Äîêóìåíò âçÿò èç êýøà ïîèñêîâîé ìàøèíû. Àäðåñ îðèãèíàëüíîãî äîêóìåíòà : http://herba.msu.ru/shipunov/school/books/smirnov2008_kaktusy_v_domashnej_kollektsii_i_pod_otkrytym_nebom.pdf Äàòà èçìåíåíèÿ: Mon Feb 11 12:10:24 2013 Äàòà èíäåêñèðîâàíèÿ: Sun Apr 10 17:47:50 2016 Êîäèðîâêà: Ïîèñêîâûå ñëîâà: hgc 87

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Hlj_^Zdlb jh\Ze b : him[ebdh\Ze gZ kZcl_ PRESSI ( HERSON )


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. K\_jo m kl _[eb i h d j u l u d h ` b p( _ d m l b d m e h c \ h k d h i h ^ h [ g h ] h \ _ ,s _d h lZ j h _ i j _ ^ h o j Z g y _ l b o h l c ) ba kl\ h \ g _ r g _ ] h \ h a ^ _ c k l \ b y l h f q b k e _ h l b k i Z j _ g b y Dem l]b d m e Z y \ e y _ l k y i j h b a \ h ^ g u f ,\ .\Zb h l [ h e _ _ ] e m [ h d h ]­h wki e h_ jy b k. Z a d e _ l h d w i b ^ _ j f b k Z j Z a \ b \ Z x l k y i m q d b b^ f B m ^ebg _gg uo dZi beeaZdZg qb\ Zxsb o ky gZ ih \_j o gh klb ,him r_g b_fkih k h [g h , yjh \ dhlhjh _ aZo\Zlu\Zlv \eZ]m ba \ha^moZ b ijh\h^blv d \gmlj_ggbf de_ldZf kl_[ey . : g Z e h ] b q g m x n m g d p b x f h ] m l \ u i h e g y l v d h e x q d b g _ Whl lhh j iuhoa \ d Z y _ll m k h .d hed j Z k l _ g b y f w n n _ d l b \ g h b k i h e v a h \ d hl g ^ _ gekZb]j m x s m x k y b a \ h a ^ m o Z i j b i _ j _ i Z ^ ,Zv\ l_f i_jZl m ju . = e Z \ g u f h l e b q b _ f d Z d l m k h \ h l ^ j m ] b o k m d d m e _ g l h \ y \ e, y _ l k y g Z e b q b _ Z ij_^klZ\ eyxs bo kh [h c \b^h baf_g _ggu_ iZa m rg u_ ihqdb e . Ba Zj_h jZkih e h` _gg uo g Z , j_[jZ o kl _[ey , jZa\ b\ Zxlky p\_ldb b ,ieh ^u b a h [uqguo , ih q_d g _dh lhju o \ b^ h \ b dZ d Zm e b k l .v M i h ^ Z \ e y x s _ ] h [ h e v r b g k l \ Z d Z d l m k h \ Z j _ h e u , d j h fl _ d h ,ehx q d b b y g _ k m l h] f h ] m l b f _ l v h i m r _ g b _ b a l h g d b. oM\ hfeZ fkf d h \ y j b c b g _ d h l h j u o ^ j m ] b o d Z d l m h be Zj_h eZ jZa^_ey _lky gZ ^\_ . qZklb qZklv gZo h ^blky ( \ ZdkbeeZ ^jm ]Zy g Z H^gZ iZa m o_ _ ), d h g p _ k h k.hPd _ Zd b b h l j h k l d b m l Z d b o d Z d l m k h \ \ u j Z k l Z g l bdah g p _ k b e e u q\l , Z xZ Zd kh k h qdZ j Za\ b\Zxlky dh exqdb [o h ^bfh klb Zj_h em k d m kh qdh f ldZgb fh`gh . Ijb g _ h m d h j _ g y l v b i j b \ b \ Z l v ^ e y i h e m q _ g b y g h \ .h ] h j Z k l _ g b y D h e x q d b d Z d l m k h \ y \ e y x l k y \ b ^ h b a f _ g _ g g u f b i h q _ q g u fg b q _ r m y f b .Hb ih ^jZa^_eyxlky g Z p _gl jZevgu _ b jZ^bZev gu_ dh jZevgZy d h exqdZ ) . P_gl exqdb ( dh exqdb g Z o h ^ b l k y \ p _ g l j _ Z j _ H e u h [ u q g h [ h e _ _ d ,j m idgj m ] e Z y b e b m i e h s _ g g Z y b . hgZ h Zy ^h \h evgh qZklh g_k_l g Z dhg p_ . djxqh q_dgh]hqb ke_gg u_ b lh gdb _ j Z^bZev gu _ ;he __ f dh exqdb jZkih e h `_gu ih i _jbn_jb b Zj_h e u . LdZgv dh exq_d g Zkus_gZ dZevp b_f b g_dh lhjuf b ^jm ]b fb \ _ s_kl \Zf b , ijb^Zxsb fb _c l\_j ^h klvD h ebq_kl \h jZ^b Zevg uo . d h e x q _ d \ h ^ g h c Z j _ h e _ f h ` _ l ^ h k l b ] Z l v ^ _ k y l d: Zh e u [ hye^ Z \ b ^ h \ d j h f _ . j_ b j __ dh exq_d fh ]m l g_kl b \h e h kdbm ku ih ^k_f_ckl\Z I_j_kdb_\ uo b H im gp _\u o g _k m . DZdl k l _ [ e y o f _ e d b _ b e _ ] d h h [ e Z f u \ Z x s b _ k­y ] e h o b ^ q .b ? k l v \ b ^ u d Z d l m k h \ k d h e x db i e h k d b f b b l h g d mffb ` g u f bd h e x q d Z, f g Z i j b f _ j g _ d h l h j u _ \ b ^ u l _ n j h d Z d.l m k h \ «[b Z » b B a \ k _ o d Z d l m k h \ o h j h r h j Z a \ b l u _ e b k l v y b f _ x l k y. e b r v m i _ j _ k d b c Kl_[_ev dZdl m kZ j Zkl_l ba, ]^_ gZoh^blky lZd gZa u\Z_fZy .lh qdZ kq_l klZ \ _jom rdb AZ jh ^_e_gb y de_lh d \ lhqd_ j h klZ ijh bkoh ^bl ijbjhkl dZdl m k Z i h .^bZf_l jm b \ ukh ; h e v r b g k l \ h d Z d l m k h \ j Z k l _ l . \ Q x kbl a g d Z d l m k h \ b f _ _ l d h g _ q g u c . j Mk l k l _ [ e kZ` v v h lZdbo dZdl m kh \ ^_e_gb _ \ l h qd_ jh klZ i_jbh ^bq _kdb ij_djZs Z_lkye ihy \e yxlky , Z ba Zj_ h gh\ u_ ih [_]b< j_a m evl Zl_ kl_[_ev bf __l qe_gb klh _ kl jh _ gb _ r_g b_ lhqdb jh klZ . . GZj m ij_djZs Z_l jh kl kl_[ey b k ihkh [kl\m _l ih y\ e_gbx [h d. hWlbfihijb_fh f \uo [_]h\ bgh]^Z ihevamxlky ^ey \_]_lZlb\gh]h jZafgh`_gby jZkl_gbc iml_f kj_aZgby \u k\_j eb\Zgb y lhqdb jh klZ . Kl_[_ev dZdl m kh \ kh ^_j`b l ^h ^u . ;hevrh _ 96% \h dh ebq_kl \h \h ,^u k h [_ggh klb kl j h _gby ( kl_[eyqb_ j_[_j, d h exq_d \h e h kd)h b h gZeb , \ hkh[_gghklb nbabheh]bb dZdlmkh\ ihfh]Zxl bf \u`blv \ kmjh\uo mkeh i j h b a j Z k l Z.g b y Dhjgb dZdlmkh\ lZd`_ ijbkihkh[e_gu d `bagb \ g_[eZ]hijbylguo mkeh\b . Fgh]b_ \b^u bf_x l o hj hr h j Za\ bl m x i h \ _ j o g h k l gm x d h jg _\ m x k h kiham ey_l . W l b l _ f \h wnn_dlb \g h bkih eva h \Zl v ^Z`_ g_[hev rh _ dh e bq_kl \h \u iZ\rb o h kZ^dh\ . G_dh lhju_ \ b ^ u d Z d l m(k h \ i j b f _ ,j j h ^ Z Ariocarpus) b f _ x l k b e v g h m l h e s _ g g u ,c \ d h j lg v h f gZ dh_ hj dh gp _gl j bjm_lky [h evrh _ dh e bq_kl \h ibl Zl_evgu o \h ]Zxs bo jZkl _gb x , ihf _s_kl \ i _ j _ ` b l v g _ [ e Z ] h i j b y l g u _ m k. eM \ bgy_ d h l h j u o d j m i g u o \ b ^ h \ i h ^ h [ g u _ d h j g b f h ] h


