUTION. West Palaearctic boreo-nemoral range: Europe east to Caucasus; from Norwegian mainland to Sardinia and Sicily [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010].


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M.M. Kovblyuk, Y.M. Marusik, A.V. Ponomarev, V.A. Gnelitsa, A.A. Nadolny Cercidia prominens (Westring, 1851)
MATERIAL. 2 (CP-27.16.1/11) [02]; 1 , 11 (TNU2636/3) [36]; 2 (TNU-2638/1) [38]; 6 (TNU-2639/4) [39]; 20 (TNU-2651/49) [55]; 18 (TNU-2653/2) [56]; 1 (TNU2655/2) [58].

DISTRIBUTION. Circum-Holarctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Cyclosa oculata (Walckenaer, 1802) RECORDS. Sukhum [Spassky, 1937; Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. West-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Cyrtarachne ixoides (Simon, 1870) RECORDS. Gagra, Sukhum [Spassky, 1937 sub C. ixodoides; Mcheidze, 1964, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. M editerranean to Georgia, Madagascar [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Hypsosinga albovittata (Westring, 1851) RECORDS. Gagra [Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic polyzonal range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Hypsosinga pygmaea (Sundevall, 1831) RECORDS. Sukhum [Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Circum-Holarctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Hypsosinga sanguinea (C.L. Koch, 1844) RECORDS. Sukhum [Spassky, 1937; Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Larinioides ixobolus (Thorell, 1873) DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral range: known from Germany east to South Siberia, and from Finland south to Bulgaria and Middle Asian Mts. [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Mangora acalypha (Walckenaer, 1802) RECORDS. Kelasur, Sukhum [Spassky, 1937; Mcheidze, 1964, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].
MATERIAL. 2 (TNU-2636/9) [36]. MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2636/4) [36]. MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2636/5) [36]; 1 (TNU-2651/48) [55].

MATERIAL. 1 (YMC) [27]; 2 (TNU-2653/4) [56].

DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral range: from Portugal east to Yenisei River [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Neoscona adianta (Walckenaer, 1802)

RECORDS. Sukhum [Spassky, 1937 and Mcheidze, 1997 sub Araneus; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Neoscona subfusca (C.L. Koch, 1873) RECORDS. Sukhum [Spassky, 1937 and Mcheidze, 1997 sub Araneus dalmaticus Cl.; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Ancient Mediterranean range: from Iberian Peninsula to w estern Turkmenistan [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Nuctenea umbratica (Clerck, 1757)
MATERIAL. 4 , 26 (TNU-2636/8) [36]; 1 (CP) [52]; 5 (CP) [53]; 5 (TNU-2651/47) [55]; 1 (CP) [59]; 1 , 1 (CP) [62]; 1 (CP) [63]. MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2636/7) [36]; 2 (TNU-2638/2) [38].

DISTRIBUTION. West-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Singa nitidula (C.L. Koch, 1844)

RECORDS. Gagra; Gudauta; Sukhum [Spassky, 1937; Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palae arctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Zilla diodia (Walckenaer, 1802) RECORDS. Akhali Atoni, Gudauta, Sukhum [Mcheidze, 1964, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. West-Palaearctic nemoral range, from Europe to East Kazakhstan [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. ATYPIDAE (1 genus and 1 species) Atypus muralis Bertkau, 1890 DISTRIBUTION. Central Europe to Turkmenistan nemoral range: from Germany and Italy to Urals and Kopetdagh Mts. [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010].
MATERIAL. 1 (CP) [59]. MATERIAL. 2 (TNU-2651/50) [55]; 2 (TNU-2653/3) [56].


Spiders of Abkhazia CHEIRACANTHIIDAE (1 genus and 2 species) Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802) RECORDS. Sukhum [Spasski, 1937; Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Cheiracanthium mildei L. Koch, 1864 RECORDS. Ritsa Lake [Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Nearctic West-Central Palaearctic nemoral range and Argentina [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. CLUBIONIDAE (1 genus and 6 species) Clubiona brevipes Blackwall, 1841 DISTRIBUTION. Plaearctic disjunctive nemoral range, it is absent between Caucasus and Japan [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Clubiona caerulescens L.Koch, 1867 DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Clubiona germanica Thorell, 1871 RECORDS. Gagra [Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Clubiona lutescens Westring, 1851 RECORDS. Myussera State Reserve [Mikhailov, 1990; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Holarctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Clubiona neglecta O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1862 DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palae arctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010].
MATERIAL. 3 , 6 (TNU-2652/29) [54]. MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2636/51) [36]; 3 , 3 (TNU2639/21) [39]; 1 , 4 (TNU-2640/2) [40]; 3 , 4 (TNU2651/35) [55]; 2 , 4 (TNU-2653/9) [56]. MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2639/20) [39]. MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2654/2) [57]. MATERIAL. 1 (YMC) [08]; 1 (TNU-2636/49) [36]; 1 (CP) [59]. MATERIAL. 4 , 4 (TNU-2652/28) [54].

27

Clubiona pseudosimilis Mikhailov, 1990
MATERIAL. 1 , 4 (CP-20.10.16/1) [01]; 4 , 16 (TNU-2641/20) [41].

DISTRIBUTION. Caucasus [Mikhailov, 1997]. COELOTIDAE (1 genus and 1 species) Pireneitega (sub Paracoelotes) sp.

MATERIAL. 6 , 1 (CP-22.12.5/2) [33]; 11 (TNU2640/12) [40]; 2 , 78 (TNU-2641/1) [41]; 3 (TNU2642/1) [43]; 1 (TNU-2644/16) [45]; 64 (TNU-2652/2) [54].

NOTE. This is a new species closely related to Pireneitega segestriformis (Dufour, 1820). Its description will be published in a separate paper. Earlier this genus was placed in Amaurobiidae [see Platnick, 2010]. But recently Y. Nishikawa [2009] established the separate family Coelotidae (new status for the subfamily). We agree with Y. Nishikawas opinion. DISTRIBUTION. West Caucasus [personal data]. CORINNIDAE (2 genera and 2 species) Phrurolithus festivus (C.L. Koch, 1835) DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Trachelas minor O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872 RECORDS. Gudauta and Sukhum Distr. [Kovblyuk & Nadolny, 2009; Marusik & Kovblyuk, 2010].
MATERIAL. 1 (CP) [62].

MATERIAL. 1 (YMC) [10]; 15 (YMC) [11]; 1 (TNU-2636/1) [36]; 1 (TNU-2653/68) [56].

DISTRIBUTION. West Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. CYBAEIDAE (1 genus and 1 species) Cybaeus abchasicus Charitonov, 1947* RECORDS. Gudauta Distr., Tarkikadze Cave [Charitonov, 1947; Dzhanashvilli, 1965; Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006; Kovblyuk et al., 2010]. DISTRIBUTION. West Caucasus [Kovblyuk et al., 2010]. DICTYNIDAE (2 genera and 2 species) Dictyna uncinata Thorell, 1856 DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Mastigusa macrophthalma (Kulczyсski, 1897)
MATERIAL. 1 (YMC) [08]. MATERIAL. 1 (CP-34.14.4/34) [34]; 1 (CP) [52]. MATERIAL. 1 (ZMMU) [09].


28

M.M. Kovblyuk, Y.M. Marusik, A.V. Ponomarev, V.A. Gnelitsa, A.A. Nadolny DISTRIBUTION. Mediterranean-Caucasian range: Corsica, Greece, Cyprus, Moldova, Ukraine (Odessa, Mykolaiv and Kherson Area, Crimea), Turkey, West Caucasus [Mikhailov, 1997; Kovblyuk et al., 2008; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Dysdera martensi Dunin, 1991 RECORDS. Gudauta; Bzyb Mt. Range [Dunin, 1992b; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Caucasus [Mikhailov, 1997; Platnick, 2010]. Harpactea caucasia (Kulczyсski, 1895) RECORDS. Gudauta and Sukhum Distr. [Dunin, 1992b; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].
MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2515/2) [31]; 4 (TNU-2636/24) [36]; 4 , 11 (TNU-2639/15) [39]; 2 (TNU-2644/27) [45]; 1 , 36 (TNU-2651/28) [55]; 1 , 20 (TNU-2653/22) [56].

DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral range: from France east to Yenisei River, and from Britain south to Italy and Bulgaria [Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. DYSDERIDAE (3 genera and 11 species) ?? Dysdera cribrata Simon 1882 RECORDS. Akhali Atoni, Sukhum [Mcheidze, 1964, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. NOTE. Probably the record from Caucasus is based on misidentification. DISTRIBUTION. France [Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Dysdera crocata C.L. Koch, 1838 RECORDS. Sukhum Distr.: Nizhnyaya Yashtukha Vil.; Kelasur; Ochamchyra; Kodor [Dunin, 1992b; Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Cosmopolitan, but absent in Asia [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Dysdera dunini Deeleman-Reinhold, 1988 RECORDS. Gudauta Distr.; Bzyb Range; Sukhum [Dunin, 1992b; Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. Sub Dysdera punctata C.L. Koch, 1838 misidentification [see Dunin, 1992b]: Gagra; Kodor [Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Crimea-Caucasus and probably Middle Asian Mts. [Mikhailov, 1997; Kovblyuk et al., 2008; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. ?? Dysdera erythrina (Walckenaer, 1802) RECORDS. Akhali Atoni, Gagra, Sukhum [Mcheidze, 1964, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. NOTE. Probably this record is based on misidentification [see Kovblyuk et al., 2009]. DISTRIBUTION. Europe west from Carpathians [Kovblyuk et al., 2008]. Dysdera hungarica Kulczyсski in Chyzer et Kulczyсski, 1897
MATERIAL. 1 , 5 (TNU-2639/16) [39]; 1 , 2 (TNU-2644/28) [45]. MATERIAL. 2 , 3 (TNU-2636/22) [36]; 1 , 1 (TNU-2652/15) [54]; 8 , 4 (TNU-2651/30) [55]; 5 , 11 (TNU-2653/23) [56]; 1 (TNU-2654/1) [57]; 1 (CP) [62].

DISTRIBUTION. Caucasus [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Harpactea logunovi Dunin, 1992

RECORDS. Bzyb Mt. Range, Pitsunda, Myusser Reserve, Sukhum [Dunin, 1992a,b; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Caucasus [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Harpactea rubicunda (C.L. Koch, 1838) RECORDS. Bzyb Mt. Range, Khuach Vil. [Dunin, 1992b]. DISTRIBUTION. West Palaearctic nemoral range: from Spain east to Caucasus, and from Britain south to Greece [Mikhailov, 1997; Kovblyuk et al., 2008; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Hygrocrates caucasicus Dunin, 1992* RECORDS. Gudauta Distr.: Achandara Vil., Khuach Vil. [Dunin, 1992b; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. West Caucasus [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. FILISTATIDAE (1 genus and 1 species) Pritha sp.
MATERIAL. 5 (YMC) [06]; 1 (TNU-2636/2) [36]; 1 (TNU-2651/7) [55]. MATERIAL. 1 (CP-43.11.3/1) [09]. MATERIAL. 1 (CP-43.11.2/1) [05]; 1 , 2 (TNU-2644/ 26) [45]; 1 (CP-43.11.2/6) [49]; 3 , 31 (TNU-2652/17) [54]; 1 , 9 (TNU-2653/21) [56]; 1 (CP) [62].

DISTRIBUTION. East-European-Balkans-CrimeaCaucasian mountain ranges [Mikhailov, 1997; Kovblyuk et al., 2008; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Dysdera lata Wider in Reuss, 1834
MATERIAL. 1 , 3 (TNU-2651/29) [55].

NOTE. Probably undescribed species. Its description will be published in a separate paper. DISTRIBUTION. Abkhazia [personal data].


