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<body visibility="tracks-master" location="93 344" size="644 213" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="543 40" transformation="1 0 0 1 127.5 259"> <content font-color="1 0.0940471 0.0350606" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">(with some guidance from Zeldovich)</content> </textbox> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="3910" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st0.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="1 0.115802 0.033167" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard">Observational Signatures of the Dark Ages</content> </bullet> <bullet level="1" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="0 0 0.501961" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="28" font-name="Chalkboard">Peng Oh</content> </bullet> <bullet level="1" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="0.0443325 0.0429547 1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="28" font-name="Chalkboard">University of California, Santa Barbara</content> </bullet> <bullet level="1" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="28" font-name="Chalkboard"/> </bullet> <bullet level="1" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="0.0581883 0.239897 1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="28" font-name="Chalkboard">Moscow, Dec 21: Zeldovich 90</content> </bullet> </bullets> <background-fill-style byte-size="92677" fill-type="image" image-data="zeldovich_photo.jpg" image-scale="scale-to-fit"/> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-5"> <drawables> <title visibility="tracks-master" location="78 13" size="644 195" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <image byte-size="131700" display-name="zeldovich1.jpg" transformation="0.867359 0 0 0.867359 24 377" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="zeldovich1.jpg" natural-size="867 249"/> <image byte-size="42936" display-name="zeldovich2.jpg" transformation="1 0 0 1 28 217" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="zeldovich2.jpg" natural-size="743 143"/> <body visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="5970" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st1.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard">Zeldovich proposed 3 ways of looking for proto-galaxies...</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-2"> <drawables> <title visibility="tracks-master" location="-10 -28" size="820 156" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <textbox size="719 40" transformation="1 0 0 1 88 219"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">Radiative Transfer in a Clumpy, Dusty Medium</content> </textbox> <image byte-size="1962" display-name="image-31.pdf" transformation="1 0 0 1 35 224" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="image-31.pdf" natural-size="49 29"/> <image byte-size="2753" display-name="image-32.pdf" transformation="0.982759 0 0 0.982759 3.97414 299" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="image-32.pdf" natural-size="113 58"/> <textbox size="625 80" transformation="1 0 0 1 135 309"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">How Universal is the Gunn-Peterson Trough at z~6?</content> </textbox> <textbox size="798 120" transformation="1 0 0 1 1 108"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard"> <![CDATA[How I Learnt to Stop Worrying and Love the Lyman-Series: ]]> </content> </textbox> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="623 120" transformation="1 0 0 1 87.5 419"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard"> <![CDATA[Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect at high redshift 21cm emission at high redshift]]> </content> </textbox> <body visibility="hidden" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="8370" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st2.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard">...and so we obey: Talk Outline</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-6"> <drawables> <title visibility="tracks-master" location="78 162" size="644 216" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="254 31" transformation="1 0 0 1 541 560.5"> <content font-color="0.137255 0.752941 0.929412" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="24" font-name="Chalkboard">Oh & Furlanetto 2004</content> </textbox> <body visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="8370" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st19.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard">How universal is the Gunn-Peterson trough at z~6?</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-2"> <drawables> <title visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <body visibility="tracks-master" location="34 31" size="644 353" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <image byte-size="6202" display-name="image-34.pdf" transformation="1 0 0 1 577 181" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="image-34.pdf" natural-size="185 38"/> <textbox size="503 40" transformation="1 0 0 1 -27 244"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">Two arguments that </content> </textbox> <image byte-size="5337" display-name="image-35.pdf" transformation="1 0 0 1 390 249" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="image-35.pdf" natural-size="158 30"/> <textbox size="493 40" transformation="1 0 0 1 48 308"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">1) Small size of QSO HII regions </content> </textbox> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="256 31" transformation="1 0 0 1 542 312"> <content font-color="0 1 1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="24" font-name="Chalkboard">(Wyithe & Loeb 2004)</content> </textbox> <textbox size="387 191" transformation="1 0 0 1 38 394"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard"> <![CDATA[2) Indirect test for Gunn-Peterson damping wing: smooth rather than fluctuating opacity ]]> (Mesinger & Haiman 2004) </content> </textbox> <image byte-size="55052" display-name="final_spec.jpg" transformation="0.454064 0 0 0.454064 450 346" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="final_spec.jpg" natural-size="566 556"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="7752" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st4.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard">How neutral is the Universe at z~6?</content> </bullet> <bullet level="1" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-head-indent="9" paragraph-first-line-indent="9" tab-stops="L 44" font-size="28" font-name="Chalkboard">No flux in Ly-alpha, Ly-beta troughs: </content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-2"> <drawables> <title visibility="tracks-master" location="4 -3" size="738 209" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <image byte-size="165718" display-name="white_spectra.tiff" transformation="0.656146 0 0 0.656146 11 181" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="white_spectra.tiff" natural-size="800 602"/> <textbox size="240 240" transformation="1 0 0 1 544 189"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard"> <![CDATA[Transmission gaps or intervening galaxies?? ]]> </content> </textbox> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="154 23" transformation="1 0 0 1 543 560"> <content font-color="0 0 1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="18" font-name="Chalkboard">White et al 2003</content> </textbox> <textbox size="240 40" transformation="1 0 0 1 521 390"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard"> <![CDATA[ ]]> </content> </textbox> <textbox size="274 160" transformation="1 0 0 1 526 370"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">�??Lyman beta�?? only regions in SDSS J1148+5251--real or not? </content> </textbox> <body visibility="hidden" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="6360" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st21.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard">But how universal are the Gunn-Peterson troughs...?</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-2"> <drawables> <title visibility="tracks-master" location="51 -27" size="735 156" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <body visibility="tracks-master" location="78 293" size="644 353" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <image byte-size="146356" display-name="CIV whiteetal.jpg" transformation="0.451807 0 0 0.451807 60 89.9157" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="CIV%20whiteetal.jpg" natural-size="830 600"/> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="73 40" transformation="1 0 0 1 363.5 280"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">Text</content> </textbox> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="154 23" transformation="1 0 0 1 445 335"> <content font-color="0 0 1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="18" font-name="Chalkboard">White et al 2004</content> </textbox> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="7384" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st22.