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: PRESSI ( HERSON )


. I j b w l h f f h ` _ l i h ] b [ g m l v l h , db kj h _ k _leZ l _ j y _ l q Z l[ v k i h k h [ g h k l v . j L Z db c d Z d l m k g _ m d j Z r Z _ l k \ h b f \ b .^ h< f i h ^ h e e _ u o b x Zkl h d h[g dp kbl m Zpb yo \_j o gxx qZklv b kih jq_ggh]h kl _[ey .fh `g h kj _aZl v H[jZah\ Z\rb_ky ba Zj_ h e h [ j _ a Z g g h ] h k l _ [ e y [ h d h \ u _ , h[ lmh^ m lq b bm d h j _ g _ g g u h f h ] m l g _ l h e v d h jkd , i fb kh o jZgb lv ^Zgguc \b^b m \_e bqb lv dh ee_dpbx kkl\ _gg h _ m ^Ze _gb _ l h qdb jhkl Z , gh . Bkd m i j b f _ g y x l l Z d ` _ ^ e y j Z a f g h ` _ g b y, \ g _ ^ h Z x s b o k Z f h k l h y l _ e v g h [ h d h \ u o h l j h k b ^\ b k_fygkf bee12 gZ p\ _lghc \de_c d_ (. . , « DZdl m k k kh eg_qg uf »). `h]hf h G _ k _ d j _ ,l q l h m d h j _ g _ g b _ k j _ a Z g g u o q _ j _ g d h \ g _ \ k _ ] ^ Z i j h o h ^ b l [ u k l .j h b m k i D j h f _ l h ,] h m s _ k l \ m x l l j m ^ g h m d h j _ g y _ f ,u b \ b Z k l Z \ b l v b o h [ j _ k l b g h \ u _ d h j g k _ a^u kh \k_f g_i j h klh . >ey m ki_r gh]h m dh j_g_g by q _j_gdh \ jZ aeb qgu o j Zkl_g bc m `_ ^Z\g i j b f _ g y x l k y k i _ p b Z e v g u _ k l b f m e b j m x s . Q \ Z sk l\ k _ ] h b k i h e v a m x l b_ _s_ _ \Z _kl_kl\ _gg uc ]hj fhg j h klZ ] _l_jhZ m> dkbg [dh . < . Eh (1984) ij_^eh `be f_lh ^ k b k i h e v a h \ Z g b _ f w l h ] h k l b f m e y l h j Z ^ e y m d h j > _ e yg my h j _Z dgl b yk h h ^ [ b j Z x l . g_ b d d g_ m i \ Z d l b \ g h j Z k l m s b _ d Z d l m k u b g Z j _ a Z x.l Qkl h [buo gq _ j _ g d b _ k l b b g, n _ d p b x g aZg bg klj m f_g l ^_abg nbpb jm xl ih ke_ dZ`^h]h kj _ aZ , qlh[u kh d h ^g h]h dZdl m k . Ke_^yl lZd` _ g _ i h i Z ^ Z e g Z k j _ a Z g g m x i h \ _ j o g h k l v ^ j m .] he]yh mZ khl j _ g bgyb y i j b ] h ^ g u ^ Z ` _ > jd _ \_j om r_ qgu _ qZkl b kl_[e_c k [he vrhc iehsZ^vx kj_aZ . < k h k l Z \ k l b f m e y l h j Z \ o h ^ b l d Z e b _ \ Z y k h e, v\ b ]l _ Z _ fh Z !m b e b ^ j m ] b _ i j _ i Z j ). l u e d b i y q _ g h c \ h ^ u j Z a 1 ly l [ e _ l d m aLF Z< 1 \h^ Z ]_l _jh Zm dkbg lZ[e_ldb \ bl ZfbgZ nm g] bp b^Z \h j ]hlh \y l g_ih kj_^kl\ _ggh ,2 Z 1] b . JZkl i_j_^ m ih lj_[e_g b_f \ gm `g h f d h ebq_kl\_ b bkih evamx l h ^g h djZlgh . JZkklZ\ e_gg u_ q_j_gdb a Zeb\ Zxl jZkl\h j hf qlh[u hg ihdjue bo kj_a u b g b` gxx h qZklv , lZd . I ^^hg k q _ j _ g d Z f b i h f _ s Z x l \ l _ i e b. q d m q r _ w l h ^ _ e Z l v g.ZMgl hhq v j Z k l \ h j k e b. \ Z x l Em jf < ^Zevg_cr _f q_j_gdb k h ^_j`Zl ijb l_fi_jZl m j _ 26--30 ° K \u k h d h c \eZ`ghklb b , g_\ ukh dhc h k\_s_ggh klb l Zd h f j_ `b f_ ijh p_kk d h jg_h [jZah\ Zgb y kl Zgh\ blky . Ijb a Z f _ l g u f q _ j _ a 6 ^ g _ c , Z g Z 10- c ^ _ g v [ h e v r b g k l \ h j Z k l _ g b c h [ j Z a m x l d h j g b 5-- 8-- .
Ijb\ b\dZ Ijb\b\ dZ dZdlm kh \ y\e y_lky kihkh[ h f bo kh ^_j`Zgb y b \_]_l Zlb\gh . jZafgh`_gby mlv ijb\b\db aZdexqZ_lky \ kjZsb\Zgbb ljm^gh dmevlb\bjm_f .K k [h e__ `b ag _klhc dbfb jZkl_g byfb [gufb h [_ki_qbl v bo jh kl b. IjZa\bl b_ , kihkh h ke_ i j b \ b \ d b h [ Z j Z k l _ g b y i j _ ^ k l Z \ e y x l _ ^ b g u c . hIj j]bZb \ b a f f h ` g h k i Z k l b p _ g g h _ \ gdhc dh ee_dp bhg gh_ jZkl_keb_ m g _]h kh o jZgb e Zkv o h ly [u qZklv kl _[ey beb Z , _gb g_[h evrb f d h e bq_kl \h f ldZg _c lu_ j Zk l_g by h [uqgh [u klj__ jZkl m lr_ b . Ijb\b , jZgv h [bev g__ gZqb gZxl p\_klb `_ \j _fy i jb\b\ db g_^ h e]h\_qg u b q_j_a g _d h lhjh _ . < lh , \j_fy ijb\blu_ jZkl_gby ijboh^blky ijb\b\Zlv aZgh\h beb mdhj_gylv . GZ ihi _j_qgh f kj_a _ kl _[ey dZdl m kZ o h jhrh \b^g h d h evph ijh \h ^ysbo i m qdh . >ey i j b \ b \ d b ` _ e Z l _ e v, gq lhh [ u d h e v p h i j h \ h ^ y s b o i m q d h \ i j b \ b \ Z _ f h(]ih b d Z) d l m k Z j \hy i h j Z a f _ j m [ u e h i j b f _ j g h j Z \ g h d h e v p m i j h \ h ^ y s b o i, m q Z hd h lZ dul c k Z g d \ d hj mhg ijb \b\Z_l ky ih^\h y ?ke b wlh k^_eZlv g_\h,af h `g h ( ). ^h [b\ Zxlky fZdkb fZe vgh]h k h \ f _ s _ g b y i j h \ h ^ y s b o i m q d h \ i j b \ h y b q li h [^ \ u yi h k e _ k j Z k l Z g b y h g b h [ j Z a h , hh _^bg m x kb kl_f m i jh \h ^ysbo . i>eyl_c m ijb\b\ db g_h[oh ^bfu khhl \_l kl\ m xsb _ b g k l j m f _ g l u b i j b g Z ^ e _ ` g h h g b b c h k l j u c g h ` b a g _ j ` Z \ _ x s _ c, j kalb gehb\ u _ : lkl d _Z