Spiders of Abkhazia GNAPHOSIDAE (8 genera and 13 species) Drassodes lapidosus (Walckenaer, 1802) RECORDS. All sea shore [Wagner, 1896 sub Drassus lapidicola Walck.]; Kelasur, Sukhum [Mcheidze, 1964] DISTRIBUTION. West-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Drassodes pubescens (Thorell, 1856) DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Drassyllus pusillus (C.L. Koch, 1833)
MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2636/31) [36]; 1 , 1 (TNU-2640/ 1) [40]; 1 (TNU-2652/32) [54]; 22 (TNU-2653/31) [56]. MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2652/31) [54]. MATERIAL. 2 (TNU-2641/19) [41]; 77 (TNU-2652/ 30) [54].

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Scotophaeus scutulatus (L. Koch, 1866) RECORDS. Sukhum [Mcheidze, 1997 sub S. acutularis; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Trachyzelotes pedestris (C.L. Koch, 1837) DISTRIBUTION. West-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Zelotes caucasius (L. Koch, 1866) RECORDS. Gagra [Simon, 1899 sub Melanophora; Verzhbitsky, 1902 sub Prosthesima; Ovtsharenko, 1982; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Zelotes khostensis Kovblyuk et Ponomarev, 2008 RECORDS. Sukhum [sub Zelotes erebeus (Thorell, 1871) misidentification [see Kovblyuk & Ponomarev, 2008] Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Caucasus [personal data]. Zelotes subterraneus (C.L. Koch, 1833)
MATERIAL. 1 , 1 (CP-18.14.17/21) [09]; 1 (TNU2636/30) [36]; 1 (TNU-2639/12) [39]; 2 , 12 (TNU2641/2) [41]; 1 , 9 (TNU-2651/11) [55]; 3 , 8 (TNU2653/28) [56]; 1 (CP) [62]. MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2653/32) [56].

DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Gnaphosa dolosa Herman, 1879 RECORDS. Gentsvishi, al, 1992; Esyunin & Efimik, DISTRIBUTION. West nemoral range [Mikhailov, Platnick, 2010]. Sukhum [Ovtsharenko et 1997; Kovblyuk, 2005]. and Central Palaearctic 1997; Helsdingen, 2010;

MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2639/11) [39]; 1 (TNU-2644/4) [45]; 2 , 2 (TNU-2651/12) [55]; 2 , 2 (TNU-2653/29) [56].

Gnaphosa lugubris (C.L. Koch, 1839) RECORDS. Gagra [Simon, 1899; Verzhbitsky, 1902; Charitonov, 1932; Ovtsharenko, 1982; Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Haplodrassus signifer (C.L. Koch, 1839) DISTRIBUTION. Circum-Holarctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Kishidaia conspicua (L. Koch, 1866) DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Scotophaeus blackwalli (Thorell, 1871) DISTRIBUTION. Cosmopolitan, but in the Palaearctic it is known in Europe only [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010].
MATERIAL. 10 , 16 (YMC) [08]. MATERIAL. 1 , 1 (TNU-2653/30) [56]. MATERIAL. 3 (TNU-2652/35) [54].

DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010; personal data]. HAHNIIDAE (1 genus and 1 species) Hahnia nava (Blackwall, 1841)

DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Hahnia sp. cf. montana (Blackwall, 1841)
MATERIAL. 5 , 4 (YMC) [24]; 9 (TNU-2636/46) [36]; 4 (TNU-2639/3) [39]; 3 (TNU-2651/25) [55]; 1 (TNU-2653/66) [56].

MATERIAL. 34 (YMC) [28]; 1 (TNU-2653/67) [56].

NOTE. Probably it is an undescribed species. DISTRIBUTION. West Caucasus [personal data]. LEPTONETIDAE (1 genus and 1 species) Leptonetela caucasica Dunin, 1990
MATERIAL. 1 , 1 (YMC) [24].


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M.M. Kovblyuk, Y.M. Marusik, A.V. Ponomarev, V.A. Gnelitsa, A.A. Nadolny Centromerus minor Tanasevitch, 1990 RECORDS. Gagra Distr.: Pitsunda, Bzyb River Valley [Tanasevitch, 1990; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Caucasus, Turkey, Central Asian Mts [Mikhailov, 1997; Platnick, 2010]. Ceratinella brevis (Wider, 1834) RECORDS. Gudauta Distr.: Myussera Reserve [Tanasevitch, 1987; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].
MATERIAL. 1 (VAG) [36]; 2 (VAG) [39]; 1 (VAG) [54].

DISTRIBUTION. West Caucasus [Mikhailov, 1997; Marusik & Guseinov, 2003; Ponomarev & Chumachenko, 2007; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. NOTE. Probably, record of this species from Azerbaijan is doubtful [personal data]. LINYPHIIDAE (43 genera and 64 species) Agyneta conigera (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1863) DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Agyneta ramosa Jackson, 1912 DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Allotiso lancearius (Tanasevitch, 1987) RECORDS. Tkuarchal Distr., Khodzhal [Tanasevitch, 1990]. DISTRIBUTION. West Caucasus [Mikhailov, 1997; Platnick, 2010]. Araeoncus caucasicus Tanasevitch, 1987
MATERIAL. 1 (YMC) [20]; 1 , 1 (VAG) [36]; 1 , 1 (VAG) [39]; 1 (VAG) [55]. MATERIAL. 1 (VAG) [41]. MATERIAL. 1 , 4 (VAG) [54]. MATERIAL. 3 (VAG) [41]; 1 (VAG) [54].

MATERIAL. 7 , 5 (YMC) [07]; 1 (YMC) [10]; 9 (YMC) [24]; 2 (TNU-2513/2) [32]; 2 (VAG) [36]; 1, 1 (VAG) [41]; 1 (VAG) [43]; 1 (VAG) [44]; 5 , 13 (VAG) [54]; 1 , 1 (VAG) [55]; 1 (CP) [61].

DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Cresmatoneta mutinensis (Canestrini, 1868) RECORDS. Sukhum [Spassky, 1937 sub Formicina; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].

DISTRIBUTION. Mediterranean-Crimea-Caucasian range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Diplocephalus caucasicus Tanasevitch, 1987* RECORDS. Gudauta Distr.: Myussera Reserve; Sukhum, Kelasur Cave [Tanasevitch, 1987, 1990; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Caucasus [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010].
MATERIAL. 2 (VAG) [37]; 1 (VAG) [43]; 1 (VAG) [55].

MATERIAL. 1 (YMC) [12].

DISTRIBUTION. Crimea, Rostov Area of Russia, Caucasus, Iran, West Kazakhstan and Middle Asian Mts. [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010; Ponomarev, personal data]. Bathyphantes approximatus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1871) DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Bathyphantes gracilis (Blackwall, 1841)
MATERIAL. 1 , 1 (YMC) [06]; 1 , 1 (VAG) [55]; 3 , 5 (VAG) [56]. MATERIAL. 1 (YMC) [06].

Diplocephalus latifrons (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1863) RECORDS. Gagra Distr.: Pitsunda, Bzyb River Valley; Gudauta Distr.: Ritsa Lake [Tanasevitch, 1987; Tanasevitch, 1990; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. West Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Diplocephalus picinus (Blackwall, 1841) DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Diplocephalus transcaucasicus Tanasevitch, 1990 DISTRIBUTION. Caucasus [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010].
MATERIAL. 4 (VAG) [54]. MATERIAL. 2 (VAG) [54].

DISTRIBUTION. Circum-Holarctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Caucasopisthes procurvus (Tanasevitch, 1987) DISTRIBUTION. Caucasus [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010].
MATERIAL. 1 (VAG) [41].


Spiders of Abkhazia Diplostyla concolor (Wider, 1834) RECORDS. Gagra Distr.: Pitsunda, Bzyb River Valley; Gudauta Distr.: Myussera Reserve [Tanasevitch, 1987; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Circum-Holarctic nemoral range (in Palaearctic east to Yenisei River) [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Erigone dentipalpis (Wider, 1834) RECORDS. Sukhum [Spassky, 1937; Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. T rans-Palae arctic polyzonal range [Mikhailov, 1997; Marusik et al., 2000; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Erigone longipalpis (Sundevall, 1830) DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Floronia bucculenta (Clerck, 1757) RECORDS. Sukhum [Tanasevitch, 1990, referring to S.A. Spassky [1937 sub frenata (Wider, 1834)]; however, Spassky did not indicate this species for Abkhazia; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Frontinellina frutetorum (C.L. Koch, 1834) RECORDS. Sukhum [Spassky, 1937 sub Linyphia; Mcheidze, 1964, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Gnathonarium dentatum (Wider, 1834) RECORDS. Sukhum [Spassky, 1937; Tanasevitch, 1987; Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].
MATERIAL. 1 (VAG) [47]. MATERIAL. 2 (VAG) [41]; 3 (VAG) [42]. MATERIAL. 2 (VAG) [36]; 1 (VAG) [41]; 1 , 1 (VAG) [45]; 7 , 1 (VAG) [55]; 14 , 3 (VAG) [56]; 1 (CP) [59]. MATERIAL. 2 , 3 (VAG) [36]; 1 (VAG) [39]; 1 (CP-39.14.3/22) [49]; 4 , 2 (VAG) [55].

31

DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Gongylidiellum murcidum Simon, 1884 RECORDS. Gudauta Distr.: Myussera Reserve and Ritsa Lake; Sukhum Distr.: Kelasur [Tanasevitch, 1987; Tanasevitch, 1990; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Palaearctic disjunctive nemoral range, it is unknown between Caucasus and Japan [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Gongylidiellum vivum (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1875) DISTRIBUTION. Palaearctic disjunctive nemoral range, it is unknown between Caucasus and Far East (Sakhalin) [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Hylyphantes nigritus (Simon, 1881)
MATERIAL. 7 (VAG) [39]; 11 (VAG) [45]; 1 , 6 (VAG) [56]. MATERIAL. 1 (VAG) [56].

DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Marusik et al., 2000; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Ipa keyserlingi (Ausserer, 1867) DISTRIBUTION. West Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Lepthyphantes cruentatus Tanasevitch, 1987 DISTRIBUTION. Caucasus [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Linyphia hortensis Sundevall, 1830
MATERIAL. 3 (VAG) [40]; 1 (VAG) [44]; 4 (VAG) [54]. MATERIAL. 1 (VAG) [55]. MATERIAL. 1 (YMC) [28].

DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Linyphia triangularis (Clerck, 1757) DISTRIBUTION. Palaearctic nemoral range, introduced in USA [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Maso sundevalli (Westring, 1851) RECORDS. Gudauta Distr.: Ritsa Lake [Tanasevitch, 1990].
MATERIAL. 2 , 6 (VAG) [41]; 1 (VAG) [45]. MATERIAL. 3 (VAG) [47].

DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Gonatium rubens (Blackwall, 1833) RECORDS. Gudauta Distr.: Ritsa Lake [Tanasevitch, 1990].

MATERIAL. 1 (VAG) [39]; 4 , 4 (VAG) [45]; 2 (VAG) [55]; 3 , 5 (VAG) [56].


32

M.M. Kovblyuk, Y.M. Marusik, A.V. Ponomarev, V.A. Gnelitsa, A.A. Nadolny DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Nematogmus sanguinolentus (Walckenaer, 1841) DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Neriene clathrata (Sundevall, 1830)
MATERIAL. 1 (YMC) [06]; 1 , 1 (YMC) [12]; 1 (YMC) [27]. MATERIAL. 1 (VAG) [39].

DISTRIBUTION. Circum-Holarctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Marusik et al., 2000; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Meioneta mollis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1871) RECORDS. Abkhazia, unspecified [Tanasevitch, 1990 sub Agyneta; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].

MATERIAL. 1 (YMC) [10]; 1 (VAG) [39]; 4 , 5 (VAG) [56].

DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Meioneta rurestris (C.L. Koch, 1836) RECORDS. Sukhum: Niszhnaya Yashtukha [Tanasevitch, 1990; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. West-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010].
MATERIAL. 2 , 6 (VAG) [41]; 2 (VAG) [54].

DISTRIBUTION. Circum-Holarctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Neriene peltata (Wider, 1834)
MATERIAL. 1 (CP-39.10.7/14) [34]; 1 , 6 (VAG) [39]; 1 (VAG) [40]; 2 (VAG) [41]; 1 , 7 (VAG) [54].

Metopobactrus prominulus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) DISTRIBUTION. Circum-Holarctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Marusik et al., 2000; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Micrargus herbigradus (Blackwall, 1854) RECORDS. Gagra Distr.: Pitsunda, Bzyb River Valley [Tanasevitch, 1987; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Micrargus subaequalis (Westring, 1851) DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Microneta viaria (Blackwall, 1841) RECORDS. Gagra Distr.: Pitsunda, Bzyb River Valley and Ritsa Lake; Gudauta Distr.: Myussera Reserve [Tanasevitch, 1987; Tanasevitch, 1990; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Circum-Holarctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Moebelia penicillata (Westring, 1851)
MATERIAL. 1 (YMC) [06]; 1 (YMC) [07]; 3 , 7 (YMC) [08]. MATERIAL. 34 (YMC) [07]; 2 (VAG) [32]; 1 (VAG) [36]; 20 (VAG) [39]; 5 (VAG) [41]; 2 (VAG) [45]; 1 , 8 (VAG) [54]; 4 (VAG) [55]; 2 (VAG) [56]. MATERIAL. 2 (YMC) [24]; 1 (VAG) [56]. MATERIAL. 2 (VAG) [39]; 1 (VAG) [41]. MATERIAL. 3 (YMC) [12]; 1 , 4 (YMC) [27].

DISTRIBUTION. Greenland and West Palearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Neriene radiata (Walckenaer, 1841)

DISTRIBUTION. Circum-Holarctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Obscuriphantes obscurus (Blackwall, 1841) DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Oedothorax apicatus (Blackwall, 1850) RECORDS. Niszhnaya Yashtukha [Tanasevitch, 1990; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Oedothorax meridionalis Tanasevitch, 1987* RECORDS. Sukhum Distr.: Kelasur [Tanasevitch, 1987; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Caucasus, Iran and Middle Asian Mts. [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Parapelecopsis nemoralis (Blackwall, 1841) DISTRIBUTION. West Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010].
MATERIAL. 1 (VAG) [55]. MATERIAL. 1 , 2 (VAG) [36]; 1 , 2 (VAG) [39]; 1 (VAG) [45]; 1 (VAG) [55]. MATERIAL. 4 , 1 (YMC) [11]; 1 (VAG) [36]. MATERIAL. 2 , 1 (VAG) [41].

MATERIAL. 1 (CP-39.10.10/6) [02]; 2 (VAG) [36]; 2 (VAG) [39].


Spiders of Abkhazia Plesiophantes sp.
MATERIAL. 1 (VAG) [36]; 1 , 3 (VAG) [39]; 4 , 6 (VAG) [41]; 5 , 11 (VAG) [55]. MATERIAL. 1 (YMC) [06].

33

DISTRIBUTION. Crimea and Caucasus [Mikhailov, 1997; Kovblyuk, 2004b; Platnick, 2010; personal data]. Styloctetor romanus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic hypoarctonemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Marusik et al., 2000; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Tenuiphantes mengei (Kulczyсski, 1887) RECORDS. Gagra Distr.: Pitsunda, Bzyb River Valley; Gudauta Distr.: Myussera Reserve and Ritsa Lake; Sukhum Distr.: Kelasur [Tanasevitch, 1987; Tanasevitch, 1990; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].
MATERIAL. 1 (YMC) [11].

NOTE. Undescribed species. Will be described by Gnelitsa in a separate paper. DISTRIBUTION. West Caucasus. Porrhomma convexum (Westring, 1851)
MATERIAL. 1 (VAG) [37]; 5 , 4 (VAG) [54]; 1 (VAG) [56].

DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Porrhomma pygmaeum (Blackwall, 1834) RECORDS. Gudauta Distr.: Myussera Reserve [Tanasevitch, 1987; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Prinerigone vagans (Audouin, 1826) RECORDS. Sukhum Distr.: Nizhnyaya Yashtukha Vil. [Tanasevitch, 1990; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Scutpelecopsis wunderlichi Marusik & Gnelitsa, 2009* RECORDS. Gagra Distr.: env. Pitsunda, Ldzaa Vil. [Marusik & Gnelitsa, 2009]. NOTE. Records of Pelecopsis krausi Wunderlich, 1980 from Khosta [Ponomarev & Chumachenko, 2007] are based on misidentification of S. wunderlichi (material examined). DISTRIBUTION. West Caucasus [personal data]. Sintula corniger (Blackwall, 1856) DISTRIBUTION. West Palaearctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Stemonyphantes agnatus Tanasevitch, 1990* RECORDS. Gudauta Distr.: Myussera Reserve [Tanasevitch, 1987 sub S. abantensis Wunderlich, 1978]; Sukhum Distr.: Kelasur [Tanasevitch, 1990; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].
MATERIAL. 2 (VAG) [39]. MATERIAL. 1 (VAG) [36]; 1 (VAG) [45]; 5 (VAG) [55]. MATERIAL. 1 (VAG) [56].

DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Tenuiphantes morosus (Tanasevitch, 1987) DISTRIBUTION. Caucasus [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Tenuiphantes perseus (Helsdingen, 1977)
MATERIAL. 2 (VAG) [41].

MATERIAL. 3 , 4 (YMC) [06]; 1 (YMC) [07]; 1 (YMC) [19]; 1 (YMC) [21]; 1 (YMC) [24]; 5 , 14 (VAG) [36]; 4 , 8 (VAG) [39]; 4 (VAG) [40]; 1 (VAG) [41]; 1 , 6 (VAG) [45]; 1 (VAG) [47]; 1 (VAG) [54]; 5 , 18 (VAG) [55]; 10 , 27 (VAG) [56].

RECORDS. Gagra Distr.: Pitsunda; Gudauta Distr.: Ritsa Lake; Sukhum [Tanasevitch, 2009]. DISTRIBUTION. Caucasus and Iran [Tanasevitch, 2009]. Tenuiphantes tenuis (Blackwall, 1852) DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Trematocephalus cristatus (Wider, 1834)
MATERIAL. 1 (VAG) [36]; 2 (VAG) [39]; 2 (VAG) [45]; 5 (VAG) [55]; 2 (VAG) [56]. MATERIAL. 1 (YMC) [12].

MATERIAL. 61 (ZMMU) [24]; 2 (VAG) [54]; 1 , 1 (VAG) [55]; 1 (VAG) [56]; 1 (CP) [61].

DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Trichoncus affinis Kulczyсski, 1894 DISTRIBUTION. West Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Troglohyphantes charitonovi Tanasevitch, 1987
MATERIAL. 1 , 2 (VAG) [54]. MATERIAL. 1 (VAG) [55].


34

M.M. Kovblyuk, Y.M. Marusik, A.V. Ponomarev, V.A. Gnelitsa, A.A. Nadolny 'Alopecosa' charitonovi Mcheidze, 1997 Fig. 1. RECORDS. Gudauta Distr.: Avadkhara [Mcheidze, 1997 sub Alopecosa; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. NOTE. This is a poorly known species. Its re-description will be published in a separate paper. DISTRIBUTION. All Caucasus Major [personal data]. Alopecosa pulverulenta (Clerck, 1757)
MATERIAL. 1 (CP-25.11.2/24) [01]; 18 , 11 (TNU2641/15) [41]; 1 (TNU-2652/38) [54]. MATERIAL. 3 , 5 (TNU-2652/1) [54].

DISTRIBUTION. Caucasus [Mikhailov, 1997; Platnick, 2010]. Troglohyphantes deelemanae Tanasevitch, 1986* RECORDS. Gudauta Distr.: Plateau Achibakh (15 km SE of Lake Ritza): caves [Tanasevitch, 1986, 1990; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Caucasus [Mikhailov, 1997; Platnick, 2010]. Walckenaeria alticeps (Denis, 1952) DISTRIBUTION. West Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Walckenaeria antica (Wider, 1834)
MATERIAL. 1 (YMC) [08]; 1 (VAG) [36]; 1 (VAG) [55]. MATERIAL. 1 (VAG) [41]. MATERIAL. 1 (VAG) [41]; 3 (VAG) [55].

DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Arctosa leopardus (Sundevall, 1833)

DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral range: east to Yenisei River [Mikhailov, 1997; Marusik et al., 2000; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Walckenaeria atrotibialis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1878)
MATERIAL. 1 (VAG) [32]; 1 (VAG) [41]; 1 (VAG) [54].

RECORDS. Sukhum [Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Arctosa tbilisiensis Mcheidze, 1946
MATERIAL. 1 , 1 (TNU-2636/14) [36]; 1 (TNU-2639/ 33) [39]; 4 , 1 (TNU-2651/60) [55]; 4 (TNU-2653/39) [56]. MATERIAL. 1 (CP) [63].

DISTRIBUTION. Circum-Holarctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Walckenaeria vigilax (Blackwall, 1853) RECORDS. Niszhnaya Yashtukha, Sukhum [Spassky, 1937 sub Cornicularia; Tanasevitch, 1990; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Circum-Holarctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. LIOCRANIDAE (1 genus and 1 species) Sagana rutilans Thorell, 1875 DISTRIBUTION. West Palaearctic: Europe and Caucasus: from France east to Caucasus and from Poland south to Greece [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. LYCOSIDAE (9 genera and 29 species) Alopecosa accentuata (Latreille, 1817) DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010].
MATERIAL. 1 (CP) [53]. MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2639/2) [39].

DISTRIBUTION. Balkan-Caucasian range: Greece, Bulgaria, Krasnodar Area, Daghestan, Abkhazia, Georgia, Azerbaijan and Iran [Ovtsharenko, 1979; Mikhailov, 1997; Ponomarev & Alieva, 2010; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010; personal data]. Aulonia albimana (Walckenaer, 1805)
MATERIAL. 3 (CP-25.19.1/2) [29]; 1 (TNU-2639/28) [39]; 1 (TNU-2640/3) [40]; 9 (TNU-2653/37) [56]; 1 (CP) [62].

DISTRIBUTION. West Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Geolycosa vultuosa (C.L. Koch, 1838)

RECORDS. Sukhum [Mcheidze, 1964, 1997 sub Lycosa; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Southeastern Europe to Central Asia: from Sardinia east to Middle Asian Mts, and from the Russian Plain south to Greece [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Hogna radiata (Latreille, 1817) RECORDS. Gagra; Sukhum [Spassky, 1937 and Mcheidze, 1964, 1997 sub Lycosa; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].


Spiders of Abkhazia

35

Figs 16. Habitus: 1 female of 'Alopecosa' charitonovi with egg sac; 2 female of Pardosa abagensis with egg sac; 3 female of Pardosa buchari with spiderlings; 4 male of Pardosa incerta; 5 female of Pardosa incerta; 6 male of Hoplopholcus longipes. Рис. 16. Внешний вид при жизни: 1 самка 'Alopecosa' charitonovi с коконом; 2 самка Pardosa abagensis с коконом; 3 самка Pardosa buchari с паучками; 4 самец Pardosa incerta; 5 самка Pardosa incerta; 6 самец Hoplopholcus longipes.

MATERIAL. 7 , 6 (TNU-2651/58) [55]; 16 , 8 (TNU-2653/34) [56].

Pardosa caucasica Ovtsharenko, 1979
MATERIAL. 1 (ZMMU) [09]; 2 , 4 (TNU-2652/36) [54].