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard">The Case for an Interloper</content> </bullet> <bullet level="1" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-head-indent="9" paragraph-first-line-indent="9" tab-stops="L 44" font-size="28" font-name="Chalkboard">Ly-alpha emission + CIV absorption seen at z=4.94</content> </bullet> <bullet level="1" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-head-indent="9" paragraph-first-line-indent="9" tab-stops="L 44" font-size="28" font-name="Chalkboard"> <![CDATA[Flux seen in both Ly-alpha + Ly-beta troughs, but flux ratios wrong: too much flux seen in Ly-alpha trough]]> </content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-2"> <drawables> <title visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <image byte-size="8187" display-name="image-37.pdf" transformation="1 0 0 1 55 150" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="image-37.pdf" natural-size="456 82"/> <image byte-size="6931" display-name="image-38.pdf" transformation="1 0 0 1 69 259" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="image-38.pdf" natural-size="304 39"/> <image byte-size="7208" display-name="image-39.pdf" transformation="1 0 0 1 72 322" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="image-39.pdf" natural-size="383 39"/> <textbox size="702.5 80" transformation="1 0 0 1 47.5 380"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">Ratio reduced further by fluctuating radiation field, esp self-shielding systems</content> </textbox> <image byte-size="6276" display-name="image-40.pdf" transformation="1 0 0 1 153 473" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="image-40.pdf" natural-size="222 41"/> <textbox size="798 80" transformation="1 0 0 1 1 515"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">Error bars must include variance in foreground transmission </content> </textbox> <body visibility="hidden" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="8370" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st23.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard">Flux ratios are OK...</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-2"> <drawables> <title visibility="tracks-master" location="78 -6" size="644 156" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <body visibility="tracks-master" location="89 126" size="644 488" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="8372" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st24.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard">The Unjustly Neglected Lyman-Gamma Trough</content> </bullet> <bullet level="1" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-head-indent="9" paragraph-first-line-indent="9" tab-stops="L 44" font-size="28" font-name="Chalkboard">Absorption from Ly-alpha(z=5),Ly-beta(z=5.9), Ly-gamma(z=6.3)</content> </bullet> <bullet level="1" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-head-indent="9" paragraph-first-line-indent="9" tab-stops="L 44" font-size="28" font-name="Chalkboard">Can put bound on Ly-beta(z=5.9) from Ly-alpha(z=5.9)....</content> </bullet> <bullet level="1" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="1 0 0" paragraph-head-indent="9" paragraph-first-line-indent="9" tab-stops="L 44" font-size="28" font-name="Chalkboard"> <![CDATA[Lyman gamma trough should have minimal continuum contamination from interloper: flux absorbed by z=4.9 Ly-alpha forest]]> </content> </bullet> <bullet level="1" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="1 0 0" paragraph-head-indent="9" paragraph-first-line-indent="9" tab-stops="L 44" font-size="28" font-name="Chalkboard">Instead, find fluxes in Ly-gamma and beta troughs are comparable</content> </bullet> <bullet level="1" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-head-indent="9" paragraph-first-line-indent="9" tab-stops="L 44" font-size="28" font-name="Chalkboard">Transmission gap!!</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-3"> <drawables> <body visibility="tracks-master" location="80 1" size="639 598" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <image byte-size="5693" display-name="image-56.pdf" transformation="1 0 0 1 378 513" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="image-56.pdf" natural-size="230 38"/> <title visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="8370" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st9.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard"/> </bullet> <bullet level="1" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-head-indent="9" paragraph-first-line-indent="9" tab-stops="L 44" font-size="28" font-name="Chalkboard"> <![CDATA[Note: interloper can�??t cause reduced opacity in entire z~5 foreground patch: not bright enough.]]> </content> </bullet> <bullet level="1" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-head-indent="9" paragraph-first-line-indent="9" tab-stops="L 44" font-size="28" font-name="Chalkboard"> <![CDATA[ Strong correlation between Ly-beta and Ly-gamma transmission features---true transmission!]]> </content> </bullet> <bullet level="1" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-head-indent="9" paragraph-first-line-indent="9" tab-stops="L 44" font-size="28" font-name="Chalkboard">HST imaging shows point-like emission (White et al 2004)</content> </bullet> <bullet level="1" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-head-indent="9" paragraph-first-line-indent="9" tab-stops="L 44" font-size="28" font-name="Chalkboard">Strongest constraint on optical depth from Ly-gamma trough: </content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-3"> <drawables> <body visibility="tracks-master" location="68 54" size="644 469" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <title visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="8370" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st10.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard"/> </bullet> <bullet level="1" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard"> <![CDATA[IGM still highly transparent along this line of sight.... ]]> If <![CDATA[other line of sight is significantly neutral, ---> large sample variance in reionization redshift...]]> </content> </bullet> <bullet level="1" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">In any case, improved theoretical modelling is needed!</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-2"> <drawables> <title visibility="tracks-master" location="-20 -24" size="839 213" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <image byte-size="4952" display-name="image-42.pdf" transformation="1 0 0 1 494 162" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="image-42.pdf" natural-size="169 38"/> <image byte-size="4845" display-name="image-44.pdf" transformation="1 0 0 1 199 162" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="image-44.pdf" natural-size="197 38"/> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="161 40" transformation="1 0 0 1 23.5 161"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">Can�??t infer</content> </textbox> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="78 40" transformation="1 0 0 1 404 161"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">from</content> </textbox> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="237 40" transformation="1 0 0 1 25.5 205"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">unless we know</content> </textbox> <image byte-size="3510" display-name="image-45.pdf" transformation="1.14103 0 0 1.14103 275 203.321" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="image-45.pdf" natural-size="78 38"/> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="147 40" transformation="1 0 0 1 368.5 205"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">very well</content> </textbox> <textbox size="282 200" transformation="1 0 0 1 514 200"> <content font-color="0 1 0" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard"> <![CDATA[But before overlap, radiation field highly non-uniform...relation between ]]> </content> </textbox> <image byte-size="54349" display-name="flux_integrand.jpg" transformation="0.556522 0 0 0.556522 27 272" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="flux_integrand.jpg" natural-size="575 578"/> <image byte-size="1889" display-name="image-47.pdf" transformation="1.04545 0 0 1.04545 745 370" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="image-47.pdf" natural-size="22 18"/> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="75 40" transformation="1 0 0 1 555.5 402"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard"> and <![CDATA[ ]]> </content> </textbox> <image byte-size="1885" display-name="image-48.pdf" transformation="1 0 0 1 639 408" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="image-48.pdf" natural-size="32 27"/> <textbox size="360 120" transformation="1 0 0 1 357 479"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">Anyhow, very different parts of the integrand contribute...</content> </textbox> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="234 40" transformation="1 0 0 1 538 437"> <content font-color="0 1 0" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">is complicated...</content> </textbox> <body visibility="hidden" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="7290" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st26.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard">...don�??t believe claims about neutral fraction!</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-2"> <drawables> <title visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <image byte-size="47548" display-name="tau.tiff" transformation="1 0 0 1 1139 -415" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="tau.tiff" natural-size="800 1035"/> <image byte-size="47548" display-name="tau.tiff" transformation="0.485 0 0 0.485 -635 -19.5406" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="tau.tiff" natural-size="800 1035"/> <image byte-size="40013" display-name="tau_evol.jpg" transformation="0.910369 0 0 0.910369 17 169" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="tau_evol.jpg" natural-size="569 415"/> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="144 40" transformation="1 0 0 1 203 554"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">Fan 2004</content> </textbox> <textbox size="238 160" transformation="1 0 0 1 543 269"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">Does this mean tau keeps on increasing to ~10^5??