, q bkl u _ kZ en _ ld b ^ ey i j h l bj Z gb ki bjl ^ey , y gh`Z ^_abg n_dpbb b gkl jm f_g lZ b k_jZ ^ey ijb kuidb h klZ\ rb o ky h ldju lufb kj _ah\ . L_ogb dZ i j b \ b \ d b k \ h ^ b l k y d j y ^ m h i _ M pib c^ \ h y k j _ a Z _ l k y \ _ j o g y y q Z k,l e mkq r _ [ \ e y . jZ h v l gZqZev gh c qZklb ijb j h klZ l_dm s_] h ]h^Z . Hklju_ djZy kl_[ey h [j_aZxl , bg Zq_ ih\ _jogh klv kj_aZ i jb \ ukuoZgbb \l yg_l, ky kjZklZg b_ ij b\h y k ih^\h _f [ m ^_l b \ gmljv g_\ hafh` gh I h ke_ wl h ]h h ^gbf ^\b` _gb _ f gh`Z gZ ih ^\h_ kj_aZ_l ky lhg dZy ieZk . [uklj h gZdeZ^u\ Z_lky gZ k\h _ f _klh_h [ o h ^bfh . Wlh g , qlh[u kj _a [ue Z[kh exlgh . k\_` bf L Z d ` _ ^ _ e Z x l k j _ a g Z i j b \ h _ b [ u k l j h g Z d e Z ^ u \ Z x l , _ mh Z g Z \ i h ^ \ h c ] ^ eb ij_^\ Zjbl _evgh kj _aZg gm x i eZklb gd m g_kdh evdh \ jZ sZl _evg uo ^\ b`_gb c . >_eZxl ijb\h_f ^ey \ul_kg_gby imaujvdh\ \ha^moZ f_`^m kj_aZfb b fZdkbfZevgh]h ijh\h^ysbo imqdhhke_ wlh]h q_j_a ^gh ]hjrdZ ih^\hy gZ^_\Zxl g_kdhevdh j_a . I\ d h e _ p b i e h l g h k l y ] b \ Z x l i h ^ \ h c. D hi ebv\ h _ Z ^ h e ` g u h [ _ k i _ q b \ Z l v f Z d k b f Z e v k j pf ^ Z \ e _ g b _ g Z i j b ,\ hgc_ l j Z \ f b j m y ._ ]H ] h e _ g g u _ l d Z g b i h ^ \ h y i j b k u i Z x l j hkf _ _ j h c h .D j _ a b g h d b k i h e v a m x l b ^ j m ] b _ i j b k i h k h [ e _ g b y ^ e y k ^ Z \ \ e b` gZ g b b r k l _ [ e _ c , Z \ h ey v h [ _ k i _ q _ g b _ g _ h [ o h ^ b f h ] h m k b e b y k ` Z l b y i h ^ .\ h y b i j b \ h y Ijb\ blh _ j Zkl_g b_ ihf_s Zxl \ l_i e bqd m bqh d b eb ih ebwl be_gh\ uc f _rh d b i h , iZjg i h ^ k u o Z g b y k j _ a Z h [ b e v g h. Hhi eu kZ x l\ Z g b _ f h ` g h g Z q b g Z l v l h e v d h i h k e _ i j b\ db k j Z k l Z g b y i h ^ \ h y b . i j b \ h w l h l j _ [ m _ l k y g _ f _ g _ _ h ^ g h. cJ _ g b_ g b \ u _ d h e v p Z GZ y a_^ eh beb ^jm ]b _ i jbkih k h [e_gby emqr_ i _j_^_j`Zlv , q_f kgylv jZgh . GZb[h e__ [eZ]hijb ylguf \j _f_g _f ^ey ijb \b\db kqb lZ_lky e _lh ^Z jZkl_gb y bg l_g kb\gh Djh f_ l , dh] . jZklm h i b k Z g g h ] h k,i ^h k h g Z h l h j u o \ b ^ ] e Z \ g u f h [ j Z a h f w i ,b inj b f h \ y _ l k y ey [ _d , h\ l_g i j b \ b \ d Z d e b g » (Aporocactus, Rhipsalis, Schlumbergera) b « \ j Z k s _ i (Rhipsalis, « hf » Schlumbergera). Em qrb fb m gb\ _jkZevgu fb ih ^ \h y fb y\ eyxlky ij_^klZ\b l_eb jh^Z Eriocereus, Echinocereus, Trichocereus, Selenicereus b g _ d h l h j u _ ^ j m.] > b _ y k _ y g p _ \ o h j h r b f i h ^ \ h _ f y \ e Hyllocy eus e y _ k er triangularis, Z ^ e y w i b n b l g u o dPereskia k huleata. K l _ [ e b i h ^ \ h _ \ ^ h e ` g u [ u l v Z d l m ac \ f y ] d b f b b k h q .g J Z b l _ g b y k l \ _ j ^ u f b h ^ j _ \ _ k g _ \ r b f b k l _ [ e y f b ^ e y i j b \ b \ d b ufk g _i jb ]h ^g u . Ijb\ b\dZ [_am keh ,\ghh[e_]qZ_l kh ^_j`Zg b_ lj m ^gu o \ b^h \ dZdl m kh \ b fh`_l ki Zkl , p _ g g h _ j Z k l _ g b _ h l ] .b H _ ^ e b d h ^ h e ] h e _ l g b c h i u l \ u j Z s b \ Z g b y j Z k l,_ glb c i h d Z [ gZ qh ijb ] jZ fhl ghf m o h ^_ i jZdlb q_kdb ex[u_ lj m ^g u_ \b^u fh`gh kh ^_j`Zl v gZ kh [kl d h j g y o m k e h \ b y Z e h h l e b q Z x s b o k y h l k h ^ _ j ` Z g b y \ k _ c K h e e_ _ d\ k _ b, h^ h ,\ , fo . ddhj p ]b gZqZeZ bo p\ _l_gb y i h lj_[ m _lky ]h jZa^h [hev r_ m i_gb blu o wda_f ieyjh \ , q_f \j_f jb\ , gh ^ _ e h l h ] h k . h b l\ b l u _ d Z d l m g _ u f h l j y g Z j Z a e b q b _ f gj y ^ becb y \ e y x l k y \ l Ijb , kk , \ _g ih eg h f k fu ke_ m djZr _gb _f dh ee_dp bb b ihdZaZl_e_f \ ukh d h ]h m jh \g y dm e wdah lb q_kdbo jZkl _gb c .