DISTRIBUTION. W est and Central Palaearctic nemoral-subtropical range and Central Africa [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Pardosa abagensis Ovtsharenko, 1979 Fig. 2. DISTRIBUTION. West Caucasus [Ovtsharenko, 1979; Mikhailov, 1997; Platnick, 2010; personal data]. Pardosa buchari Ovtsharenko, 1979 Fig. 3. DISTRIBUTION. Crimea and West Caucasus [Mikhailov, 1997; Kovblyuk, 2004c; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010].
MATERIAL. 25 , 63 (TNU-2652/37) [54]. MATERIAL. 2 , 3 (TNU-2641/17) [41].

DISTRIBUTION. Caucasus [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Pardosa colchica Mcheidze, 1946

RECORDS. Gentsvishi (E of Sukhum) [Zyuzin & Logunov, 2000; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Caucasus [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Pardosa hortensis (Thorell, 1872) RECORDS. Sukhum [Mcheidze, 1964; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]
MATERIAL. 6 , 10 (TNU-2653/41) [56].

MATERIAL. 14 , 32 (TNU-2651/64) [55]; 5 , 59 (TNU-2653/43) [56].


36

M.M. Kovblyuk, Y.M. Marusik, A.V. Ponomarev, V.A. Gnelitsa, A.A. Nadolny
MATERIAL. 12 , 33 (TNU-2636/16) [36]; 3 , 9 (TNU-2639/30) [39]; 1 (CP) [60].

DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Pardosa incerta Nosek, 1905 Figs 45. DISTRIBUTION. Bulgaria, Turkey and Caucasus [Zyuzin & Ovtsharenko, 1979; Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Pardosa lugubris (Walckenaer, 1802) DISTRIBUTION. West-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010, personal data]. ? Pardosa monticola (Clerck, 1757) RECORDS. Ritsa Lake, Sukhum [Mcheidze, 1964, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Pardosa nebulosa orientalis (Kroneberg, 1875) RECORDS. Sukhum [Mcheidze, 1964, 1997 sub P. orientalis; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].
MATERIAL. 1 , 2 (TNU-2653/36) [56]; 1 (TNU-2655/ 1) [58]; 1 (CP) [63]. MATERIAL. 4 (TNU-2651/66) [55]. MATERIAL. 96 , 148 (TNU-2641/16) [41].

DISTRIBUTION. Crimea and West Caucasus [Mikhailov, 1997; Kovblyuk, 2002, 2004c; Platnick, 2010]. Pirata hygrophilus Thorell, 1872
MATERIAL. 3 (TNU-2636/15) [36]; 1 , 7 (TNU2639/29) [39]; 9 (TNU-2653/44) [56].

DISTRIBUTION. Palaearctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. ? Pirata insularis Emerton, 1885 RECORDS. Kelasur [Mcheidze, 1997 sub P. picollo; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Holarctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Trochosa cachetiensis Mcheidze, 1997 NOTE. It is poorly known species. It will be redescribed in a separate paper. DISTRIBUTION. West Caucasus: Abkhazia and Georgia [Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. ? Trochosa hispanica Simon, 1870 NOTE: The identification of this species is preliminary. The species differs from Trochosa ruricola (De Geer, 1778) by its smaller size. It is similar to T. ruricola by the presence of a tooth on the cheliceral claw. DISTRIBUTION. Mediterranean and Caucasus: from Portugal east to Azerbaijan, and from France south to Crete [Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Trochosa robusta (Simon, 1876) DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Trochosa ruricola (De Geer, 1778) RECORDS. Sukhum; Tsebelda [Schmidt, 1895 sub Lycosa; Simon, 1899; Verzhbitsky, 1902; Kharitonov, 1932; Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Circum-Holarctic nemoral range, Bermuda [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Trochosa terricola Thorell, 1856 DISTRIBUTION. Circum-Holarctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010].
MATERIAL. 1 (ZMMU) [04]. MATERIAL. 1 , 5 (TNU-2639/34) [39]. MATERIAL. 1 , 8 (TNU-2639/35) [39]. MATERIAL. 2 (CP) [53]; 1 (CP) [61]. MATERIAL. 4 (CP) [61].

DISTRIBUTION. C entral-Pal aearctic n emoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Platnick, 2010]. Pardosa pontica (Thorell, 1875)

DISTRIBUTION. From Bulgaria east to West Turkmenistan [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Pardosa prativaga (L. Koch, 1870)
MATERIAL. 2 (TNU-2639/31) [39]; 4 (TNU-2644/30) [45].

MATERIAL. 6 (TNU-2636/18) [36]; 104 , 87 (TNU-2651/63) [55]; 4 , 4 (TNU-2653/40) [56].

DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Pardosa proxima (C.L. Koch, 1847) DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Pirata hurkai Buchar, 1966* RECORDS. Gudauta Distr.: Ritsa Lake [Buchar, 1966; Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].
MATERIAL. 1 , 2 (TNU-2653/43) [56].


Spiders of Abkhazia Xerolycosa nemoralis (Westring, 1861) DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. MIMETIDAE (2 genera and 3 species) Ero aphana (Walckenaer, 1802) DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral range, introduced in St. Helena, Queensland, Western Australia [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Ero furcata (Villers, 1789) DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Mimetus laevigatus (Keyserling, 1863) RECORDS. Sukhum [Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Ancient Mediterranean range: from Portugal east to Middle Asian Mts, and from the Russian Plain south to Sicily, Crete, Turkey [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. MYSMENIDAE (1 genus and 1 species) Mysmenella jobi (Kraus, 1967) DISTRIBUTION. West Palaearctic nemoral range: from France east to Azerbaijan, and from Poland and Germany south to Italy [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Records from the Far East (Maritime Prov., Beijing, Sakhalin and Moneron Islands, Korea) probably refer to another species [Marusik & Guseinov, 2003]. NEMESIIDAE (1 genus and 1 species) Raveniola pontica (Spassky, 1937) RECORDS. Gudauta Distr.: Novyi Aphon [Wagner, 1896; Charitonov, 1936; Mikhailov, 1997 all sub Mygale caucasica Wagner, 1896, nomen nudum]. DISTRIBUTION. West Caucasus from Anapa south to Batum [Kovblyuk & Ponomarev, 2008]. NESTICIDAE (2 genera and 4 species) Aituaria pontica (Spassky, 1932) RECORDS. Gudauta Distr., Tarkily Cave [Charitonov, 1947 sub Nesticus; Dzhanashvili, 1965
MATERIAL. 1 (ZMMU) [05]; 1 (ZMMU) [09]; 1 (CP45.10.1/4) [33] 1 (TNU-2636/47) [36]; 1 (TNU-2644/2) [45]. MATERIAL. 1 (YMC) [06]; 1 (TNU-2636/70) [36]. MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2653/63) [56]. MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2636/63) [36]; 1 (TNU-2651/6) [55]; 1 (TNU-2653/62) [56]; 1 (CP) [62]. MATERIAL. 3 , 2 (TNU-2640/4) [40].

37

sub Nesticus; Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. West Caucasus [Mikhailov, 1997; Platnick, 2010]. ? Carpathonesticus borutzkyi (Reimoser, 1930) RECORDS. Absent. All records from Abkhazia actually must be referred to Georgia sensu stricto: RionHohle bei Kutais [Reimoser, 1930] and cave near Tshaltubo [Charitonov, 1941; Dzhanashvili, 1965; Nadolny & Kovblyuk, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Crimea, Caucasus, Turkey [Mikhailov, 1997; Platnick, 2010]. Carpathonesticus caucasicus (Charitonov, 1947)* RECORDS. Gudauta Distr.: Anysh Grotte, Tchlakhe Cave, Agumava Cave [Charitonov, 1947; Dzhanashvili, 1965; Mcheidze, 1964, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. NOTE. We collected some Carpathonesticus specimens, but their identification is problematic before revision. DISTRIBUTION. West Caucasus [Mikhailov, 1997; Platnick, 2010]. Carpathonesticus zaitzevi (Charitonov, 1939)* RECORDS. Akhali Atoni, Sukhum Distr.: Adzaba Cave, Kelasur Cave, cave near Mikhailovskoe Vil., cave Rodnik, Aphon Cave, Verkhne-Andreevskaya Cave, Akhalsheni, Shroma; Gulrypsh Distr.: cave in Tsebeldy; Verkhne-Shakura cave; Ochamchyra Distr.: Golova Atapa Cave [Charitonov, 1936, 1939, 1941, 1947; Pichka, 1965; Dzhanashvilli, 1965 all sub Nesticus; Mcheidze, 1964, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. NOTE. We collected some additional Carpathonesticus specimens, but their identification is problematic before revision. DISTRIBUTION. West Caucasus [Mikhailov, 1997; Platnick, 2010]. OECOBIIDAE (1 genus and 1 species) Oecobius navus Blackwall, 1859 RECORDS. Sukhum [Charitonov, 1936; Spassky, 1937; Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006 all sub Oecobius annulipes (Lucas, 1846)]. DISTRIBUTION. Cosmopolitan [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. OONOPIDAE (1 genus and 1 species) Oonops domesticus (Dalmas, 1916) RECORDS. Sukhum [Marusik, 2005; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].
MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2638/7) [38].


38

M.M. Kovblyuk, Y.M. Marusik, A.V. Ponomarev, V.A. Gnelitsa, A.A. Nadolny DISTRIBUTION. Turkey and West Caucasus [Mikhailov, 1997; Platnick, 2010]. Pholcus phalangioides (Fuesslin, 1775) RECORDS. Akhali Atoni, Sukhum, Tsebelda [Spassky, 1937; Mcheidze, 1964, 1997 sub Pholcus phalangoides; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Cosmopolitan [Platnick, 2010]. PISAURIDAE (1 genus and 2 species) ? Pisaura mirabilis (Clerck, 1757) Figs 3536, 3940, 42. RECORDS. Sukhum [Spassky, 1937]. NOTE. Probably S.A. Spassky misidentified P. novicia as P. mirabilis (see comments for the following species). DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Platnick, 2010]. ? Pisaura novicia (L. Koch, 1878) Figs 3738, 41, 43.
Ocyale n. L. Koch, 1878: 54, pl. 2, f. 3 (). P. n. : Simon, 1898: 289. P. n. : Blandin, 1976: 922, f. 12 (). P. n. : Brignoli, 1984: 36, f. 34 (). P. n.: Mcheidze, 1997: 246, f. 536 ().

DISTRIBUTION. West Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. OXYOPIDAE (1 genus and 1 species) Oxyopes lineatus Latreille, 1806 RECORDS. Sukhum; Gulripsh Distr.: Tsebelda [Simon, 1899; Verzhbitsky, 1902; Spassky, 1937; Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Platnick, 2010]. PHILODROMIDAE (1 genus and 3 species) Philodromus cespitum (Walckenaer, 1802) DISTRIBUTION. Circum-Holarctic polyzonal range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Philodromus collinus C.L. Koch, 1835 DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Platnick, 2010]. Philodromus poecilus (Thorell, 1872) DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. PHOLCIDAE (2 genera and 2 species) Hoplopholcus longipes (Spassky, 1934) Figs 634.
Holocnemus l. Spassky, 1934: 366, f. 47 (). H. l.: Brignoli, 1978: 493, f. 5056 (). Holocnemus l.: Mcheidze, 1997: 65, f. 5657 (). MATERIAL. 1 (CP-36.10.4/9) [35]. MATERIAL. 3 (TNU-2652/14) [54]. MATERIAL. 1 (CP-36.10.15/4) [01]. MATERIAL. 2 (CP-16.10.1/7) [02]; 2 (ZMMU) [05]; 1 (TNU-2636/26) [36]; 1 (TNU-2639/8) [39]; 1 (TNU2651/2) [55]; 1 (TNU-2653/5) [56].

MATERIAL. 7 (YMC) [15]; 2 (TNU-2639/56) [39]; 1 (CP-35.10.2/13) [50]; 1 (CP-35.10.2/12) [51]; 6 (CP) [53]; 2 , 2 (TNU-2651/10) [55]; 3 (CP) [62].