</content> </textbox> <body visibility="hidden" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="5958" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st27.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard">...all we know is that there is a jump in tau...</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-2"> <drawables> <title visibility="tracks-master" location="78 13" size="644 156" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <body visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="8370" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st271.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard">...so some cautionary notes: </content> </bullet> <bullet level="1" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-head-indent="9" paragraph-first-line-indent="9" tab-stops="L 44" font-size="28" font-name="Chalkboard">relation between different taus and x_HI is highly uncertain</content> </bullet> <bullet level="1" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-head-indent="9" paragraph-first-line-indent="9" tab-stops="L 44" font-size="28" font-name="Chalkboard">Reionization doesn�??t have to be phase-change like...it could be modulated by Lyman-limit systems </content> </bullet> <bullet level="1" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-head-indent="9" paragraph-first-line-indent="9" tab-stops="L 44" font-size="28" font-name="Chalkboard"> <![CDATA[Want some probe of the forest during this optically thick era...telling us x_HI, and the abundance of LLS...]]> </content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-12"> <drawables> <title visibility="visible" location="65.2 -7.4" size="627.725 104.8" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <line tail="335.5 102" head="336.5 474"/> <textbox size="282.6 383.109" transformation="1 0 0 1 26.2 99.6"> <content font-color="1 0 0" paragraph-spacing="12.4844" paragraph-head-indent="36" paragraph-alignment="left" tab-stops="L 28 L 36 L 56 L 84 L 112 L 140 L 168 L 196 L 224 L 252 L 280 L 308 L 336" font-size="24" paragraph-line-spacing="-0.03125" font-name="Tahoma"> <![CDATA[ ]]> What you want <![CDATA[ ]]> <div font-color="0 0 0" paragraph-head-indent="5.633" paragraph-first-line-indent="5.633"> <![CDATA[1. Unsaturated absorption when universe is fully neutral. 2. Absorption redward of HI Ly]]> �� <![CDATA[ at 1216 Angstroms 3. Ionization Potential close to that of HI ]]> </div> </content> </textbox> <textbox size="330.6 29" transformation="1 0 0 1 362.2 99.6"> <content font-color="1 0 0" paragraph-spacing="-2" paragraph-alignment="left" tab-stops="L 0 L 72 L 144 L 216 L 288" font-size="24" paragraph-line-spacing="-0.03125" font-name="Tahoma-Bold"> What you get </content> </textbox> <textbox size="336.6 133.306" transformation="1 0 0 1 359.2 121.6"> <content font-color="0 0 0" paragraph-spacing="12.4844" paragraph-alignment="left" tab-stops="L 0 L 72 L 144 L 216 L 288" font-size="24" paragraph-line-spacing="-0.03125" font-name="Helvetica"> 1. Abundance lower by ~10 -6 <![CDATA[ ]]> �? = 0.15 x HI (�?/10�??2.5 �? �? <![CDATA[) [(1+z)/7]]]> 3/2 for uniform IGM </content> </textbox> <textbox size="360.6 186.359" transformation="1 0 0 1 363.2 343.6"> <content font-color="0 0 0" paragraph-spacing="12.4844" paragraph-alignment="left" tab-stops="L 0 L 72 L 144 L 216 L 288 L 360" font-size="24" paragraph-line-spacing="-0.03125" font-name="Helvetica"> <![CDATA[ 3. Ionization Potential 13.6 eV ! x]]> OI �?? x HI <![CDATA[ ]]> <![CDATA[Charge exchange equilibrium ]]> <div paragraph-spacing="-2" paragraph-line-spacing="0.140625" font-size="20"> O+H o �?? O+H + ; O + +H o �?? O+H + </div> </content> </textbox> <textbox size="282.6 24" transformation="1 0 0 1 212.2 81.6"> <content font-color="0.0535604 0.0626969 1" paragraph-spacing="-2" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 0 L 72 L 144 L 216" font-size="20" paragraph-line-spacing="0.140625" font-name="Tahoma">Oh 2002</content> </textbox> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="390 30" transformation="1 0 0 1 348.5 285"> <content font-color="0 0 0" paragraph-spacing="12.4" tab-stops="L 0 L 72 L 144 L 216 L 288" font-size="24" font-name="Tahoma"> 2. Strongest line at 1302 Angstroms </content> </textbox> <body visibility="hidden" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="none" duration="0"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="8128" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st13.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" spacing="-1.89062" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="0.2 0.2 0.6" paragraph-alignment="left" tab-stops="L 0 L 72 L 144 L 216 L 288 L 360 L 432 L 504 L 576" font-size="44" paragraph-line-spacing="0.109375" font-name="Tahoma">OI absorption: a scorecard</content> </bullet> </bullets> <background-fill-style byte-size="35461" fill-type="image" image-data="Blueprint.jpg" image-scale="stretch"/> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-12"> <drawables> <title visibility="visible" location="83.2 0" size="614.1 97.4" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <textbox size="402.6 57.9688" transformation="1 0 0 1 2.2 111.6"> <content font-color="0 0 0" paragraph-spacing="-2" paragraph-alignment="left" tab-stops="L 0 L 72 L 144 L 216 L 288 L 360" font-size="24" paragraph-line-spacing="-0.03125" font-name="Tahoma"> Overdense regions are the first to be polluted to high metallicity�??</content> </textbox> <image byte-size="103116" display-name="Image-43" transformation="0.397756 0 0 0.397696 405.375 0" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="cen_ostriker.png" natural-size="791 716"/> <textbox size="228.6 29" transformation="1 0 0 1 470.2 291.6"> <content font-color="0 0.894118 0.658824" paragraph-spacing="-2" paragraph-alignment="left" tab-stops="L 0 L 72 L 144 L 216" font-size="24" paragraph-line-spacing="-0.03125" font-name="Tahoma">Cen & Ostriker 1999</content> </textbox> <image byte-size="95593" display-name="Image-44" transformation="0.795927 0 0 0.659091 24 174" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="gnedin.png" natural-size="313 528"/> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="123 29" transformation="1 0 0 1 68.2 189.6"> <content font-color="0 0 0" paragraph-spacing="-2" paragraph-alignment="left" tab-stops="L 0 L 72" font-size="24" paragraph-line-spacing="-0.03125" font-name="Tahoma">HI fraction</content> </textbox> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="89 29" transformation="1 0 0 1 78.95 354.225"> <content font-color="0 0 0" paragraph-spacing="-2" paragraph-alignment="left" tab-stops="L 0 L 72" font-size="24" paragraph-line-spacing="-0.03125" font-name="Tahoma">Density</content> </textbox> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="9 29" transformation="1 0 0 1 284.2 489.6"> <content font-color="0 0 0" paragraph-spacing="-2" paragraph-alignment="left" tab-stops="L 0" font-size="24" paragraph-line-spacing="-0.03125" font-name="Tahoma"/> </textbox> <textbox size="143.225 57.9688" transformation="1.19249e-08 -1 1 1.19249e-08 3.6 385.425"> <content font-color="0 0.894118 0.658824" paragraph-spacing="-2" paragraph-alignment="left" tab-stops="L 0 L 72 L 144" font-size="24" paragraph-line-spacing="-0.03125" font-name="Tahoma">Gnedin 2000</content> </textbox> <textbox size="378.6 29" transformation="1 0 0 1 290.2 351.6"> <content font-color="0 0 0" paragraph-spacing="-2" paragraph-alignment="left" tab-stops="L 0 L 72 L 144 L 216 L 288 L 360" font-size="24" paragraph-line-spacing="-0.03125" font-name="Tahoma">�??but the last to be reionized</content> </textbox> <textbox size="396.6 86.9375" transformation="1 0 0 1 296.2 405.6"> <content font-color="1 0 0" paragraph-spacing="-2" paragraph-alignment="left" tab-stops="L 0 L 72 L 144 L 216 L 288 L 360" font-size="24" paragraph-line-spacing="-0.03125" font-name="Tahoma">They should therefore produce a fluctuating forest of OI absorption lines</content> </textbox> <textbox size="24.6 29" transformation="1 0 0 1 398.2 117.6"> <content font-color="0 0 0" paragraph-spacing="-2" paragraph-alignment="left" tab-stops="L 0" font-size="24" paragraph-line-spacing="-0.03125" font-name="Tahoma"/> </textbox> <textbox size="24.6 29" transformation="1 0 0 1 404.2 129.6"> <content font-color="0 0 0" paragraph-spacing="-2" paragraph-alignment="left" tab-stops="L 0" font-size="24" paragraph-line-spacing="-0.03125" font-name="Tahoma">Z</content> </textbox> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="25 24" transformation="1 0 0 1 576.95 264.35"> <content font-color="0 0 0" paragraph-spacing="-2" paragraph-alignment="left" tab-stops="L 0" font-size="24" paragraph-line-spacing="4.8" font-name="Symbol">�?</content> </textbox> <body visibility="hidden" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="none" duration="0"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="3726" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st30.