MOH> A: DHEE?DPB?C < E?LGBC I?JBH> H [ h j m ^ h \ Z g b _ b f _ l h ^ u k h ^ _ j ` Z g b y d h e emdkpeb b b y o k j _ ^ g _ c i h e h k u J h k k b b .< _ h\ \_] _lZp bhg guc k_ah g m dZdl m kh \ gZqb gZ_l ky dhh[]^Z k h egp_ _ gZqb gZ_l qZs _ , uqgh \ fZjl a Z ] e y ^ u \ Z l v \ . h> g _ g Z _ f i _ j Z l m j Z g Z , ] ^ g _ k l h b l d h e e , d[pubkyl j h i h \ u r Z _ , k y df l hd_ _ l ag Zqbl _evgh ij_\ urZy ^\Z^pZl b] jZ^m kgu c j m [_` gZqb l abfh\ dZ dhg qbeZkv b . Wlh a , qlh ^ey dZdl m kbkl Z g Zqbg Z_lky o eh ihl gh_m \ ku ihj Z i _j_\h ^blv g Z e_lg__ . D Zdl j_fy kh ^_j`Zg b_. Ijhp _kk i _j_\h ^Z ^ h e` _g [ul v ihkl_i_g gu f b ^ h klZlh qgh

: PRESSI ( HERSON )


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. W l h g _ k h \ k _ f. KZ d^ y lm i h k h [ k l \ _ g g h f m , hy ukl q m l , q x h ^ e y d Z d l m k h \ \ k _ ` _ e m q r _ x ` g Z y h j b _ g l Z p b y i b Zl fZdkb f m f kh egpZ . < l Zdbo m keh \b yo ijb ] jZ fhlghf mo h ^_ e_] q_ kh o jZgb lv ijZ\ b nhjf m k l _ [e_ o Z jZd l _j g m x ^ ey j Z kl J_g bc f_ _l, ki yb k h h l\ _ lk l\ m x s_ f i h ^[ h j _ ,c . Zam j \ b ^ h \ f h ` g h ^ h [ b l v k y g _ i e h o b o j _ a m e v l Z l h \ i h q l b i j b e x [ h c h j b _ g l< Z p b b d h . e x [ h f k e m q Z _ j Z k k l Z g h \ d b d h e e _ d p b b g Z \ h a ^ m o _ g _ h [ o h ^ b f Z _ _ a. Z s b l Z E m qrb f fZl _jbZeh f ^ey wl h ]h y \e y_lky ih ebwlbe_g h\e bqb ie_g dZ . < hl Zy _ h l kl_deZ h gZ ijhi m kdZ_l [h evr _ m evlj Znbh e_lh, \uo e m q_c Z_l m keh \b y kh^_j` Zgby qlh ijb [eb` d Z d l m k h \ d _ k l _ k l \ _ g g h c j b j w_ l h f k l _ [ e b b d h e x q d b j Z k l _ g b c \ u ] e y ^ y l f h s g . I k _^ djZkb\ ,__ q_f ih^ kl_dehf . G Z ^ _ ` g Z y b ^ h e ] h \ _ q g Z y d h g k l j m d p b y a Z h d h g g h c i h .e6. b h iehddZZ a Z g Z g Z dI k d h e Z q b \ Z _ l k y b a ^ h k h d 20--25 g fh cQ _ j _ a f _ l Z e e b q _ k d b _ i j h m r b g u d [ h d Z f lhesbf . i h e d b i j b d j _ i e y x l k y j Z k l y ` d b b a k l Z e v g h c i j h \ h e h d b f f . eK Z g b c h d h e h 4 lh sb fh i j h m r b g u g Z ^ _ ` g h d j _ i y l k y d i h e d _ k i h f h , v m j m\ h h \ ^ _ c e b [ h e l Z \ srx ] ia b . Gh k l h j h g _ i h e d b j Z s _ g g h c d ,h d j gi m l k y _ s _ ^ \ _ l j b k l Z e v g u _ i j h m r b g u ^ e y , h[ d_ y d j _ i e _ g b y d h d h g g h c . d?hs j _ h ^[\ _ d i j h m r b g u d j _ i y l k y d [ h d h \ b g Z f h d h g g h c d _ . AZ gb o p _iey xlky k\h [ h ^gu _ dh gpu jZkly` _d . >ey nbdkZpb b ihe db gZ gb`g _c qZklb hdhgghc dhjh[db g_h[oh^bfh ijhk\_jeblv \ g_c hl\_jklby b iehlgh aZ[bl \ l m e d b k \ g m l j _ g g _ c j .a Ivj h h cr b g u i h e d b d j _ i y l d \ l m e d Z f k h h l \ _ l k l \ m x s b f b _ [m [ h e l Z .f >be Z l v \ k _ g Z ^ h i j h q g h b g ,Zl^ _Zgdh d Z d \ _ k [ h e v r h c i h e d b k d Z d l m k Z _ ` \_kv fZ \gm rb l_e_g . DZjdZk ^ey ihebwlbe_gh\h]h ihdjulby gZ ihed_ ^_eZxl ihklhygguf be kdeZ^gu ey dZjdZkZ i h ^h c^_l klZevgZy ijh\heh dZ ^b Zf_l j .hf h h d h e h ]hl h \e _gb y dZj dZk 4 ff I ke_ ba i e h l g h h [ f Z l u \ Z x l i h e b o e h j \ b g b e h \ h c \ bha^ b g _ g lehhB a h e _ g l Z i j _ ^ h o j Z g b l , h e k . cc i j h \ h e h d m h l j ` Z \ q , g ui h e b w l b e _ g b a e b r g _ ] h b k l b j Z g b y b i _ j _ ] j _ \ Z g Z f _ l Z e bZ ­ hl . Rbjb g m i h edb emqr_ k^_eZlv g_kdh evdh [ h evr_ rb jbgu;m^_l d _gv r_ . ih ^h f h ggbdZ l j m ^ g h k l _ c k j Z k k l Z g h \ d h c. IdhZ d lw l k h \ _ g h \ h _ i h d j u l b _ d j _ i y l d l h j p Z f i h e d eb m be i h f h s v x f _ e d b o ] \ h a ^ _ ci h ^ d e Z ^ d Z f b i h ^ r .e K i d b l h j h g u d h f g Z l u ^ _ e Z x l ,k yh k h l d b ^g mx r l h j I jm Z ] Z _ f Zy d h g k l j mh p b y j Z a b a ]h lh \ e _ g g Z y b i h ^h ] g Zg g Z . d _^e , d^bg f _ k l mb a [ Z \ b l h l e b r g b o o e h i h l g Z .^ h e ] h _ \ j _ f y , G _ ^ h k l Z l h d a Z h d h g g u ob o h feZ e u c h [ ,t _ d Zbd k e _ ^ k , \ q b_ a f _ j g h \ u k h d Z y ­i hd f l j_ l_f i_jZl m jZ b k m o h klv . \ha^Zdbo m keh \byo ij b g_^h klZlh qghf iheb\ _ dZdl m < l moZ fh] m l ih em qbl v kh eg_qg u_ ihwlh fm h [t_f ie_gh qgh]h ihdjulb y ^ h e `_g [u lv , h `h]b \ha fh`gh [ h evrbf b \_glb e bjm_fuf . AZ^gyy rlhj dZ ihe db e_lhf h [uqgh h klZ_lky ih klhyggh h ldjulhc . G_ bkdexq_gh , qlh ijb^_lky k^_eZlv ^h ihe gbl_ev gu_ h dgZ \ [ h d h \ u o k l _ g d Z oh j y h l _ f i _ j Z l m j g h f j _ ` b f _ ^ e y d Z, dm m_ k lhg\ h \ k i h f ,g q b h v . =h\ lf k ll W b .; E w f (1984), b f _ x s b _ [ h e v r h c h i u l h j Z g ` _ j _ c g h ] h \ u j Z s b \ Z g b y k, m d d m e _ . u k q b l Z x l h i l b f Z e v g h c ^ e y d Z d l m k h \ l _ f i38Z l K j G h \ u r l_ h \ h j Z g, ` _ g_ _ Z _j ° m m w . j aZh d h gguo ih edZo l ZdZy \ ukhdZy l_fi_jZlm j Z . _^\Z