RECORDS. Gagra [Simon, 1899; Verzhbitsky, 1902; Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].
MATERIAL. 1 (CP-13.10.1/9) [03]; 1 (CP-13.10.1/14) [29]; 4 (TNU-2636/27) [36]; 1 (TNU-2639/1) [39]; 1 (TNU-2644/1) [45]; 1 (CP) [53]; 2 (TNU-2651/1) [55]. COMPARATIVE MATERIAL. Pisaura mirabilis: UKRAINE: Kyiv Area, Tetiiv Distr., Ros River: 2 (TNU), 21.07.2006 and 2.08.2006, A.A. Nadolny. Pisaura sp.: UKRAINE, CRIMEA: numerous males and females.

RECORDS. Gudauta, Verkhne-Mzymta Cave, Lykhny Cave, Shiroko-pokosskaya Cave, Agumava Cave [Charitonov, 1947; Mcheidze, 1964; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].
MATERIAL. 1 , 2 (TNU-2639/57) [39]; 1 (TNU-2644/ 3) [45]; 3 , 1 (CP) [53]; 2 , 1 (TNU-2651/4) [55]; 2 , 1 (TNU-2653/24) [56].

DESCRIPTION. Measurements (/): total length 5.2 / 5.4; carapace 2.1 / 2.1 long, 1.9 / 2.0 wide. Length of leg segments (male/female):
Leg I II III IV Femur 10.3 / 12.0 8.0 / 9.3 6.8 / 7.8 8.0 / 9.1 Patella Tibia 0.8 / 0.9 10.3 / 12.4 0.7 / 0.9 7.2 / 8.9 0.7 / 0.8 5.9 / 6.9 0.8 / 0.9 7.2 / 8.0 Metatarsus 14.4 / 16.9 9.3 / 12.2 7.8 / 9.0 9.3 / 11.1 Tarsus 2.9 / 3.2 1.6 / 2.4 1.7 / 1.8 1.7 / 1.8

NOTES. P.M. Brignoli [1984] mentioned that Pisaura species can be distinguished by epigynes only. Specimens from Crimea have variable shapes of epigynes, although they are more similar to ?P. novicia from Abkhasia than to P. mirabilis from continental part of Ukraine. The problem with identification of Crimean Pisaura species will be addressed in the future. DISTRIBUTION. East Mediterranean: from Italy east to West Caucasus [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. SALTICIDAE (19 genera and 24 species) Ballus chalybeius (Walckenaer, 1802) RECORDS. Sukhum [Mcheidze, 1997 referring to Spassky [1937] however, Spassky did not indicate this species for Sukhum; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].

Males have 2226 fine spines on Femur I venter (n = 3).


Spiders of Abkhazia

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Figs 710. Habitus of Hoplopholcus longipes: 7 male, dorsal view; 8 male, ventral view; 9 female, dorsal view; 10 female, ventral view. Рис. 710. Габитус Hoplopholcus longipes: 7 самец, дорсально; 8 самец, вентрально; 9 самка, дорсально; 10 самка, вентрально.

DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Logunov & Marusik, 2000; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Carrhotus xanthogramma (Latreille, 1819) RECORDS. Gagra; Sukhum [Mcheidze, 1964, 1997; Logunov & Guseinov, 2002; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Logunov & Marusik, 2000; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Chalcoscirtus infimus (Simon, 1868) DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Euophrys frontalis (Walckenaer, 1802)
MATERIAL. 1 (YMC) [10]; 3 (YMC) [12]; 13 (YMC) [24]; 1 (CP-17.20.1/19) [29]; 5 , 4 (TNU-2639/24) [39]; 1 (TNU-2644/23) [45]; 7 (TNU-2651/44) [55]. MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2636/55) [36]; 1 (CP) [62]. MATERIAL. 1 (CP-17.31.1/10) [03].

MATERIAL. 6 , 1 (CP-17.17.1/30) [02]; 2 , 4 (TNU-2636/54) [36]; 15 , 17 (TNU-2639/19) [39]; 4 , 7 (TNU-2644/19) [45]; 1 (TNU-2647/6) [48]; 3 , 2 (TNU-2651/37) [55]; 2 , 4 (TNU-2653/49) [56].

DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Logunov & Marusik, 2000; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Heliophanus auratus C.L. Koch, 1835

RECORDS. Sukhum [Spassky, 1937 and Mcheidze, 1997 sub H. nigriceps Kulcz.; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral range, east to Lena River [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Heliophanus cupreus (Walckenaer, 1802) RECORDS. Sukhum [Spassky, 1937; Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006], Gagra Distr.: Pitsunda, pine forest (sweeping on Carex sp.) [Logunov & Guseinov, 2002]. DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral range, east to Yenisei River [Mikhailov, 1997; Logunov & Marusik, 2000; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Macaroeris nidicolens (Walckenaer, 1802) RECORDS. Akhali Atoni; Sukhum [Mcheidze, 1964, 1997 sub Dendryphantes; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].
MATERIAL. 1 (CP-17.21.1/18) [02]; 4 , 1 (TNU-2639/ 23) [39]; 1 (TNU-2643/3) [44]; 2 , 3 (TNU-2644/20) [45].

DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Logunov & Marusik, 2000; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Evarcha arcuata (Clerck, 1757) RECORDS. Sukhum [Spassky, 1937; Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].


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M.M. Kovblyuk, Y.M. Marusik, A.V. Ponomarev, V.A. Gnelitsa, A.A. Nadolny

Figs 1115. Male of Hoplopholcus longipes: 11 femur I; 12 chelicerae, frontal view; 13 palp, dorsal view; 14 palp, retrolateral view; 15 palp, prolateral view. Рис. 1115. Самец Hoplopholcus longipes: 11 бедро I; 12 хелицеры, фронтально; 13 пальпа, дорсально; 14 пальпа, ретролатерально; 15 пальпа, пролатерально.


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Figs 1619. Epigyne of Hoplopholcus longipes: 16 ventral view; 17 dorsal view; 18 caudal view; 19 frontal view. Рис. 1619. Эпигина Hoplopholcus longipes: 16 вентрально; 17 дорсально; 18 сзади; 19 спереди.

Figs 2022. Male palp of Hoplopholcus longipes: 20 retrolateral view; 21 dorsal view; 22 prolateral view. Рис. 2022. Пальпа самца Hoplopholcus longipes: 20 ретролатерально; 21 дорсально; 22 пролатерально.


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M.M. Kovblyuk, Y.M. Marusik, A.V. Ponomarev, V.A. Gnelitsa, A.A. Nadolny

Figs 2328. Detailes of male palp of Hoplopholcus longipes: 23 bulbus, prolateral view; 24 bulbus, ventral view; 25 bulbus, retrolateral view; 26 apical part of palp, retrolateral view; 27 apical part of palp, dorsal view; 28 apical part of palp, prolateral view. Рис. 2328. Детали стрения пальпы самца Hoplopholcus longipes: 23 бульбус, пролатерально; 24 бульбус, вентрально; 25 бульбус, ретролатерально; 26 апикальная часть пальпы, ретролатерально; 27 апикальная часть пальпы, дорсально; 28 апикальная часть пальпы, пролатерально. MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2636/53) [36]; 1 (TNU-2651/46) [ 55].

Marpissa nivoyi (Lucas, 1846)
MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2651/39) [55]; 5 (TNU-2653/47) [56].

DISTRIBUTION. West Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Marpissa muscosa (Clerck, 1757) DISTRIBUTION. West Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Logunov & Marusik, 2000; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010].
MATERIAL. 1 (YMC) [25]; 1 (CP) [60].

DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Mendoza canestrinii (Ninni, 1868) RECORDS. Gagra [Simon, 1899 and Verzhbitsky,


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Figs 2934. Epigyne of Hoplopholcus longipes: 29 ventral view; 30 dorsal part of epigyne, ventral view; 31 ventral part of epigyne, ventral view; 32 dorsal part of epigyne, dorsal view; 33 ventral part of epigyne, dorsal view; 34 ventral part of epigyne, caudal view. Рис. 2934. Эпигина Hoplopholcus longipes: 29 вентрально; 30 дорсальная часть эпигины, вентрально; 31 вентральная часть эпигины, вентрально; 32 дорсальная часть эпигины, дорсально; 33 вентральная часть эпигины, дорсально; 34 вентральная часть эпигины, сзади.

1902 sub Hyctia; Charitonov, 1932 and Mcheidze, 1997 sub Mithion; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral-subtropical range [Mikhailov, 1997; Logunov & Marusik, 2000; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010].

Menemerus semilimbatus (Hahn, 1829) RECORDS. Gudauta; Sukhum [Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].


44

M.M. Kovblyuk, Y.M. Marusik, A.V. Ponomarev, V.A. Gnelitsa, A.A. Nadolny DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Logunov & Marusik, 2000; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Pseudeuophrys erratica (Walckenaer, 1826) RECORDS. Gagra Distr.: SW slope of Mandizyzkho [=Mamdzyshkha] Mt., 1400 m a.s.l. [Logunov & Guseinov, 2002; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].
MATERIAL. 2 (TNU-2652/6) [54].

DISTRIBUTION. West Palaearctic nemoral range and Argentina [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Menemerus taeniatus (L. Koch, 1867) RECORDS. Sukhum [Spassky, 1937 and Mcheidze, 1997 sub M. parietinus Spasski, 1934; Prуszyсski, 1979; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Mediterranean to Caucasus; Argentina [Mikhailov, 1997; Logunov & Marusik, 2000; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Myrmarachne formicaria (De Geer, 1778) RECORDS. Sukhum Distr. [Spassky, 1937; Mcheidze, 1997; Logunov & Guseinov, 2002; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].
MATERIAL. 3 (YMC) [10]; 1 , 1 (YMC) [12]; 3 (CP-17.11.1/15) [29]; 1 (CP-17.11.1/14) [30]; 1 (TNU-2515/ 4) [31]; 1 (TNU-2639/17) [39]; 1 (TNU-2653/48) [56]. MATERIAL. 2 , 1 (YMC) [06]; 2 (YMC) [08]; 2 (CP) [52].

MATERIAL. 2 (YMC) [10]; 2 , 1 (TNU-2636/57) [36]; 2 , 3 (TNU-2639/24) [39]; 1 (TNU-2640/8) [40]; 1 (TNU-2644/24) [45]; 1 (TNU-2645/2) [46]; 1 (TNU-2646/1) [47]; 1 (CP) [52]; 2 , 7 (TNU-2651/43) [55]; 2 (CP) [62]

DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Logunov & Marusik, 2000; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Pseudicius encarpatus (Walckenaer, 1802)

DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic disjuctive nemoral range (absent between Caucasus and Far East), USA (introduced) [Mikhailov, 1997; Logunov & Marusik, 2000; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Neon levis (Simon, 1871) RECORDS. Abkhazia unspecified [Logunov & Guseinov, 2002; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. West-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Logunov & Marusik, 2000; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Neon reticulatus (Blackwall, 1853)
MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2515/1) [31]; 1 (TNU-2513/1) [32]; 3 , 6 (TNU-2639/27) [39]; 5 (TNU-2644/22) [45]; 2 (TNU-2651/41) [55]. MATERIAL. 1 , 3 (TNU-2639/26) [39]; 5 (TNU2651/40) [55]; 2 (TNU-2653/51) [56].

DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Logunov & Marusik, 2000; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Salticus mutabilis Lucas, 1846 RECORDS. Kelasur, Sukhum [Mcheidze, 1964, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Mediterranean and Caucasus; Argentina [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Sitticus relictarius Logunov, 1998 DISTRIBUTION. Caucasus and Iran [Mikhailov, 1997; Platnick, 2010]. Talavera aequipes (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1871)
MATERIAL. 8 , 37 (TNU-2641/21) [41]; 2 , 2 (TNU-2652/7) [54]. MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2644/25) [45]. MATERIAL. 1 (YMC) [06]; 1 (CP) [52].

MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2651/42) [55].

DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic West Nearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Logunov & Marusik, 2000; Marusik et al., 2000; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Phintella castriesiana (Grube, 1861)
MATERIAL. 1 (YMC) [14]; 1 (YMC) [19]; 1 (YMC) [21]; 1 (TNU-2636/58) [36]; 1 (TNU-2639/18) [39]; 1 (TNU-2644/18) [45]; 3 (TNU-2651/38) [55]; 1 (TNU-2653/ 46) [56].

DISTRIBUTION. Palaearctic boreo-nemoral range, east to Lena River [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Talavera aperta (Miller, 1971) DISTRIBUTION. Palaearctic nemoral range, from France east to Transbaikalia [Mikhailov, 1997; Logunov & Marusik, 2000; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. SCYTODIDAE (1 genus and 1 species) Scytodes thoracica (Latreille, 1802)
MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2636/59) [36].

DISTRIBUTION. Palaearctic nemoral disjunctive range, it is absent between Caucasus and Far East [Mikhailov, 1997; Logunov & Marusik, 2000; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Phlegra fasciata (Hahn, 1826) RECORDS. Sukhum [Mcheidze, 1964, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].

RECORDS. Sukhum, Kelasur [Spassky, 1937; Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].


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Figs 3538. Epigynes of Pisaura species, ventral view: 3536 P. mirabilis from Kyiv Area of Ukraine; 3738 ? P. novicia from Abkhazia. Рис. 3538. Эпигины двух видов Pisaura, вентрально: 3536 P. mirabilis из Киевской области Украины; 3738 ? P. novicia из Абхазии.


46

M.M. Kovblyuk, Y.M. Marusik, A.V. Ponomarev, V.A. Gnelitsa, A.A. Nadolny to Sicily and Crete [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Metellina mengei (Blackwall, 1869)
MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2640/16) [40]; 2 (TNU-2641/4) [41]; 1 , 1 (TNU-2643/4) [44].

DISTRIBUTION. Holarctic n emoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. SEGESTRIIDAE (1 genus and 3 species) Segestria bavarica C.L. Koch, 1843 RECORDS. Gudauta, Sukhum, Ochamchyra, Kodor [Spassky, 1937; Dunin, 1986; Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. West Palaearctic nemoral range: from Portugal east to Caucasus, and from Sweden south to Sicily and Crete [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Segestria florentina (Rossi, 1790) RECORDS. Akhali Atoni, Gagra, Sukhum, Kelasur, Ochamchyra [Spasski, 1937; Dunin, 1986 Mcheidze, 1964, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. West Palaearctic nemoral range: from Portugal east to Caucasus, and from Britain south to Sicily and Crete [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Segestria senoculata (Linnaeus, 1758) RECORDS. Gagra Distr.: Chamkhona Cave near of Zhove-Kvara River [Lyovushkin, 1966].

MATERIAL. 1 , 2 (YMC) [08]; 2 (YMC) [24]; 1 (TNU-2636/28) [36]; 1 (TNU-2647/4) [48]; 1 (CP) [52]; 1 (TNU-2651/3) [55].

DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral range: from Portugal east to Ob River in West Siberia [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Metellina merianae (Scopoli, 1763) RECORDS. Sukhum Distr.: Adzaba Cave [Charitonov, 1936, 1939, 1941 sub Meta]; Cave Adzhaba, Cave Kelasur [Charitonov, 1947]; Gudauta Distr.: Tarkily; Sukhum Distr.: Eshera [Dzhanashvili, 1965 and Mcheidze, 1964, 1997 sub Meta; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].

MATERIAL. 1 (YMC) [06]; 30 (YMC) [08]; 3 (YMC) [10]; 3 (CP) [59].

MATERIAL. 1 (YMC) [21]; 10 (YMC) [23]; 2 , 22 (TNU-2636/6) [36]; 1 , 5 (TNU-2639/5) [39]; 1 (CP) [53]; 8 , 27 (TNU-2651/54) [55]; 1 (TNU-2653/19) [56]; 5 (CP) [62].

DISTRIBUTION. European nemoral range: from Portugal east to Ural [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Metellina segmentata (Clerck, 1757) RECORDS. Sukhum [Mcheidze, 1997 sub Meta; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].

DISTRIBUTION. West Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. SPARASSIDAE (1 genus and 1 species) Micrommata virescens (Clerck, 1757) RECORDS. All sea coast [Wagner, 1896 sub Drassus virescens]; Gulripsh Distr., Tsebelda [Simon 1899, Verzhbitsky, 1902; Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]; Sukhum [Spassky, 1937]. DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. TETRAGNATHIDAE (4 genera and 8 species) Meta bourneti Simon, 1922 RECORDS. Sukhum Distr.: Adhzaba Cave, Eshera; Gulripsh Distr.: Kelasur [Charitonov, 1936, 1939, 1941, 1947; Dzhanashvili, 1965; Mcheidze, 1964, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. West Palaearctic nemoral range: from Portugal east to Caucasus, and from Britain south
MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2636/33) [36].

MATERIAL. 2 (TNU-2636/29) [36]; 1 (TNU-2639/10) [39]; 4 sad. (TNU-2652/3) [54]; 1 (TNU-2653/20) [56].

DISTRIBUTION. West-Palaearctic nemoral range, and Canada (introduced) [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Pachygnatha degeeri Sundevall, 1830 RECORDS. Eshera, Sukhum [Spassky, 1937; Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palae arctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Tetragnatha montana Simon, 1874 RECORDS. Akhali Atoni, Sukhum [Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Tetragnatha nigrita Lendl, 1886 RECORDS. Gudauta; Gulripsh; Sukhum [Spassky, 1937; Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palae arctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010].
MATERIAL. 1 (CP-38.12.1/10) [03]. MATERIAL. 100 , 117 (TNU-2653/33) [56].

MATERIAL. 2 (ZMMU) [33]; 1 (TNU-2639/6) [39]; 1 (TNU-2644/12) [45]; 1 (CP) [60].


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Figs. 3943. Epigynes of Pisaura species, dorsal view: 3940 P. mirabilis from Kyiv Area of Ukraine; 41 ? P. novicia from Abkhazia; 42 schematic course of spermathecae duct traectory of P. mirabilis from Kyiv Area of Ukraine; 43 schematic course of spermathecae duct traectory of ? P. novicia from Abkhazia. Рис. 3943. Эпигины двух видов Pisaura, дорсально: 3940 P. mirabilis из Киевской области Украины; 41 ? P. novicia из Абхазии; 42 схема траектории каналов сперматеки P. mirabilis из Киевской области Украины; 43 схема траектории каналов сперматеки ? P. novicia из Абхазии.


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M.M. Kovblyuk, Y.M. Marusik, A.V. Ponomarev, V.A. Gnelitsa, A.A. Nadolny Tetragnatha obtusa C.L. Koch, 1837 Episinus maculipes Cavanna, 1876
MATERIAL. 2 (TNU-2651/17) [55]; 3 (TNU-2653/ 57) [56].

RECORDS. Sukhum, Kelasur, [Mcheidze, 1964, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. THERIDIIDAE (20 genera and 31 species) Anelosimus pulchellus (Walckenaer, 1802) RECORDS. Akhali Atoni, Sukhum [Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. West Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Asagena phalerata (Panzer, 1801)
MATERIAL. 5 , 27 (TNU-2652/22) [54]; 1 (CP) [62]; 1 (CP) [63].

DISTRIBUTION. Mediterranean-Crimean-Caucasian range [Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Episinus truncatus Latreille, 1809

RECORDS. Sukhum Distr.: Adzaba Cave, Eshera; Gulripsh Distr.: Kelasur [Charitonov, 1936, 1939, 1941, 1947; Spassky, 1937; Dzhanashvili, 1965; Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].
MATERIAL. 2 (YMC) [22]; 1 (TNU-2514/2) [32]; 2 , 2 (TNU-2636/64) [36]; 2 (TNU-2644/33) [45]; 14 , 10 (TNU-2651/18) [55]; 6 , 8 (TNU-2653/58) [56].

DISTRIBUTION. West Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Euryopis flavomaculata (C.L. Koch, 1836)

DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Crustulina guttata (Wider, 1834)
MATERIAL. 8 , 10 (YMC) [07]; 11 (YMC) [10]; 1 (YMC) [11]; 55 (YMC) [12]; 1 , 3 (TNU-2653/55) [56].

DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palae arctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Neottiura bimaculata (Linne, 1767)
MATERIAL. 2 (TNU-2636/68) [36]; 5 (TNU-2652/24) [54]; 1 (TNU-2651/20) [55].

MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2514/5) [32].

DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Cryptachaea riparia (Blackwall, 1834) DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Dipoena melanogaster (C.L. Koch, 1837)
MATERIAL. 2 , 1 (TNU-2639/47) [39]; 2 (TNU2653/53) [56]. MATERIAL. 10 (TNU-2653/64) [56].

DISTRIBUTION. Circum-Holarctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Marusik et al., 2000; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Paidiscura pallens (Blackwall, 1834) DISTRIBUTION. West Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Parasteatoda lunata (Clerck, 1757) RECORDS. Sukhum [Mcheidze, 1964, Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Parasteatoda simulans (Thorell, 1875)
MATERIAL. 4 (CP-21.10.27/9) [51]; 1 (CP) [53]; 4 , 17 (TNU-2653/65) [56]. MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2646/2) [47]; 1 (TNU-2651/14) [55]. MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2639/50) [39].

DISTRIBUTION. West Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Enoplognatha ovata (Clerck, 1757) RECORDS. Sukhum [Mcheidze, 1997 sub Theridium; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].

MATERIAL. 2 , 1 (CP-21.10.2/16) [02]; (TNU-2636/62) [36]; 5 (TNU-2639/43) [39]; 2640/14) [40]; 2 , 6 (TNU-2644/32) [45]; (TNU-2651/16) [55]; 4 , 13 (TNU-2653/56)

DISTRIBUTION. West Palaearctic and Nearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Enoplognatha quadripunctata Simon, 1884 DISTRIBUTION. Mediterranean-Caucasian range: from Portugal east to Azerbaijan [Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010].
MATERIAL. 1 (CP) [62].

6 , 2 1 (TNU2 , 4 [56].

DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Parasteatoda tabulata (Levi, 1980) DISTRIBUTION. Holarctic n emoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010].
MATERIAL. 1 , 1 (TNU-2647/1) [48].


Spiders of Abkhazia Parasteatoda tepidariorum (C.L. Koch, 1841) RECORDS. Akhali Atoni, Sukhum [Spassky, 1937 sub Theridium; Mcheidze, 1964, 1997 and Otto & Dietzold, 2006 sub Achaearanea].
MATERIAL. 1 (YMC) [18]; 17 , 15 (TNU-2636/60) [36]; 2 (TNU-2638/3) [38]; 6 , 5 (TNU-2639/45) [39]; 1 , 2 (TNU-2640/13) [40]; 1 , 5 (TNU-2644/34) [45]; 11 , 11 (TNU-2651/15) [55]; 1 , 7 (CP) [62].

49

DISTRIBUTION. C ircum-Holarctic polyzonal range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Steatoda bipunctata (Linnaeus, 1758) DISTRIBUTION. Holarctic (East Nearctic-TransPalaearctic) nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Marusik et al., 2000; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Steatoda paykulliana (Walckenaer, 1805) RECORDS. Gagra, Sukhum [Simon, 1899; Verzhbitsky, 1902 and Mcheidze, 1964, 1997 all sub Lithyphantes; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Steatoda triangulosa (Walckenaer, 1802) RECORDS. Sukhum [Spassky, 1937; Mcheidze, 1964, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].
MATERIAL. 1 (YMC) [06]; 2 (TNU-2638/4) [38]; 4 (TNU-2647/2) [48]; 2 (CP-21.14.2/10) [50]; 2 (CP-21.14.2/ 9) [51]; 1 (CP) [52]; 5 (CP) [53]; 3 , 3 (CP) [59]. MATERIAL. 2 , 5 (TNU-2652/23) [54].