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" spacing="-1.89062" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="0.2 0.2 0.6" paragraph-alignment="left" tab-stops="L 0 L 72 L 144 L 216 L 288 L 360 L 432 L 504 L 576" font-size="44" paragraph-line-spacing="0.109375" font-name="Tahoma">The OI forest</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-4"> <drawables> <image byte-size="72137" display-name="sky_lines.jpg" transformation="0.750842 0 0 0.750842 55 11" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="sky_lines.jpg" natural-size="919 594"/> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="117 40" transformation="1 0 0 1 211.5 45"> <content font-color="0.0271739 0.02372 0.0253925" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">spectra</content> </textbox> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="58 40" transformation="1 0 0 1 274 280"> <content font-color="0.0259962 0.0254633 0.0271739" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">sky</content> </textbox> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="76 40" transformation="1 0 0 1 608 31"> <content font-color="0.0271739 0.0254102 0.0219336" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">ratio</content> </textbox> <textbox size="238.5 62" transformation="1 0 0 1 465.5 305"> <content font-color="0.0219336 0.0271739 0.02279" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="24" font-name="Chalkboard">Courtesy of Xiaohui Fan</content> </textbox> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="764 80" transformation="1 0 0 1 17 485"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard"> <![CDATA[Unfortunately, the sky is full of nasty lines there... A good standard star calibration is needed!]]> </content> </textbox> <title visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <body visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="4992" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st28.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard"/> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-4"> <drawables> <image byte-size="71733" display-name="prochaska.jpg" transformation="0.806122 0 0 0.806122 4 11" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="prochaska.jpg" natural-size="686 564"/> <textbox size="784 160" transformation="1 0 0 1 16 475"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard"> <![CDATA[...and more simulations/modelling... Note: frequency of OI lines places limit on abundance of Lyman limit systems/photon mfp ]]> </content> </textbox> <textbox size="227.5 62" transformation="1 0 0 1 556.5 397"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="24" font-name="Chalkboard">w/ J. Prochaska & P. Madau</content> </textbox> <title visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <body visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="5244" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st301.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard"/> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-1"> <drawables> <title visibility="tracks-master" location="78 61" size="644 253" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="409 40" transformation="1 0 0 1 382.5 548"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">Hansen & Oh 2004, in prep</content> </textbox> <body visibility="hidden" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="8370" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st25.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard">Ly-alpha Radiative Transfer in an Clumpy Dusty Medium</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-5"> <drawables> <title visibility="tracks-master" location="78 13" size="644 225" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <textbox size="298.5 80" transformation="1 0 0 1 -1.5 260"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard"> <![CDATA[Image = Astronomy Spectra= Physics ]]> </content> </textbox> <image byte-size="63357" display-name="Image-32" transformation="0.480198 0 0 0.480243 301 230" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="final_becker.png" natural-size="1010 736"/> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="158 23" transformation="1 0 0 1 119 556"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="18" font-name="Chalkboard">Becker et al 2001</content> </textbox> <textbox size="315.5 200" transformation="1 0 0 1 -7.5 339"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard"> <![CDATA[Look at line: 1. Shape 2. Equivalent width 3. Offset from other lines]]> </content> </textbox> <body visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="8360" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st3.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard">Ly-alpha is often our ONLY probe of high-z galaxies/QSOs....</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-5"> <drawables> <title visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <image byte-size="56005" display-name="kunth.jpg" transformation="0.87069 0 0 0.87069 365 158" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="kunth.jpg" natural-size="464 440"/> <textbox size="235.5 23" transformation="1 0 0 1 487.5 556"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="18" font-name="Chalkboard">Kunth et al 1998</content> </textbox> <textbox size="320.5 120" transformation="1 0 0 1 27.5 252"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard"> <![CDATA[P Cygni profiles Offset wrt other metal lines]]> </content> </textbox> <body visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="6884" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st41.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard">...and is used to infer winds</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-5"> <drawables> <title visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <image byte-size="65047" display-name="barkana2.jpg" transformation="0.776639 0 0 0.776639 386 137" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="barkana2.jpg" natural-size="496 488"/> <image byte-size="47397" display-name="barkana1.jpg" transformation="0.785068 0 0 0.785068 0 149" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="barkana1.jpg" natural-size="489 442"/> <textbox size="610.5 23" transformation="1 0 0 1 106.5 528"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="18" font-name="Chalkboard">Barkana & Loeb 2003</content> </textbox> <body visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="5914" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st5.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard">...accretion shocks</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-5"> <drawables> <title visibility="tracks-master" location="94 13" size="644 156" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <image byte-size="47948" display-name="santos.jpg" transformation="0.778689 0 0 0.778689 359 168" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="santos.jpg" natural-size="496 488"/> <textbox size="250.5 23" transformation="1 0 0 1 460.5 556"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="18" font-name="Chalkboard">Santos et al 2004</content> </textbox> <textbox size="287.5 160" transformation="1 0 0 1 35.5 269"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">Low luminosity tail should be suppressed after reionization</content> </textbox> <body visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="6860" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st6.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard">...constrain the epoch of reionization...</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-5"> <drawables> <title visibility="tracks-master" location="78 -13" size="644 156" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <textbox size="762 80" transformation="1 0 0 1 19 521"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">Note: no X-ray emission or high ionization lines seen</content> </textbox> <image byte-size="28566" display-name="rhoads1.jpg" transformation="0.894587 0 0 0.894587 41 151" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="rhoads1.jpg" natural-size="369 351"/> <image byte-size="24487" display-name="rhoads2.jpg" transformation="0.843836 0 0 0.843836 419 154" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="rhoads2.jpg" natural-size="378 365"/> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="661 40" transformation="1 0 0 1 68.5 490"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">> 60% of sources have EW > 240 Angstroms</content> </textbox> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="217 23" transformation="1 0 0 1 289.5 474"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="18" font-name="Chalkboard">Malhotra & Rhoads 2002</content> </textbox> <body visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="6304" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st7.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard">...possible Pop III stars at high-z </content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-5"> <drawables> <title visibility="tracks-master" location="78 9" size="644 199" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <image byte-size="26468" display-name="shapley.jpg" transformation="0.673214 0 0 0.673214 45 220.216" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="shapley.jpg" natural-size="560 527"/> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="169 23" transformation="1 0 0 1 432.5 558"> <content font-color="0.00957179 0.929198 1 0.99" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="18" font-name="Chalkboard">Shapley et al 2004</content> </textbox> <textbox size="332.5 200" transformation="1 0 0 1 436.5 220"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">Radiative transfer within ISM is at LEAST as important as transfer within IGM </content> </textbox> <textbox size="396 80" transformation="1 0 0 1 404 447"> <content font-color="1 0.0356181 0.0120371" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">Let�??s understand what we�??re looking at!</content> </textbox> <body visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="6630" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st8.