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< j y ^ e b f h ` g h k h ] e Z k b l v . E hk[ d< (1984), i j _ ^ e Z ] Z x s b f k Z ` Z l v d Z d l m k u \ m a ky h> b \ u k h d b _ ] h j ,r jd ba f _ j d h l h j u o \ i h i _ j _ q g h f k _ q _ g b b f g h ] h f _ g v r _ k l _ [ e . j Z k l _ g Z y < l Zdh c ih km ^_ dZdl m ku e_] dh i_j_kZ^ dZ i j_\ jZlb lky \ :f ihd m [m cl _ , Z a Zeblv m ijh g Z k u i Z l v i h q \ m \ ] h j Zh du l u c d Z d.l m h j h fa ^ h e m q r _ ^ e y d Z d l m k Z b _ ] h \ e Z ^ , ar dj =kZ , _keb \hdjm ] kl_[ey ^h djZy ]hjrdZ h klZ_lky k\h[ h ^gh _ i j h kljZgkl\h ^ey jhk m ^ h [ g h ] h i h. e< be\ Z [ h f k e m q Z _ h i j _ ^ _ e y x s b f d j b l _ j b _ f \ u [ h j Z j Z a f _ j Z i h k m ^ u i h x i_j_kZ^dm y\ ey_lky \_eb qbgZ d h jg_\hc kbkl_fu jZkl_gb y . =hjrdb k dZdlmkZfb m^h[gh mklZgZ\eb\Zlv ]jmiiZfb g. ki_pbZevgu Z I h ^ ^ h g u g _ l h e v d h k h [ b j Z x l e b r g x x \ h ^ m , igj b i h e h a_ \ h e y x l e _ ] d h h b i b\ i_j_f _sZlv jZkl _gby . Mqblu\Zy h g h `db ]hjr dh\ h [uqgh ^_eZxlky g _[he vrbf b , ql , ijb i h e b \ _ \ Z ` g, hq l h [ u \ u l _ d Z x s Z y \ i h ^ ^ h g u \ h ^ Z g _ k h f d g m e Z k v k ^ h g p Z f b ] h ijb \_e Z d aZkl hcgh fm m \e Z`g _gbWlh]h fh `g h ba[_` Zlv ^\ m fy ki: h k h [Zfb . x i h q \u m \_e bqb lv \u k h lm g h `_d ]h jr d h\ b e b \eh `b lv \ ih ^^hg f_l Zeebq_kd m x j_r _ld m k h l h ] g m l u f b \ g b a g.h < ` d Z k b _ ^ g _ f k e m q Z _ ^ e y b a ] h l h \ e _ g b y j _ r _ l d b h q _ g v m ^ h [ ihf e h pbgdh\ Zgg Zy k \Zj gZy f_l Zeebq_kdZy k_ldZIjb m b a]hjh^_c j_r _ldb . ^ey klZg h \d_ h li Z^Z_l g_h[oh ^bfh klv keb \Zl v be b h lkZku \Zlv \h ^m b a ih ^^ h gh\ .\ ke m qZ ( kf b e .e4, 5 b6 g Z p \ _ l g h c \ d e, _ « = j_ m i i Z d Z d »). k h \ cd lm H^gZdh \_jg _fky h l l_ogbq_kdb o i jbki h k h [e_gb c d mo h ^m a Z dh ee_dp b_c . Bgl _gkb \gh klv ih eb\Z dZdl m kh \ \ k_ah g \ _]_l Z pb b h ij_^_ey _lky ] eZ\ guf h [jZ l_f i_jZl m jh c \h a^ m o Z b ih lj_[g h klvx jZkl _gbc\h \ afh` gh ^Zlv _^bg h]h j _ p_i lZ . G_ \h ^_ ih e b\ Z wlh k\h _]h jh ^Z b kdm kkl\ _^h klZlh qghf ihe b\_ ih q \Z ijh k h o g_l j Zgvr_ ­ . Ijb g h \ j _ f _ g b , i j b i _ j _ e b \ _ b a i h q \ u m o h ^ y l i b l Z l _ e v g u _ ,\ _ g _ k l[ \ o h ^ b f u _ ^ e y j h k l Z sh Z j Z k l _ g b cZ ` _ i j b [ h e v r h f h i u l _ j Z a \ _ ^ _ g b y d Z d l m k h \ g _ e v a y b a [ _ ` Z l v h r b [ h .> i h l h f, ml h \ ] h j r d Z o j Z a g h ] h h [ t _ f Z i h q \ Z i j h k u o Z _ l g _ . \ I jh ^ gh j b \ _ j g lyZ p b b q b h _f d h e e _ d p b b \ x ` g h f g Z i j Z \ e _ g b b \ e _ l g b _ i j f _ k\ u p u d b o ^ g _ \ g u o b g h q g u o , b ykh l_f i_jZl m jZ o h [uqgh ^hkl Zlhqgh h ^g h]h iheb, \Z \ bkih evah\ Zgb y ihe ghc ^ h g _^_ex \e Z]h _fdhkl b ihq G h wlh ebrv h [sbc h, j b_glbj h f kem qZ_ g Z^h m qbl u\ Zlv . \u b \ dZ`^ d h g d j _ l g u _ m k e. h< \ b y g p _ e _ l Z b h k _ g v x i h e b \ i h k l _ i _ g g h k h d j Z s Z x l b i h e dh


