Документ взят из кэша поисковой машины. Адрес оригинального документа : http://eco.soil.msu.ru/norway/
Дата изменения: Sat Nov 12 21:41:14 2005
Дата индексирования: Mon Oct 1 23:38:56 2012
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Поисковые слова: norway
Norwegian-Russian cooperation in the border area

Norwegian-Russian cooperation in the border area


Participants

Short history

Expert groups

Terrestrial ecosystems

Research

Publications

Links

Environmental pollution and protection in the Norwegian-Russian border area are the main themes of research cooperation between the Soil Science Faculty of Moscow State University (MSU) and the Norwegian Forest Research Institute (NISK). This cooperation was supported by the NATO Networking Infrastructure grant (NIG 950469) and was continued within the frames of the NATO Linkage Grant (ENVIR.LG 960348).

The bilateral scientific cooperation between Norway and Russia was established in 1988, based on joint governmental agreement on environmental problems. In contact with the Expert Group on terrestrial ecosystems several research institutes of both countries take part in the all-round investigations in the border area since 1991.



Research cooperation includes regular meetings of Expert Group, a joint field excursions in the Pechenga-Pasvik region in 1991 and 1993, promoted exchange of scientists between Norway and Russia in 1993-1995, several studies in the border area, two joint symposiums in 1992 and 1994 and joint publications both in Proceedings from that meetings and international journals.


The joint research covers the severely damaged forest ecosystems on the northern borders of their natural distribution allocated over the north-western part of the Kola Peninsula (Russia) and north-eastern part of Norway. For more than 50 years this area has been subjected to the influence of the industrial emissions of non-ferrous metallurgical enterprise "Pechenganikel", Russia. Sulphur dioxide and heavy metal aerosols are the major components of the emissions of this enterprise - the 4th emitter of sulphur dioxide in Europe. Different stages of ecosystems damage are observed over some thousands of square kilometers of the area adjacent to the smelter. Signs of its impact on the environment can be identified at a distance of more than 50 km far from emission sources. The area can be considered as one of the most ecologically unfavorable in the northernmost Europe.

Earlier work in the border area has focussed on questions like how pollutants are affecting the terrestrial ecosystems: what are the most sensitive elements in the ecosystems; how far from emission sources are negative effects detectable; what areas are affected; how fast do changes occur.

During last years the efforts were concentrated on the following items:

Elaboration of the research aimed at improvement of ecosystems resistance and at biological diversity restoration form the basis for the nature conserving strategies of the future development of the Barents region.




Links:


Soil Science Faculty, Moscow State University, Russia soil.msu.ru/projects/acidification/
soil.msu.ru/projects/norway/link/
Norwegian Forest Research Institute, Norway www.skogforsk.no
Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway www.chem.ntnu.no
NORUT Information Technology Research Institute, Norway en.itek.norut.no
Norwegian Institute for Air Research www.nilu.no
Norwegian Institute for Water Research www.niva.no
Svanhovd Environmental Centre, Norway www.svanhovd.no
Institute of North Industrial Ecology Problems, KSC RAS, Russia www.kolaklub.com/am/ten/intro.htmm



The Norwegian Government, the State Pollution Control Authority of Norway, the European Environmental Research Organization and the Norwegian Forest Research Institute are acknowledged for their financial support during this study. Data and information are exchanged by use of the novel established computer network sponsored by a NATO Networking Infrastructure Grant.


Address of this page: http://soil.msu.ru/projects/norway/