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard">CAUTION: Ly-alpha properties show HUGE dispersion</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-5"> <drawables> <title visibility="tracks-master" location="78 10" size="644 156" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <image byte-size="62589" display-name="giavalisco.jpg" transformation="0.665111 0 0 0.665111 11 194" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="giavalisco.jpg" natural-size="857 425"/> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="179 23" transformation="1 0 0 1 342.5 486"> <content font-color="0 1 1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="18" font-name="Chalkboard">Giavalisco et al 1996</content> </textbox> <textbox size="192.5 280" transformation="1 0 0 1 599.5 195"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">No--Ly-alpha EW appears to be decoupled from the dust content</content> </textbox> <textbox size="789 80" transformation="1 0 0 1 5 514"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard"> <![CDATA[Also: bright SCUBA sources w/ high Ly-alpha EW... (Chapman & Blain 2003)]]> </content> </textbox> <body visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="6724" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st91.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard">Won�??t dust just kill the Ly-alpha EW?</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-5"> <drawables> <title visibility="tracks-master" location="78 13" size="644 156" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <textbox size="798 120" transformation="1 0 0 1 1 479"> <content font-color="1 0 0" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard"> <![CDATA[Amazingly, there has been no detailed study of resonance line radiative transfer in a clumpy, dusty medium]]> </content> </textbox> <image byte-size="65832" display-name="neufeld.jpg" transformation="0.806971 0 0 0.806971 18 162" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="neufeld.jpg" natural-size="489 373"/> <textbox size="367 128" transformation="1 0 0 1 426 235.5"> <content paragraph-head-indent="9" paragraph-first-line-indent="9" tab-stops="L 44" font-size="9" font-name="Chalkboard"> Preferential extinction of continuum possible in multi-phase medium (Neufeld 1991) <![CDATA[ ]]> </content> </textbox> <body visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="7474" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st101.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard">Not if the ISM is clumpy</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-5"> <drawables> <title visibility="tracks-master" location="78 13" size="716 204" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <textbox size="760 280" transformation="1 0 0 1 20 249"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">1. Outflows alone can never give an EW above <![CDATA[ the intrinsic value 2. Test: velocity offset between Ly-alpha and metal lines 3. Different line-shape profiles ]]> </content> </textbox> <body visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="8370" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st111.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard">Is Ly-alpha escape controlled by kinematics or geometry?</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-5"> <drawables> <title visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <image byte-size="77865" display-name="monte_carlo_test.jpg" transformation="0.804762 0 0 0.804762 17 202" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="monte_carlo_test.jpg" natural-size="650 420"/> <textbox size="239.5 320" transformation="1 0 0 1 537.5 211"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard"> <![CDATA[Just Photon Pinball... 1. Choose Frequency 2. Choose Direction 3. Choose Optical Depth]]> </content> </textbox> <body visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="6754" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st12.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard">Test this with a Monte-Carlo RT code...</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-5"> <drawables> <title visibility="tracks-master" location="-28 13" size="644 156" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <shape path="M 85.3553 14.6447 C 104.882 34.1709 104.882 65.8291 85.3553 85.3553 C 65.8291 104.882 34.1709 104.882 14.6447 85.3553 C -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 34.1709 14.6447 14.6447 C 34.1709 -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 85.3553 14.6447 Z M 85.3553 14.6447" transformation="3.01 0 0 2.75 17 178"/> <shape path="M 85.3553 14.6447 C 104.882 34.1709 104.882 65.8291 85.3553 85.3553 C 65.8291 104.882 34.1709 104.882 14.6447 85.3553 C -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 34.1709 14.6447 14.6447 C 34.1709 -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 85.3553 14.6447 Z M 85.3553 14.6447" transformation="0.3 0 0 0.34 63 236"/> <shape path="M 85.3553 14.6447 C 104.882 34.1709 104.882 65.8291 85.3553 85.3553 C 65.8291 104.882 34.1709 104.882 14.6447 85.3553 C -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 34.1709 14.6447 14.6447 C 34.1709 -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 85.3553 14.6447 Z M 85.3553 14.6447" transformation="0.36 0 0 0.29 115 211"/> <shape path="M 85.3553 14.6447 C 104.882 34.1709 104.882 65.8291 85.3553 85.3553 C 65.8291 104.882 34.1709 104.882 14.6447 85.3553 C -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 34.1709 14.6447 14.6447 C 34.1709 -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 85.3553 14.6447 Z M 85.3553 14.6447" transformation="0.3 0 0 0.34 118 283"/> <shape path="M 85.3553 14.6447 C 104.882 34.1709 104.882 65.8291 85.3553 85.3553 C 65.8291 104.882 34.1709 104.882 14.6447 85.3553 C -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 34.1709 14.6447 14.6447 C 34.1709 -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 85.3553 14.6447 Z M 85.3553 14.6447" transformation="0.3 0 0 0.34 72 353"/> <shape path="M 85.3553 14.6447 C 104.882 34.1709 104.882 65.8291 85.3553 85.3553 C 65.8291 104.882 34.1709 104.882 14.6447 85.3553 C -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 34.1709 14.6447 14.6447 C 34.1709 -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 85.3553 14.6447 Z M 85.3553 14.6447" transformation="0.3 0 0 0.34 209 283"/> <shape path="M 85.3553 14.6447 C 104.882 34.1709 104.882 65.8291 85.3553 85.3553 C 65.8291 104.882 34.1709 104.882 14.6447 85.3553 C -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 34.1709 14.6447 14.6447 C 34.1709 -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 85.3553 14.6447 Z M 85.3553 14.6447" transformation="0.3 0 0 0.34 190 236"/> <shape path="M 85.3553 14.6447 C 104.882 34.1709 104.882 65.8291 85.3553 85.3553 C 65.8291 104.882 34.1709 104.882 14.6447 85.3553 C -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 34.1709 14.6447 14.6447 C 34.1709 -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 85.3553 14.6447 Z M 85.3553 14.6447" transformation="0.3 0 0 0.34 247 332"/> <shape path="M 85.3553 14.6447 C 104.882 34.1709 104.882 65.8291 85.3553 85.3553 C 65.8291 104.882 34.1709 104.882 14.6447 85.3553 C -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 34.1709 14.6447 14.6447 C 34.1709 -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 85.3553 14.6447 Z M 85.3553 14.6447" transformation="0.3 0 0 0.34 247 236"/> <shape path="M 85.3553 14.6447 C 104.882 34.1709 104.882 65.8291 85.3553 85.3553 C 65.8291 104.882 34.1709 104.882 14.6447 85.3553 C -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 34.1709 14.6447 14.6447 C 34.1709 -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 85.3553 14.6447 Z M 85.3553 14.6447" transformation="0.3 0 0 0.34 127 376"/> <shape path="M 85.3553 14.6447 C 104.882 34.1709 104.882 65.8291 85.3553 85.3553 C 65.8291 104.882 34.1709 104.882 14.6447 85.3553 C -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 34.1709 14.6447 14.6447 C 34.1709 -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 85.3553 14.6447 Z M 85.3553 14.6447" transformation="0.3 0 0 0.34 153 326"/> <shape path="M 85.3553 14.6447 C 104.882 34.1709 104.882 65.8291 85.3553 85.3553 C 65.8291 104.882 34.1709 104.882 14.6447 85.3553 C -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 34.1709 14.6447 14.6447 C 34.1709 -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 85.3553 14.6447 Z M 85.3553 14.6447" transformation="0.3 0 0 0.34 200 326"/> <shape path="M 85.3553 14.6447 C 104.882 34.1709 104.882 65.8291 85.3553 85.3553 C 65.8291 104.882 34.1709 104.882 14.6447 85.3553 C -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 34.1709 14.6447 14.6447 C 34.1709 -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 85.3553 14.6447 Z M 85.3553 14.6447" transformation="0.3 0 0 0.34 173 363"/> <shape path="M 85.3553 14.6447 C 104.882 34.1709 104.882 65.8291 85.3553 85.3553 C 65.8291 104.882 34.1709 104.882 14.6447 85.3553 C -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 34.1709 14.6447 14.6447 C 34.1709 -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 85.3553 14.6447 Z M 85.3553 14.6447" transformation="0.3 0 0 0.34 51 299"/> <shape path="M 85.3553 14.6447 C 104.882 34.1709 104.882 65.8291 85.3553 85.3553 C 65.8291 104.882 34.1709 104.882 14.6447 85.3553 C -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 34.1709 14.6447 14.6447 C 34.1709 -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 85.3553 14.6447 Z M 85.3553 14.6447" transformation="0.3 0 0 0.34 235 385"/> <shape path="M 85.3553 14.6447 C 104.882 34.1709 104.882 65.8291 85.3553 85.3553 C 65.8291 104.882 34.1709 104.882 14.6447 85.3553 C -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 34.1709 14.6447 14.6447 C 34.1709 -4.88155 65.8291 -4.88155 85.3553 14.6447 Z M 85.3553 14.6447" transformation="0.3 0 0 0.34 173 195"/> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="726 40" transformation="1 0 0 1 36 542"> <content font-color="1 0.0493827 0.0493827 0.99" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">Only the cloud covering fraction fc~few matters</content> </textbox> <textbox size="796 80" transformation="1 0 0 1 1 462"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard"> <![CDATA[Not so crazy: cloud size/shape doesn�??t really matter for highly optically thick clouds]]> </content> </textbox> <image byte-size="84532" display-name="covering_fraction.jpg" transformation="0.577573 0 0 0.577573 359 164" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="covering_fraction.jpg" natural-size="651 526"/> <image byte-size="24414" display-name="cow.gif" transformation="0.76 0 0 0.76 618 -5" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="cow.gif" natural-size="200 231"/> <body visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="7272" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st131.