15°. ? k l v j h ^ u b \ , d h l h j u _ l j _ [ m x l b^u ih kl h ygg h ]h m f_j_gg h ]h iheb\Z \ l_q_gb _ \ k_]h gk_ahg Z . D bf\ qZklghklb , , hlgh kylky Z j b h d Z j i m k u b j h a _ h ,d e _ d l m_ k u _ j ] b, yb k e Z, c[bZ j l r _ e e,Zh [ j _ ] h g b y Z col g[ , wo bg h fZkl g_h]h f_kb y b < ^j e x[hf kem qZ _ d h q_j_^gh fm i h eb\m i h q\Z \ ]h j rh qdZ , m ku . ^ h e ` g Z i j h k h o g m h v g _ [ u l v i _ j _ k m r _ g g j h c_ j y l v k h k l h y g b _ i h q \ u \ ] h j r h q d Z o , gl . I h\ m ^ h [ g h k i h f h s v x d m k h q d Z j ` Z \ h c k l Z e v g h c i j h \ h e h d b ^ b,5 f _ f .j h f i j b f _ j g h 1Z f l Ijh \h e h dm Zdd m jZlg h \ lu dZxl ^ h ^j_g Z`Z m klKujZy]h hrdZ h klZ\ ey_l g Z g _c . _gdb i j q\Z \ e Z ` g u _ k e _ ^ u b f _ e d b _ d h f h q d b ( k _ ff b b .e3 g Z p \ _ l g h c \ d e, _ « :dj b h d Z j i m»).u a. ee c_ k I h e b \ Z l v d h e e _ ,d h k h [ _ g g h _ k e b h g Z , [ m ehv[rgZhy b a g _ [ h e v r h .c I eb_ c d b pbx h^ j m f _ g b b i Z y l v l Z d m x e _ c d m e _ ] d h b a ] h l h \ b l v b a d h g k _ j \ g h c [ Z. g d b i h ^ o F h ` g h d m i b l v ] h l h \ m x g _ [ h e v r m x e _ c d .mQ b h [ iue Zj k l b h e b \ _ \ h ^ Z g _ la i b i dZ aZoe_klu \Ze Z ] ,h jZaf _j \ uoh ^g h]h h l\_jklb y m e _cdb ^h e` _g [ul v g_[h evrb f j rdb . ?ke b e_cdZ f_l Zeeb q_kdZy , g_ ebrg bf [m^_l g Z^_lv gZ dhg_p j uevpZ dm kh q_d j _ab gh\h c i h e b o e h j \ b g b e h \ h c l. j m [ ldhb i j _ ^ h o j Z g b l d Z d l m k u h l \ h a f h ` g u o l j Z \ f h k l j u f b W d j Z y f. b> e y i h e b \ Z ] h ^ b l k y h [ u q g Z y \ h ^ h i j h \ h ^ g h yg _ \ hb^ Z k d \ Z ` b g u b ,Z a h l k l h y g. gY \ Z y g _ ] h ^ b l k y \ h ^ Z b a d ,h h [ h^ p _Z s _ g g Z y k h e y f b d Z e v p b y b ^ j m ] gh eh ] \ we_f_g lh \ . DZd m `_ ]h\h jbehkv iheb\Z \ l_ieh _ \ j_fy ijh\h ^yl j_] m eyjgh _ hi jukdb\ Zg b_ , dj h f_ dh ee_dp. bb E_lhf h ijukdb\ Zxl jZ aZ \ km l db \ m lj_g gb _ b \_q_jg .b_ qZku 1--2 G _ ` _ e Z l _ e v g h h i j u k d b \ Z l v g Z i h e g h fZ ikehbe gh ^ u g Z k l _ [ e y o f h ] m l j Z [ h l Z l ,d \ p_ f Z e _ g v d b _ e b g a u b ^ _ e Z . v hl ` h f m ` _ \ h ^ Z \ w l h \ j _ f y [ u k l j h b ,k g Z ^j y _ \ lZky lD ]b i_ Z y ^ h e ` g h ] h w n n. _ dhl ^ Z ^ e y h i j u k d b \ Z g b y ^ h e ` g Z [ u l v h [ y a Z, l begvZ q h kfhye] b h c
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8--10°. J Z a m f _ _ l, ki y q \ Z \ ] h j r d Z o d w l h f m \ j _ f _ g b ^ h e ` g Z [ u l v. i j h k h o h < a Z\b kbfh klb hl ih]h ^u ij_[u \Zgb_ d h ee_dp bb g Z m ebp _ fh `_l ijh^h e `Zl vky k_gl y[jy b ^Z`_ gZqZeZ h dly[jy _klv \hafh` ghkl v k^_eZlv ih ^h]j _\ , l_i h d . ?ke b kj ebqdb i j _ [ u \ Z g b y f h ` g h m ^ e b. gD h v ^ Z \ k _ \ h a f h ` g h k l b k h ^ _ j ` Z g b y d h e e _ d p b b g Z m e bl] bkq_ji Zgu __ a Zghky l \ ^ h f b i j h ^h e `Zxl ]hlh \blv (dk f bee7d_ , . abfh\ gZ p\_lgh c . \de_c d_ « G_h ihj l_jb b p\ _lm l ]e m [h dh c »). k_gvx , h