DISTRIBUTION. Cosmopolitan [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Phoroncidia minuta (Spassky, 1932) RECORDS. Gagra, Kelasur [Mcheidze, 1964, 1997 sub Ulesania; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Caucasus: from Krasnodar Area (Khosta) east to Azerbaijan [Spassky, 1932, 1937; Logunov & Marusik, 1992; Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Phylloneta impressa (C.L. Koch, 1881) RECORDS. Sukhum [Spassky, 1937 and Mcheidze, 1997 sub Theridium; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. H olarctic polyzonal range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Platnickia tincta (Walckenaer, 1802) RECORDS. Sukhum [Spassky, 1937 sub Theridium; Mcheidze, 1997 sub Theridium; Otto & Dietzold, 2006 sub Keijia].
MATERIAL. 2 , 4 (TNU-2652/25) [54]. MATERIAL. 2 (TNU-2651/19) [55].

MATERIAL. 2 (CP-21.13.3/8) [03]; 1 (YMC) [06]; 1 (CP-21.13.3/12) [09]; 1 (YMC) [20]; 3 (TNU-2636/41) [36]; 1 (CP) [52]; 1 (CP) [53].

DISTRIBUTION. Cosmopolitan [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Theridion cinereum Thorell, 1875

DISTRIBUTION. West Palaearctic Nearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Robertus mediterraneus Eskov, 1987 DISTRIBUTION. Mediterranean-Caucasian range: from France east to Caucasus [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Rhomphaea hyrcana (Logunov & Marusik, 1990) DISTRIBUTION. Caucasus-Far East disjunctive range [Logunov & Marusik, 1990; Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Steatoda albomaculata (De Geer, 1778) RECORDS. Eshera, Sukhum, Kelasur [Mcheidze, 1964, 1997 sub Lithyphantes; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].
MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2653/54) [56]. MATERIAL. 4 , 1 (TNU-2639/49) [39].

MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2639/51) [39]; 1 (TNU-2651/21) [55]; 2 , 3 (TNU-2653/60) [56].

RECORDS. Gudauta [Mcheidze, 1946, 1997 sub Theridium; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. East Mediterranean and Caucasus: from the Balkans east to Azerbaijan, north to Austria and south to Turkey [Marusik et al., 2009]. Theridion pinastri L. Koch, 1872
MATERIAL. 1 , 1 (TNU-2639/48) [39]; 1 , 2 (TNU2653/61) [56].

DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Theridion varians Hahn, 1833
MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2638/5) [38]; 1 , 6 (TNU-2639/ 42) [39]; 1 (TNU-2652/26) [54]; 1 , 1 (TNU-2651/22) [55]; 6 (TNU-2653/59) [56].

DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic - West-Nearctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Marusik et al., 2000; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Theridula gonygaster (Simon, 1873) RECORDS. Sukhum [Marusik, 1989].
MATERIAL. 2 (TNU-2653/81) [56].


50

M.M. Kovblyuk, Y.M. Marusik, A.V. Ponomarev, V.A. Gnelitsa, A.A. Nadolny Ozyptila atomaria (Panzer, 1801) DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Ozyptila trux (Blackwall, 1846) DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range and Canada (introduced) [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Pistius truncatus (Pallas, 1772) RECORDS. Sukhum [Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. West Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Runcinia grammica (C.L. Koch, 1837) RECORDS. Sukhum [Spassky, 1937 sub R. lateralis C.L. Koch], Eshera, Ritsa Lake [Mcheidze, 1997 sub R. lateralis; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range, St. Helena, South Africa [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Synema caucasicum Utochkin, 1960 RECORDS. Sukhum [Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. West Caucasus [Mikhailov, 1997; Platnick, 2010]. NOTE. Status of species is not clear. Synema globosum (Fabricius, 1775) RECORDS. Gulripsh Distr., Tsebelda [Verzhbitsky, 1902]; Sukhum [Spassky, 1937], Dranda, Gudauta, Gulripsh, Sukhum [Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Thomisus onustus Walckenaer, 1805 RECORDS. Ritsa Lake, Sukhum [Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. West-Central Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010].
MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2653/18) [56]. MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2652/12) [54]. MATERIAL. 2 , 2 (YMC) [27].

DISTRIBUTION. Cosmopolitan [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Theridula opulenta (Walckenaer, 1842) RECORDS. Gagra, Sukhum [Mcheidze, 1964, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Cosmopolitan [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Yaginumena maculosa (Yoshida et Ono, 2000) RECORDS. Pitsunda [Marusik et al., 2004; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Caucasus and Japan disjunctive range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. THERIDIOSOMATIDAE (1 genus and 1 species) Theridiosoma gemmosum (L. Koch, 1877) DISTRIBUTION. East Nearctic and West Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. THOMISIDAE (10 genera and 20 species) Cozyptila guseinovorum Marusik et Kovblyuk, 2005 RECORDS. Gagra Distr.: Gegha River [Kovblyuk & Ponomarev, 2008].
MATERIAL. 6 (TNU-2651/23) [55].

MATERIAL. 7 , 1 (TNU-2636/34) [36]; 1 (TNU2653/15) [56].

MATERIAL. 1 (YMC) [24]; 1 (TNU-2514/1) [32]; 6 (TNU-2636/32) [36]; 1 (TNU-2639/40) [39]; 3 (TNU-2644/ 5) [45]; 1 (TNU-2651/5) [55]; 8 (TNU-2653/6) [56].

DISTRIBUTION. Turkey, Crimea and Caucasus [Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Ebrechtella tricuspidata (Fabricius, 1775)

RECORDS. Gagra; Sukhum [Spassky, 1937 sub Misumena; Mcheidze, 1997 and Otto & Dietzold, 2006 sub Misumenops]. DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Misumena vatia (Clerck, 1757) RECORDS. Sukhum [Spassky, 1937; Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].
MATERIAL. 1 (CP-19.17.1/14) [02]; 2 (TNU-2639/ 39) [39]; 1 (TNU-2640/10) [40]; 1 (TNU-2643/1) [44]; 2 , 1 (TNU-2644/7) [45]; 2 (TNU-2652/8) [54]; 2 , 1 (TNU-2653/13) [56]. MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2639/38) [39]; 1 (CP-19.18.1/12) [49]; 1 (TNU-2653/16) [56].

MATERIAL. 1 (CP-19.19.1/7) [02]; 2 (CP-19.19.1/9) [29]; 2 , 2 (TNU-2636/36) [36]; 1 , 2 (TNU-2639/41) [39]; 1 (CP) [61].

DISTRIBUTION. C ircum-Holarctic polyzonal range [Mikhailov, 1997; Marusik et al., 2000; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010].


Spiders of Abkhazia Tmarus horvathi Kulczyсski, 1895 DISTRIBUTION. Palaearctic disjunctive nemoral range, it is unknown between Caucasus and Far East [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Tmarus stellio Simon, 1875 RECORDS. Sukhum [Spassky, 1937; Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Mediterranean and Caucasus: from Spain east to Caucasus [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Xysticus acerbus Thorell, 1872 RECORDS. Gulripsh Distr.: Tsebelda [Simon, 1899; Verzhbitsky, 1902; Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. West Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Xysticus cristatus (Clerck, 1757) RECORDS. Gulripsh, Sukhum [Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Xysticus kochi abchasicus Mcheidze et Utochkin, 1971* RECORDS. Sukhum Distr.: Kelasur [Mcheidze, Utochkin, 1971; Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. NOTE. Probably it can be considered as a separate species, but not a subspecies. DISTRIBUTION. West Caucasus [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Xysticus laetus Thorell, 1875 RECORDS. Sukhum [Logunov, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Wide Mediterranean: from Italy east to Caucasus and Iran [Logunov, 2006]. Xysticus lanio C.L. Koch, 1835 RECORDS. Kelasur [Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].
MATERIAL. 1 (CP-19.20.2/1) [03]; 1 (CP-19.20.2/2) [05]; 1 (TNU-2639/37) [39]; 2 (TNU-2653/14) [56]. MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2636/35) [36].

51

DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Xysticus spasskyi Utochkin, 1968
MATERIAL. 2 , 1 (TNU-2641/8) [41]; 2 (TNU2652/10) [54].

DISTRIBUTION. Crimea and Caucasian range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Xysticus ukrainicus Utochkin, 1968

MATERIAL. 1 (CP-19.10.10/3) [02]; 2 , 1 (TNU2641/9) [41]; 1 (TNU-2651/26) [55].

DISTRIBUTION. Crimea and Caucasian range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. NOTE. Records from Slovakia and Russian Plain [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010] are doubtful. ULOBORIDAE (2 genera and 3 species) Hyptiotes flavidus (Blackwall, 1862) RECORDS. Sukhum, Kelasur [Mcheidze, 1997 and Otto & Dietzold, 2006 sub H. gerhardti Wiehle, 1929]. DISTRIBUTION. Balkans (Greece) and Caucasus [Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. ? Hyptiotes paradoxus (C.L. Koch, 1834)
MATERIAL. 1 (YMC) [22]; 1 (YMC) [28].

RECORDS. Sukhum [Spassky, 1937; Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic boreo-nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. NOTE. Probably records of this species from Abkhazia are based on misidentifications and refer to H. flavidus. Uloborus walckenaerius (Latreille, 1806) RECORDS. Sukhum [Spassky, 1937; Mcheidze, 1964, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006]. DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palae arctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. ZODARIIDAE (1 genus and 1 species) Zodarion abantense Wunderlich, 1979 RECORDS. Pitsunda, Sukhum [Marusik, 2005; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].

DISTRIBUTION. Palaearctic nemoral range, it is distributed west of Lena River [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Xysticus luctator L. Koch, 1870
MATERIAL. 4 (CP-19.10.20/16) [05].

MATERIAL. 1 (TNU-2636/37) [36]; 1 (TNU-2653/17) [56].

MATERIAL. 1 (YMC) [06]; 35 (YMC) [10]; 11 (YMC) [12]; 4 (YMC) [17]; 14 (YMC) [24]; 1 (CP) [62].

DISTRIBUTION. Turkey and West Caucasus [Mikhailov, 1997; Platnick, 2010].