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard">Consider a spherical galaxy...</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-2"> <drawables> <title visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <textbox size="286.5 240" transformation="1 0 0 1 19.5 191"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">Treat each cloud as a single particle capable of scattering/absorbing particles</content> </textbox> <textbox size="769.5 120" transformation="1 0 0 1 -183.5 492"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard"> <![CDATA[Characterize by: a) Albedo ]]> </content> </textbox> <image byte-size="65874" display-name="albedo.jpg" transformation="0.684318 0 0 0.684318 325 195" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="albedo.jpg" natural-size="661 491"/> <body visibility="hidden" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="6914" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st14.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard">Monte-Carlo on Speed: �??Mega-Grains�??</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-4"> <drawables> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="430 40" transformation="1 0 0 1 52 25"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">b) Scattering Phase Function</content> </textbox> <image byte-size="28596" display-name="angles_single_bounce.pdf" transformation="0.772727 0 0 0.772727 94 25.5455" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="angles_single_bounce.pdf" natural-size="792 612"/> <textbox size="699 80" transformation="1 0 0 1 31 487"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">c) Frequency Redistribution---coherent scattering is good approximation </content> </textbox> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="73 40" transformation="1 0 0 1 363.5 280"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">Text</content> </textbox> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="73 40" transformation="1 0 0 1 363.5 280"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">Text</content> </textbox> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="73 40" transformation="1 0 0 1 363.5 280"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">Text</content> </textbox> <title visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <body visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="6968" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st15.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard"/> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-5"> <drawables> <title visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <image byte-size="32213" display-name="velocity_dispersion.jpg" transformation="0.721627 0 0 0.721627 18 125" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="velocity_dispersion.jpg" natural-size="467 383"/> <textbox size="468 80" transformation="1 0 0 1 332 136"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">Only a mild effect on escape fractions....</content> </textbox> <textbox size="331 120" transformation="1 0 0 1 0 430"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">...and has little effect on Doppler width of the line </content> </textbox> <image byte-size="21722" display-name="cloud_motion.jpg" transformation="0.900212 0 0 0.900212 362 262" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="cloud_motion.jpg" natural-size="471 344"/> <body visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="5584" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st31.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard">Effect of Cloud Motion</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-5"> <drawables> <title visibility="tracks-master" location="78 -2" size="644 156" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <textbox size="190 200" transformation="1 0 0 1 550 141"> <content font-color="0 0 1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard"> <![CDATA[Agreement between exact + fast MC is v. good]]> </content> </textbox> <image byte-size="96504" display-name="EW_boost.jpg" transformation="0.920732 0 0 0.920732 40 146" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="EW_boost.jpg" natural-size="491 492"/> <textbox size="286 160" transformation="1 0 0 1 502 386"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">EW boost peaks when clouds become optically thick in dust</content> </textbox> <body visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="6580" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st33.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard">EW boost of ~few is easy...</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-5"> <drawables> <textbox size="341.5 80" transformation="1 0 0 1 43.5 459"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">Test: compare Ly-alpha w/ Balmer lines</content> </textbox> <image byte-size="94344" display-name="escape_fraction.jpg" transformation="0.75 0 0 0.75 31 13" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="escape_fraction.jpg" natural-size="491 492"/> <image byte-size="66430" display-name="H_alpha.jpg" transformation="0.710227 0 0 0.710227 416 337" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="H_alpha.jpg" natural-size="528 353"/> <textbox size="394 120" transformation="1 0 0 1 406 71"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 66" font-size="32" font-name="Chalkboard">Once clouds are optically thick in dust, continuum absorption saturates</content> </textbox> <title visibility="hidden" location="46 -35" size="644 156" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <body visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="6378" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st17.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard">....why?</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-2"> <drawables> <title visibility="tracks-master" location="78 13" size="705 197" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <body visibility="tracks-master" location="78 225" size="644 353" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="8370" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st18.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="56" font-name="Chalkboard">Future work</content> </bullet> <bullet level="1" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-head-indent="9" paragraph-first-line-indent="9" tab-stops="L 44" font-size="28" font-name="Chalkboard">Do RT in numerical simulations...</content> </bullet> <bullet level="1" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-head-indent="9" paragraph-first-line-indent="9" tab-stops="L 44" font-size="28" font-name="Chalkboard"> <![CDATA[Ly-alpha �??blobs�?? at z=3....also no continuum seen. Model Ly-alpha line profiles, polarization...]]> </content> </bullet> <bullet level="1" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="g1" paragraph-head-indent="9" paragraph-first-line-indent="9" tab-stops="L 44" font-size="28" font-name="Chalkboard">Radiation pressure from Ly-alpha photon trapping...</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-13"> <drawables> <title visibility="tracks-master" location="78 142" size="644 278" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <body visibility="hidden" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="8370" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st36.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="0.265027 0.257656 0.173355" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="50" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular">Sunyaev-Zeldovich and 21cm observations of the High Redshift Universe</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-13"> <drawables> <title visibility="visible" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <textbox size="636.6 127.8" transformation="1 0 0 1 44.2 171.6"> <content font-color="0.265027 0.257656 0.173355" paragraph-spacing="12.4" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 0 L 72 L 144 L 216 L 288 L 360 L 432 L 504 L 576" font-size="24" paragraph-line-spacing="-0.200001" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular"> <![CDATA[�??have been seen by BIMA and CBI and are unexpectedly large�?? ]]> <div paragraph-spacing="-2">Hard to explain them with thermal SZ from galaxy clusters alone</div> </content> </textbox> <image byte-size="1457" display-name="Image-76" transformation="1.02985 0 0 1.03049 0 284" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="cl_cluster.png" natural-size="134 82"/> <image byte-size="20316" display-name="Image-77" transformation="0.606618 0 0 0.6066 455 318.375" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="cl_data_sz.png" natural-size="544 428"/> <image byte-size="15290" display-name="Image-78" transformation="0.529412 0 0 0.529498 145 334" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="cl_sigma8.png" natural-size="544 428"/> <textbox size="96.6 38.2" transformation="1 0 0 1 20.2 329.6"> <content font-color="0 0.894118 0.658824" paragraph-spacing="-2" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 0 L 72" font-size="16" paragraph-line-spacing="0.200001" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular">Komatsu & Seljak 2002</content> </textbox> <body visibility="hidden" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="none" duration="0"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="6790" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st441.