I _ j _ k Z ^ d Z b ^ h i h e g b l _ e v g Z y i h ^ d h j f d .Z Kda hdgl m_ ]k_ l Z p b w l h _ s _ b \ j _ f y _Z \ h\ ­ b i_j_kZ^db dZdl m < kh \ . aZ\b kbfh klb hl kh klZ\ Z ih q \u i_jbh ^bqgh klv i _j_kZ^db dZd bf __l j Zagm x ij h ^h e `b l_evgh kl v . DjZcg_ g_`_eZl_evgh ^h\h ^blv ihq\ m ^h ih egh]h b k l h s _ g .b J Z k l _ g b y [ m ^ m l g _ l h e v d h ,i e h o b ^ j Z \ k llb m j h ^ e b \ u _ i j b j < h k l u y gh h Zv . b k l h s _ g g h c i h q \ _ d Z d l m k u i e h ,o k b a b f m x \ l g m l b i h ^ .] H b \ e Z [ e _ g g u _ h evgh y g kZxl lZdbf h [jZahf jZkl_gb y [he__ \hki jbbfqb\u d jZaeb qguf . aZ[h e_\Zg byf I_j_kZ^dm fh` gh i j h \h ^blv i jZdlb q_kdb \ ex[h _ \j_f y _keb \ wlh f _klv g _ h [o h .^bfh klv , ]h ^Z DZd wlh gb ihdZ` _lky klj Zgg uf vg Z i _j_ kZ^dZ dZ dl m kh \ \ k_ah g h\ _ k h Zpb b , g_` _eZl_e , ]_l [_ggh \ i_j\hc _]h iheh\b. g_ I_j_kZ^dZ \ wl h \j _fy i_j_gh kbl ky jZkl_g byfb e_] h j h bc , gh o d hr i j b j h k l h g b h [ u q g h ^ Z x l e b r v g Z k e _ .^ m xq _ sb ^ g h,] h g h ] h \ j _ f _ g b m o h ^ b l g Z H \ bc f^ Z^ZilZp bx d gh \h c ih q\_ b h ljZkl Zgb mdh j g_c . E _ qr_ gZqZl v i_j_kZ^d m \ dh gp _ \_] _lZp bb M jZkl _gbc . , i_j_kZ` _gg uo \ dhgp _ e_lZ ­ gZqZe_ h k_gb b ,i h a` _ sb c l_dm i j b j h k l m ` _ a Z \ _ j r _ g b e b g Z o h ^ b l k y \ k l Z ^ b b . a Zg\ _ br _ o h j y r h i _ j _ g h k y l H j gb h i _ j _ k Z ^ d m b m d h j _ g , Z l k y e _ ^ m x s _ f k _ a h g _ ^ Z x l i h e g h p _ g g u. cD ij hbf j _ h l hl ,] h yx \ k j k \h afh `gZ i_j_kZ^dZ jZgg _c \_kghc k h [kl\_g gu c h iul i_j_kZ^db kh l_g j Zkl_g bc . Fh c j Z g g _ \ _ k _ g g b c i _ j b h ^ ^ h g Z q Z e Z \ _ ] (lfZ pj lb l Z d ` _ i h d Z a Z e h q _ g v o h j h r b _ _ Z)b j_a m evl Zlu . I_j_kZ^dZ kl bf m ebj h \Ze Z i j h [m `^ _gb _ j Zkl_g bc kljh gZeb \Ze bkv b , h gb [u l j h ] Z e b k v \ , j h h e g h k l v x b k i h e v a h \ Z e b \ _ ] _ l Z p b.h Ighgl uj v k j _ _ ab g ^ h j h \ u o i kl _c ^ha i_j_kZ` _gg uo dZdl m kh \ g_. [ueh < u l j y o b \ Z y b a ] h j r d Z , dgZbd l\ m k _ f k e m q Z _ g _ e v a y \ u l y ] b \ Z l v _.] W lahZ k l _ [ _ e dh h ]jh ab l h lju\h f d h .jg_c b ^h gp_ ]h j rh qdZ g_ \ugb,fZ_l ky ?ke ^j_gZ` gh_ h l\_jklb _ g _ h [ o h ^ b f h j Z k r b .j b l h ] ^ Z f h ` g h \ u l h e d g m l v b a ] h j r d Z a _ f e y g h c d h f i b g p Lv ih ^o h ^ys_]h ^bZf_l jZ iZeh qd h c Zy q_j_ a ^j_gZ` gh_ h l\_jklb _ g Z i jbdju\ Zxsb c , gZ`bf _]h q_j _ihd. ?ke b ^ h gp _ \u gb fZ_l ky , a_f eyg h c dh f \ ulZedb\ Zxl k _]h . ihf`gh x F h h sv lZd`_ i_j_\_jg m lv dZdlmk \ \_jo dh jgyf b b , ijb^_j`b\Zy , ihklmdb\Zlv djhfdhc ]h jrdZ h d j Z c k l h e Z b e b l. Z [bm j Z Zh l _ k d j m i g u f b b k b e v g h d h e x q b f b j Z k l _ g b y f b Ij _l[ gZ^h g Z^_lv jm dZ\b p m b eb. M \ ul jyogm lh ]h ba ]h jr dZ j Zkl_g by \ gbfZl _ev i_jqZl d m h k f Z l j b \ Z x l d h j g _ \ m x k .b ? k _ e b d h j g b i e h o h j Z a \ b l u b e ,b _ ]ih ^ i j g b je \ b x l kl fm h ] h] _ Z \ \h^_ i jb l _ f i _j Zl m j _ 45--55 ° K \ l _q _ gb_15--20 fb g m l aZ \b kbf h k l b hl jZaf _ jZ ,\ k l _ [ e. y< _ j o g b f l _ f i _ j Z l m j g u f i j _ ^ _ e h f g Z ^ h i h e v a h \ Z l v k y e b r v i j b g ,h [ o h ^ b f h _ dh ]^Z [ h e_ag v jZkl_g by a Zre Z ke brd h i_jZl m j m ° dZ dl m ku i_j_g h kyl. e_] d h . L_f f ^Ze_dh 50 I j h ] j _ \ g _ l h e v d h m [ b \ Z _ l [ h e _ a g _ l \ h j g u _ h, j ]gZ g b a k l b f m e b j m _ l j h k l . d Z d l m k h fu > Z g g u c f _ l h ^E h [ d 1984) ^ Z _ l l Z d ` _ o h j h r b _ j _ a m e v l Z l u \ l h, f d k e ^m q ZZ k l _ g b y ( ,h h] Z j _ gb dZd g _ ` _eZxl ljh]Zl vky \ jh kl . F h q d h \ Z l u _ d h ,j g_ k e b h g b y \ g h \ _ e b d b ^ e y f]hh` g h Z h ^ j _ a Z l v [ _ a m s _ j [ Z ^ e y b , jrd i j Z k l _ g b y h e v r b g k l \ h d Z d l m k h \ o h j h r h \ h k k l Z g Z \ e b \ Z x l d h j g \ _ bmh \ k b k l _ f m .; .M \ ^x l j m ^ g h \ h k k l Z g Z \ e b \ Z _ f u f b d hsj troy f ytu m, Melocactus b ^ j.) w l h ] h ^ _ e Z l v g _ e v a y (A g ph b . K l _ j ` g _ \ u _ d h j g b g _ h [ j _ a Z x lZ g _ \ u _ m q Z k l d b d h j g _ c ^ h i h k Z ^ d b ^ h e ` g u , i h ^ k h o .J lZd dZd q_j_a g bo \h afh` gh i j h gb dgh\ _ gb _ j Zaebqgu >eyb gn_dpb c .o wl h ]h dZdl m ku ^h