52

M.M. Kovblyuk, Y.M. Marusik, A.V. Ponomarev, V.A. Gnelitsa, A.A. Nadolny ZORIDAE (1 genus and 2 species) Zora armillata Simon, 1878 (203 species). Caucasian species are represented by 12 % (33 species), but this figure will be higher thanks to unidentified species (see Table 1). The overage value of endemic species in Caucasus is 22% [Marusik et al., 2006]. Also, the Ancient Mediterranean species represent an important chorological element: 8.5% (24 species). Six species have disjunctive ranges (they are unknown between Caucasus and Far East). 6% or 17 species have small-scale ranges around Caucasus (Crimea-Caucasus, Turkey-Caucasus, Crimea-Turkey-Caucasus, Turkey-Caucasus-Middle Asian Mts.-Iran, Iran-Caucasus, Crimea-Caucasus-Iran-Middle Asian Mts.). Occurrence of additional families in Abkhazia is not very likely, although there are some possibilities to found there. For example, Selenopidae (Selenops radiatus Latreille, 1819 is widespread in Mediterranean Region including Anatolia) and Anapidae (Comaromma simoni Bertkau, 1889, is widespread in Europe, although absent in Bulgaria, or Zangrella apuliae (Caporiacco, 1949) which is known from Italy to Anatolia). Records of numerous genera and species are very likely. We expect occurrence of the following genera and species (these taxa are known in neighbouring territories): Gnaphosidae Callilepis Westring, 1874 (12 species), Parasyrisca Schenkel, 1963 (12 species), Micaria (not fewer than 5 species); Dictynidae more Dictyna species, Lathys Simon, 1884 (not fewer than 2 species), Nigma Lehtinen, 1967 (12 species); Linyphiidae several dozens species; Philodromidae Thanatus C.L. Koch, 1837 (24 species), Tibellus Simon, 1875 (12 species) and more Philodromus species; Pholcidae Spermophora senoculta (Duges, 1836); Salticidae Dendryphantes C.L. Koch, 1837, Pellenes Simon, 1876, Philaeus Thorell, 1869, Synageles Simon, 1876, more Heliophanus, Salticus and Sitticus species; Tetrgnathidae Pachygnatha listeri Sundevall, 1830, Tetragnatha extensa (Linnaeus, 1757), T. pinicola L. Koch, 1870; Theridiidae Coscinida tibialis Simon, 1895, Lasaeola Simon, 1881, Pholcomma gibbium (Westring, 1851); Zodariidae more Zodarion species.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. M.K. provides many thanks to R.S. Dbar (Sukhum, Abkhazia) for a lot of logistic help in expeditions in Abkhazia in 20082009, and N.N. Yunakov (St. Petersburg, Russia), A.A. Khaustov (Yalta, Ukraine), O.S. Bezman-Moseyko and E.G. Sergeeva (both St-Petersburg, Russia) for the help during the expedition in 2008. Authors sincerely thank T. Blick (Hummeltal, Germany), K.G. Mikhailov (Moscow, Russia) and S. Otto (Wuerzburg, Germany) and other colleagues for their great help in the search of the relevant references. We are deeply obliged to Yu.G. Arzanov, P.P. Ivliev and E.A. Khachikov (all from Rostov-on-Don, Russia), A.A. Khaustov, A. Shavlokhov (Gagra, Abkhazia) and N.N. Yunakov for providing specimens collected in Abkhazia. We sincerely thank P.E. Goldin (Simferopol) who improved the English of the earlier draft and S. Otto for some important remarks and corrections. English of the final draft was checked by R. Leech (Edmonton, Canada).

DISTRIBUTION. West and Central Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Zora spinimana (Sundevall, 1833) DISTRIBUTION. Trans-Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. ZOROPSIDAE (1 genus and 1 species) Zoropsis spinimana (Dufour, 1820) RECORDS. Sukhum, Kelasur [Marusik, Kovblyuk, 2004; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].
MATERIAL. 8 (TNU-2653/11) [56].

MATERIAL. 1 (ZMMU) [09].

MATERIAL. 2 , 6 (YMC) [06]; 1 , 3 (YMC) [08]; 1 , 1 (YMC) [12]; 1 , 1 (YMC) [24]; 1 (YMC) [26]; 1 (YMC) [28].

DISTRIBUTION. Mediterranean; introduced in Caucasus (Sochi and Sukhum) and USA [Marusik, Kovblyuk, 2005; Marusik, 2005; Ponomarev, 2009; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. ZYGIELLIDAE (2 genera and 2 species) Parazygiella montana (C.L. Koch, 1834) DISTRIBUTION. West Palaearctic nemoral range [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010]. Zygiella x-notata (Clerck, 1757) RECORDS. Sukhum [Spassky, 1937 sub Zilla; Mcheidze, 1997; Otto & Dietzold, 2006].
MATERIAL. 2 , 4 (TNU-2652/18) [54].

DISTRIBUTION. West Palaearctic; amphi-Nearctic and Neotropical (introduced) [Mikhailov, 1997; Helsdingen, 2010; Platnick, 2010].

MATERIAL. 1, 1 (YMC) [08]; 1 , 2 (YMC) [16]; 1 (YMC) [18]; 4 (YMC) [25]; 1 (YMC) [26]; 1 (CP-27.12.4/ 1) [51].

Conclusions
According to literature data and material presented here, the known spider fauna of Abkhazia includes at least 283 species (Table 1) in comparison to 153 known before 2010. Eleven additional families and 130 species have been found new to Abkhazia. In the material collected by us in Abkhazia, there are several dozens species identified to genus or even family level only. This fact clearly indicates that species diversity in Abkhazia is much higher. Identified species can be split into 12 chorological groups (Table 2). Widely distributed species (Cosmopolitan, Holarctic, Palaearctic) compose more than 70%


Spiders of Abkhazia

53

Table 1. List of families found in Abkhazia and their species richness. Таблица 1. Список семейств, выявленных в Абхазии, и их видовое богатство.

Families 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42
*

Agelenidae Amaurobiidae Anyphaenidae Araneidae Atypidae Cheiracanthiidae Clubionidae Coelotidae Corinnidae Cybaeidae Dictynidae Dysderidae Filistatidae Gnaphosidae Hahniidae Leptonetidae Linyphiidae Liocranidae Lycosidae Mimetidae Mysmenidae Nemesiidae Nesticidae Oecobiidae Oonopidae Oxyopidae Philodromidae Pholcidae Pisauridae Salticidae Scytodidae Segestriidae Sparassidae Tetragnathidae Theridiidae Theridiosomatidae Thomisidae Uloboridae Zodariidae Zoridae Zoropsidae Zygiellidae Total

Literature records 4 1 1 13 0 2 2 0 1 1 0 9 0 6 0 0 28 0 11 1 0 1 4 1 1 1 0 2 2 14 1 3 1 7 14 0 14 3 1 0 1 1 152

Number of identified species by present data 5 1 1 12 1 2 5 0 2 1 2 6 0 9 1 + 1* 1 58 1 26 2 1 1 0* 1 0 1 3 2 1 20 1 2 1 5 26 1 14 1 1 2 1 2 228

Total number 7 1 1 22 1 2 6 0 2 1 2 11 0 13 2 1 64 1 29 3 1 1 4 1 1 1 3 2 2 24 1 3 1 8 31 1 20 3 1 2 1 2 283

Number of unidentified species in collections 45 0 0 23 1 23 23 1 12 0 23 12 1 34 12 0 1015 0 57 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 12 1 0 45 0 0 0 23 78 0 57 0 1 12 0 0 6080

We collected some specimens of this family, but their identification is problematic before revision. genres Afropisaura and Pisaurellus (Araneae Pisauridae Pisaurinae) // Revue zool. afr. T.90. Fasc.4. P.917939. Brignoli P.M. 1978. Ragni di Turchia V. Specie nuove o interessanti, cavernicole ed epigee, di verie famiglie (Araneae) // Revue suisse Zool. T.85. Fasc.3. P.461541. Brignoli P.M. 1984. Zur Problematik der mediterranen PisauraArten (Arachnida, Araneae, Pisauridae) // Zool. Anz. Bd.213. Nr.1/2. S.3343. Buchar J. 1966. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Palдarktischen PirataArten (Araneae, Lycosidae) // Acta societatis zoologicae Bohemoslovacae. Svazek 30. Cislo 3. S.210218.

This work of M.K. was supported in part by the Karadag Nature Reserve and Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grants ## 09-04-90900 моб._снг_ст. and 09-04-01365_a).

References
Blandin P. 1976. Etudes sur les Pisauridae africaines VI. Definition des genres Pisaura Simon, 1885, Pisaurellus Roewer, 1961, Afropisaura n. gen. et mise au point sur les espиces des


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M.M. Kovblyuk, Y.M. Marusik, A.V. Ponomarev, V.A. Gnelitsa, A.A. Nadolny
Table 2. Distribution range composition of identified species in Abkhazia. Таблица 2. Ареалогический состав пауков в Абхазии (только идентифицированные виды).

Ranges Palaearctic (Trans-Palaearctic; West and Central Palaearctic; West Palaearctic; West Palaearctic and Kopetdagh Mt.) Caucasus (West Caucasus; Caucasus Major; Caucasus Major and Armenian Upland) Holarctic Ancient Mediterranean (Mediterranean-Caucasus ranges; ranges from Balkans to Kopetdagh and/or Middle Asia; East Europe-Balkans-Crimea-Caucasus; Mediterranean-Caucasus; Balkans-Turkey-Caucasus; Balkans-Caucasus) Cosmopolitan Crimea-Caucasus Disjunctive range: Europe and Caucasus - or Caucasus Far East Anatolia-Caucasus Crimea-Anatolia-Caucasus Anatolia-Caucasus-Middle Asian Mts.-Iran Iran-Caucasus Crimea-Caucasus-Iran-Middle Asian Mts. Total
Charitonov D.E. 1932. Katalog der Russischen spinnen. Leningrad: Academie des sciences de LURSS. Beilage zum Annuaire du Musйe Zoologique. Vol.32. 206 S [in German and Russian]. Charitonov D.E. 1936. [An addition to the catalogue of Russian spiders] // Uchenie zapiski Permskogo universiteta. T.2. No.1. P.167225 [in Russian]. Charitonov D.E. 1939. [On the cave spiders of Abkhazia] // Materialy k faune Abkhazii. Tbilisi: Gruzinskyi filial AN SSSR. P.197211 [in Russian]. Charitonov D.E. 1941. New materials of the Arachnoidea of Abkhasia caves // Trudy Zoologicheskogo instituta AN GSSR. T.4. P.165175 [in Russian]. Charitonov D.E. 1947. Biospeologica sovietica. VIII. Spiders and harvestspiders from the caves of the Black Sea Coast of the Caucasus // Bulleten Moskovskogo Obshchestva Ispytatelei Prirody. T.52. No.2. P.1528 [in Russian]. Dunin P.M. 1986. The spider family Segestriidae in the USSR fauna (Arachnida: Araneae: Haplogynae) // Senckenbergiana biol. Bd.66. H.4/6. P.327332. Dunin P.M. 1992a. [New spider species in the genus Harpactea in the Caucasus fauna (Aranei, Haplogynae, Dysderidae)] // Zool. zhurnal. T.71. No.1. P.5862 [in Russian]. Dunin P.M. 1992b. [The spider family Dysderidae of the Caucasian fauna (Arachnida, Aranei, Haplogynae)] // Arthropoda Selecta. Vol.1. No.3. P.3576 [in Russian]. Dzhanashvili R.A. 1965. [Some data on the cavernicolous fauna of Georgia] // Sbornik speleologicheskoy komissii Peshchery Gruzii. Akademia nauk Gruzinskoy SSR. T.3. P.2124 [in Russian]. Esyunin S.L., Efimik V.E. 1997. Remarks on the Ural spider fauna, 6. New data on the taxonomy and faunistics of gnaphosid spiders of the South Urals (Arachnida, Aranei, Gnaphosidae) // Arthropoda Selecta. Vol.5. No.34. P.105111. Esyunin S.L., Farzalieva G.Sh. 2002. Redescription of Tegenaria taurica Charitonov, 1947 (Aranei: Agelenidae) // Arthropoda Selecta. Vol.10. No.3. P.261263. Gorodkov K.B. 1984. [Types of ranges of insects inhabiting tundra and taiga zones of European part of USSR] // Insect ranges of the European part of USSR, Maps 179221. Leningrad: Nauka Press. P.320 [in Russian]. Helsdingen van P. 2010. Fauna Europaea: Araneae. Fauna Europaea version 2.2, . Koch L. 1878. Kaukasische Arachnoiden // Schneider O. (ed.). Naturwissenschaftliche Beitrдge zur Kenntniss der Kaukasuslander. Dresden: Verlag der Burdachschen Hofbuchhandlung. S.3671.

Number of identified species 162 33 32 24 9 7 6 3 2 2 2 1 283

% ~ 57.3 ~ 12 ~ 11 ~ 8.5 ~3 ~ 2.5 ~ 2.1 ~ 1.1 ~ 0.7 ~ 0.7 ~ 0.7 ~ 0.4 100

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Responsible editor K.G. Mikhailov