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" spacing="0.799999" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="0.265027 0.257656 0.173355" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="50" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular">Small Scale CMB Anisotropies�??</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-13"> <drawables> <title visibility="visible" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <image byte-size="2872" display-name="Image-80" transformation="1.31061 0 0 1.30523 24 216" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="t_compton.png" natural-size="495 43"/> <textbox size="612.6 29" transformation="1 0 0 1 44.2 183.6"> <content font-color="0.265027 0.257656 0.173355" paragraph-spacing="-2" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 0 L 72 L 144 L 216 L 288 L 360 L 432 L 504 L 576" font-size="24" paragraph-line-spacing="-0.200001" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular"/> </textbox> <textbox size="582.6 29" transformation="1 0 0 1 50.2 171.6"> <content font-color="0.265027 0.257656 0.173355" paragraph-spacing="-2" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 0 L 72 L 144 L 216 L 288 L 360 L 432 L 504 L 576" font-size="24" paragraph-line-spacing="-0.200001" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular">Time-scale is short�??</content> </textbox> <textbox size="654.6 251.4" transformation="1 0 0 1 32.2 273.6"> <content font-color="0.265027 0.257656 0.173355" paragraph-spacing="12.4" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 0 L 72 L 144 L 216 L 288 L 360 L 432 L 504 L 576 L 648" font-size="24" paragraph-line-spacing="-0.200001" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular"> <![CDATA[�??and also is independent of density and temperature Will dominate over radiative cooling for SN and winds for z>7 ]]> ( <![CDATA[Tegmark, Silk & Evrard 1993, Voit 1996, Madau, Ferrara & Rees 2001) ]]> Caveat: if �??blow-out�?? is inefficient and radiative losses in ISM is high. <![CDATA[(Mori, Ferrara & Madau 2002) ]]> <div font-color="1 0 0" paragraph-spacing="-2">What is the consequence of dumping all this energy in the CMB?</div> </content> </textbox> <body visibility="hidden" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="7940" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st45.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" spacing="0.799999" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="0.265027 0.257656 0.173355" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="50" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular">Compton Cooling is very efficient at high redshift!</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-13"> <drawables> <textbox size="468.6 19" transformation="1 0 0 1 124.2 154.6"> <content font-color="0 0.894118 0.658824" paragraph-spacing="-2" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 0 L 72 L 144 L 216 L 288 L 360 L 432" font-size="16" paragraph-line-spacing="0.200001" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular"> <![CDATA[ ]]> Oh, Cooray & Kamionkowski 2003 </content> </textbox> <image byte-size="36265" display-name="Image-81" transformation="0.564878 0 0 0.564863 24 198" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="SN_remnant.png" natural-size="368 291"/> <textbox size="546.8 57.8" transformation="1 0 0 1 240.2 185.6"> <content font-color="0.265027 0.257656 0.173355" paragraph-spacing="-2" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 0 L 72 L 144 L 216 L 288 L 360 L 432" font-size="24" paragraph-line-spacing="-0.200001" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular"> <![CDATA[Can relate WMAP Thompson optical depth to the number of ionizing photons emitted per baryon:]]> </content> </textbox> <image byte-size="2319" display-name="Image-82" transformation="1.05994 0 0 1.06019 244 373" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="N_photons.png" natural-size="317 54"/> <image byte-size="3421" display-name="Image-83" transformation="0.961039 0 0 0.960714 240 258" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="tau_equation.png" natural-size="462 70"/> <textbox size="396.6 29" transformation="1 0 0 1 260.2 345.6"> <content font-color="0.265027 0.257656 0.173355" paragraph-spacing="-2" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 0 L 72 L 144 L 216 L 288 L 360" font-size="24" paragraph-line-spacing="-0.200001" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular"/> </textbox> <textbox size="408.6 29" transformation="1 0 0 1 260.2 345.6"> <content font-color="1 0 0" paragraph-spacing="-2" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 0 L 72 L 144 L 216 L 288 L 360" font-size="24" paragraph-line-spacing="-0.200001" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular">Independent of redshift evolution!</content> </textbox> <textbox size="216.6 29" transformation="1 0 0 1 20.2 387.6"> <content font-color="0.265027 0.257656 0.173355" paragraph-spacing="-2" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 0 L 72 L 144 L 216" font-size="24" paragraph-line-spacing="-0.200001" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular">This gives:</content> </textbox> <textbox size="612.6 29" transformation="1 0 0 1 32.2 429.6"> <content font-color="0.265027 0.257656 0.173355" paragraph-spacing="-2" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 0 L 72 L 144 L 216 L 288 L 360 L 432 L 504 L 576" font-size="24" paragraph-line-spacing="-0.200001" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular">Calibrate this to the amount of implied star formation,</content> </textbox> <image byte-size="2620" display-name="Image-84" transformation="1.08589 0 0 1.08796 360 464" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="E_baryon.png" natural-size="326 54"/> <textbox size="306.6 29" transformation="1 0 0 1 26.2 471.6"> <content font-color="0.265027 0.257656 0.173355" paragraph-spacing="-2" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 0 L 72 L 144 L 216 L 288" font-size="24" paragraph-line-spacing="-0.200001" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular"> get mean energy per baryon:</content> </textbox> <textbox size="800 116" transformation="1 0 0 1 0 27"> <content font-color="0.265027 0.257656 0.173355" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 22 L 44 L 66 L 88 L 109 L 131 L 153 L 175 L 197 L 219 L 241 L 263" font-size="48" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular">Compton Distortion From the First Supernovae</content> </textbox> <title visibility="hidden" location="90 78" size="644 122" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <body visibility="hidden" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="none" duration="0"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="7420" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st442.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" spacing="0.799999" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="0.265027 0.257656 0.173355" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="50" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular"> <![CDATA[Compton Distortion from the First Supernovae ]]> </content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-13"> <drawables> <title visibility="visible" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <image byte-size="19502" display-name="Image-87" transformation="0.547609 0 0 0.547332 384 144" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="sz_cl.png" natural-size="575 581"/> <textbox size="300.6 42.6" transformation="1 0 0 1 404.2 473.6"> <content font-color="0.13601 0.0779506 1" paragraph-spacing="-2" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 0 L 72 L 144 L 216 L 288" font-size="18" paragraph-line-spacing="-1.4" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular">Shape well-constrained, amplitude uncertain by order of magnitude</content> </textbox> <textbox size="330.6 325.4" transformation="1 0 0 1 24.2 185.6"> <content font-color="0.265027 0.257656 0.173355" paragraph-spacing="12.4" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 0 L 72 L 144 L 216 L 288" font-size="24" paragraph-line-spacing="-0.200001" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular"> <![CDATA[�?? Poisson fluctuations negligible �?? Clustering component significant �?? Could in principle explain CBI and BIMA results ]]> <div paragraph-spacing="-2"> <![CDATA[�?? Test with future experiments: will we resolve out the SZ background with cluster subtraction? ]]> </div> </content> </textbox> <body visibility="hidden" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="none" duration="0"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="7538" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st47.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" spacing="0.799999" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="0.265027 0.257656 0.173355" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="50" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular">Thermal SZ fluctuations from the First Stars</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-14"> <drawables> <title visibility="tracks-master" location="86 21" size="644 134" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <image byte-size="120768" display-name="21cm_emission.jpg" transformation="0.787879 0 0 0.787879 23 148" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="21cm_emission.jpg" natural-size="396 464"/> <image byte-size="60311" display-name="21cm_absorption.jpg" transformation="0.557878 0 0 0.557878 421 154" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="21cm_absorption.jpg" natural-size="653 622"/> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="318 22" transformation="1 0 0 1 20 519"> <content font-color="0 0 1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 22 L 44 L 66 L 88 L 109 L 131 L 153 L 175 L 197 L 219 L 241 L 263" font-size="18" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular">Furlanetto, Sokasian & Hernquist (2003)</content> </textbox> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="153 34" transformation="1 0 0 1 102.5 552"> <content font-color="0.265027 0.257656 0.173355" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 22 L 44 L 66 L 88 L 109 L 131 L 153 L 175 L 197 L 219 L 241 L 263" font-size="28" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular">In Emission</content> </textbox> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="178 34" transformation="1 0 0 1 527 552"> <content font-color="0.265027 0.257656 0.173355" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 22 L 44 L 66 L 88 L 109 L 131 L 153 L 175 L 197 L 219 L 241 L 263" font-size="28" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular">In Absorption</content> </textbox> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="191 22" transformation="1 0 0 1 507.5 513"> <content font-color="0 0 1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 22 L 44 L 66 L 88 L 109 L 131 L 153 L 175 L 197 L 219 L 241 L 263" font-size="18" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular">Carilli & Gnedin (2002)</content> </textbox> <body visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="6822" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st411.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="0.265027 0.257656 0.173355" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="50" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular">Our best hope: 21 cm observations </content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-14"> <drawables> <title visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <textbox size="397 68" transformation="1 0 0 1 -9 156"> <content font-color="0.265027 0.257656 0.173355" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 22 L 44 L 66 L 88 L 109 L 131 L 153 L 175 L 197 L 219 L 241 L 263" font-size="28" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular">Many upcoming experiments: PAST, LOFAR, SKA...</content> </textbox> <textbox size="411 112" transformation="1 0 0 1 -8 252"> <content font-color="0.265027 0.257656 0.173355" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 22 L 44 L 66 L 88 L 109 L 131 L 153 L 175 L 197 L 219 L 241 L 263" font-size="28" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular">Angular Fluctuations swamped by extragalactic point sources <![CDATA[(di Matteo et al 2002, Oh & Mack 2003) ]]> </content> </textbox> <textbox size="359 156.55" transformation="1 0 0 1 10 371"> <content paragraph-spacing="12.35" tab-stops="L 0 L 72 L 144 L 216 L 288 L 360 L 432 L 504 L 576 L 648" font-size="24" paragraph-line-spacing="-0.2" font-name="Times-Roman"> <![CDATA[Can still try to look for 21cm features along a pencil beam line of sight--foregrounds should be smooth in frequency space ]]> </content> </textbox> <image byte-size="15844" display-name="recovered_spectrum.pdf" transformation="0.592163 0 0 0.592163 400 165" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="recovered_spectrum.pdf" natural-size="687 689"/> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="215 22" transformation="1 0 0 1 494.5 570"> <content font-color="0 0 1" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 22 L 44 L 66 L 88 L 109 L 131 L 153 L 175 L 197 L 219 L 241 L 263" font-size="18" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular">Chang & Oh 2004, in prep</content> </textbox> <textbox size="355 68" transformation="1 0 0 1 12 502"> <content font-color="0.265027 0.257656 0.173355" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 22 L 44 L 66 L 88 L 109 L 131 L 153 L 175 L 197 L 219 L 241 L 263" font-size="28" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular">Foregrounds are 4 orders of mag brighter than signal!</content> </textbox> <body visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="7014" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st42.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="0.265027 0.257656 0.173355" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="50" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular">...but can contaminating foregrounds be removed?</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide id="slide-1" master-slide-id="master-slide-14"> <drawables> <title visibility="tracks-master" location="198 22" size="531 108" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <image byte-size="683156" display-name="21cm_box1.tiff" transformation="0.614583 0 0 0.614583 39 160" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="21cm_box1.tiff" natural-size="576 582"/> <image byte-size="97548" display-name="uv_plane.tiff" id="image-1" transformation="0.274276 0 0 0.274276 21 -5" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="uv_plane.tiff" natural-size="583 587"/> <image byte-size="704602" display-name="21cm_box2.tiff" transformation="0.62867 0 0 0.62867 397 156" lock-aspect-ratio="true" image-data="21cm_box2.tiff" natural-size="576 579"/> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="77 34" transformation="1 0 0 1 177.5 528"> <content font-color="0.265027 0.257656 0.173355" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 22 L 44 L 66 L 88 L 109 L 131 L 153 L 175 L 197 L 219 L 241 L 263" font-size="28" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular">Input</content> </textbox> <textbox grow-horizontally="true" size="135 34" transformation="1 0 0 1 510.5 528"> <content font-color="0.265027 0.257656 0.173355" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 22 L 44 L 66 L 88 L 109 L 131 L 153 L 175 L 197 L 219 L 241 L 263" font-size="28" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular">Recovered</content> </textbox> <body visibility="tracks-master" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="inherited"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="6722" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st43.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="0.265027 0.257656 0.173355" paragraph-alignment="center" tab-stops="L 75" font-size="50" font-name="HoeflerText-Regular">Trend removal in UV plane works!</content> </bullet> </bullets> </slide> <slide master-slide-id="master-slide-12"> <drawables> <textbox size="648.6 29" transformation="1 0 0 1 50.2 33.6"> <content font-color="0 0 0" paragraph-spacing="-2" paragraph-alignment="left" tab-stops="L 0 L 72 L 144 L 216 L 288 L 360 L 432 L 504 L 576 L 648" font-size="24" paragraph-line-spacing="-0.03125" font-name="Tahoma"/> </textbox> <title visibility="visible" location="59.2 0" size="627.725 109.4" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> <textbox size="654.6 53" transformation="1 0 0 1 32.2 177.6"> <content font-color="1 0 0" paragraph-spacing="-2" paragraph-alignment="left" tab-stops="L 0 L 72 L 144 L 216 L 288 L 360 L 432 L 504 L 576 L 648" font-size="44" paragraph-line-spacing="-0.200001" font-name="Helvetica">Exciting Times Lie Ahead!</content> </textbox> <textbox size="654.6 108.4" transformation="1 0 0 1 59.2 327.6"> <content font-color="1 1 0" paragraph-spacing="12.4" paragraph-alignment="left" tab-stops="L 0 L 72 L 144 L 216 L 288 L 360 L 432 L 504 L 576 L 648" font-size="24" paragraph-line-spacing="2.8" font-name="CopperplateGothic-Bold"> <![CDATA[�??The childhood shows the man, As morning shows the day.�?? ]]> <div paragraph-spacing="-2"> John Milton, Paradise Regained</div> </content> </textbox> <body visibility="hidden" vertical-alignment="tracks-master"/> </drawables> <transition-style type="none" duration="0"/> <thumbnails> <thumbnail byte-size="8364" size="60 45" file="thumbs/st431.tiff"/> </thumbnails> <bullets> <bullet level="0" spacing="-1.89062" marker-type="inherited"> <content font-color="0 0.894118 0.658824" paragraph-alignment="left" tab-stops="L 0 L 72 L 144 L 216 L 288 L 360 L 432 L 504 L 576" font-size="44" paragraph-line-spacing="0.109375" font-name="Tahoma">Final Take Home Message�??</content> </bullet> </bullets> <background-fill-style byte-size="27895" fill-type="image" image-data="Starry%20background.png" image-scale="stretch"/> </slide> </slide-list> <ui-state> <number key="BGShowUIStateNotesVisible">0</number> <reference key="BGShowUIStateActiveSlide" id-ref="slide-1"/> <array key="BGShowUIStateSelectedSlides"> <reference id-ref="slide-1"/> </array> <array key="BGShowUIStateSelectedBulletPoints"/> <array key="BGShowUIStateSelectedDrawables"> <reference id-ref="image-1"/> </array> <string key="BGShowUIStateCanvasOrigin">{1, 0}</string> <string key="BGShowUIStateWindowSize">146 194 959 637 0 0 1280 832 </string> </ui-state> </presentation>