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BK IH EV AM ? F :Y EB L?J: LM J: : g ^ _ j k h g .= D Z d l m k u \ g Z r _ f Fh fB g l _ j [ m d [ b a 19_ 96. 159 k . ^ .: _ ,g k . ; _ e h m k X . G Z d l m k u ^ e y g Z q b .g F .:x A b H B a ^ «h d k». h> h g _ p d Q I B a ^ \ h D Z s :o \W f : © Kdbn, 2001. 368 k » . ; h j b k _ g d h .L DB d l m K u j Z \ h q g b d b _ :\ G Z m d h \ Z ^,m f d Z287 k Z .ki .D 1986. . < Z g ^ _ j G _ _ j . < k _ h d Z d l mK Z[o H H H K A D W H D, j 20k l.Z e8e k . k I .: b 04 20 . < _ j f _ e z g G. D Z d l m F .: B a ^ \ h D e Z ^ _ a v . [ m d.k 4 k . ku 2001 14 . < b l \ b p d b c L D e b f Z l u K _ \ _ j g h c : f _ j . F .: = h. kb a ^ \ h ] _ h ] j Z n b q _ k d h c .G bdb ebl _jZl m ,ju 1953. 288 k . B e v y r _ g d h .,H; _ h g_ : 2003. . A Z e _ l Z _ \ Z . B g b ] Z h d Z. dF .: D Z e ,h1k 2. 192 k D: l m k h o 97 . D e b f Z l b q _ k d b c k i j Z \ h q g b d X ` g h c : f _ Ib d bj _ ^ . ^ j Z ] _ h ] j g Z m d . : EG[ _ ^ _ \ Z . / j h^ . _ E.: = b^jh f_ l _ hb a^Zl , 1975. 369 k . E h [ d h . >< Z r b « a _ e _ g u _ _ ` b d ». F b g k dI h e u f ,y1984. 127 k < b : .

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E w f , W w f . ;D Z d l m F .: F b j , 1984. 182 k E . ku . F h o h \ ?. D Z d l m K u [ D j b k l Z, e e01. 256 k J . k I .: 20 . G b d h g h. \ K h a \ _ a ^ b _ d Z d l.m kZ i\ b k d b e x [. bK _ \ ej ^ y h \ k d K j _ ^ g _ M j Z e v k d h. _ d g G Ah l_ e : ba^ \h 1978. 136 k , . K _ f _ g h \ .> < . D Z d l m k u b ^ j m ] b _ k m d d m e _ g l u \ . ^ K f_ j _ b b« @ \ b khZc^ m b j \ h d j m ] h y \ f g Z k F .: A : H N b l h+», 2001. 256 k ». « g . K _ f _ g h \ > < . D Z d l m k h e g u c k i j Z \ h q .g F .: : K L I J ? K K D G, B = : . 338 k :Iu bd 2004 . M ^ Z e h \ Z . J K:_ f _ c k l \ h d Z d l m k hactoceae). < d g @ b a g v j Z k l _ g b c (C \ u _ . . F .: I jh k\_s _g b_ , 1980. K 353--361. . M ^ Z e h \ Z .,J < v x ] b g Z G < = b j _ d Z d l m. kB a ^ Z g b _ \ l h .j hF_ .: G Z m 1983. 144 k : .f h\ ,dZ . Mj[Zg . :Dh exq__ q m ^h
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3. Ariocarpus trigonus (Web.) Scheidw. H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v k _ j h a _ e _ g u c k l Z j u o j Z k l _ g b c r Z j h 8--g u c f \ ^ b Z f _ l ,j .K ,m , \ b ^ 10 k k r _ j k l b k l h c \ _ j o m r. d> e y \ b ^ Z o Z j Z d l _ j g u ^ e b (3--u _ k f l j _ o ] j Z g g u _ f y k b hc g g 5 ), kh k h qdb , aZhkl j_gg u_ b l\_j^u_J_[jZ \u jZ` _ gu ke Z[h e u h q_gv f _edb_gZ . . : j_h , \ _ j o m r d _ k l _ [ e y k f g h ] h q b k e _ g g u f b \ .h P \ hl k d Z [f e _ ^ g h ` _ e l u _ b e b [ ,_ e^ h 6 e _ db b u_ kf \ ^bZf _lj_ jZa\b\ Zxlky ba r_jkl bkl uo . Zdkb ee , Ieh^u [_eh \Zlh a _e_gu_ . : j_Ze ­ F_dkbdZ m w\h E, _ h g Zm ebi Zk (G LZf ). D m e v l. m j Z d b i j _ ^ u ^ m s b c _ g v f _ ^ e _ g g h j Z k l m s b. cL \ j b[ ^ m _ l i _ k q Z g h c i h DZ , hq _ , k h k l h y s _ c2 b Z k l _ c i _ k d 1 q Z k l b i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c i. hIq hue b \ m f _ j _ g g u c h e v d h qa Zb \ ,l l _ i e u _ ^ g b @ _ e Z l _ e v g h e _ ] d h _ i j b l _ g ,_ ghbk_ h [ _ g g h ^ e y f h e h ^ u o j Z k lbg b c . . A _ fh kh ^_j`Zl i j b 10--12 ° K Dh jg_kh [kl\_g gu _ j Z kl_g by aZp \_l Zxl >Zgg uc . . ih a^gh wda_fiey j \ i_j\u_ aZp\_e \ e_l. 15

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4. Astrophytum asterias (Zucc.) Lem. H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v i j b i e x k g m l h r Z j h ,b^ h 10c k f \ ^ b Z f _ l ,j _ [ _ a d h e x ,q _ d .K \ ^gu k d j m i g u f b o e h i v _ \ b ^ g u f b d j Z i b g ,5 fkbf ^ \ h ^ b Z f _ l ,j _ [ _ a [ h d h \ u o i h [ _ ] h \ 0Z , l j Z \ y g b k l h a _ e _ g u c b e b l _ f g h . a _ e j _ Z (8,c b g h ] ^ 6--10) i e h k d b _ b r b j h d b _ J [ gu Z , j Z a ^ _ e _ g g u _ l h g d b f b g _ ] e m [ h d b f b [. h: j j hhae^ d Z d b i g ,u d j m ] e ,u k e _ ] d Z _ u fjm _ _ \^Z\ e_gg u_, [_eh\ Zlh k_ju _P\_l db k h e hf_g gh ` _elu _ j`Z\h dhj bqg _ \u f be b . ,k dZjfbg gh djZkguf , a _\hf kf \ ^bZf_lj_ ih y \eyxlky gZ qm lv \^Z\e_g ghc . \_jom rd_ 4--6 , Ieh ^u k_j h \Zlh dj Zkgu _ bkl.u_ j_Ze ­ KR: ( L_oZk ebg Z J bh =jZg ^_ , fyk : , ^h ), F_dkbdZ L ZfZm ebi Zkw\h E)._ h g , Gm D m e v l. m j e _ l g b c i _ j b h ^ i h e b \ j _ ] m e y j g u c g _ h [ b e v g uZcd \ k _ Z k l j h n b l m f u
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o h ^ b f f Z d k b f m f k \ _ l Z b h ] j Z g b q _Igeg uoch i h e b \ . h m \e Z`g _gb _ b o h eh ^gm x a bf h \dm q\u h [uqg uc . Kh klZ\ i h , q Z k l b 1b A b fd Z k h ^ _ j ` Z l 10b 2 ° K 1: . i _ k h c i j --1 .

6. Astrophytum sp. Hib kZgb _ . Ij_^klZ\ bl _eb wl h ]h jh ^Z ih kh\ j _f_g ghc kb kl_f Zlbd_ i j_^klZ\ e_gu q_lu jvf y \b ^Zfb b g _d h lhjuf b jZa gh\b^g. hKl_[eb rZjh \b^gu _ b e b klyfb p b e b g ^ j b q _ k d, b[_ _ a [ h d h \ u o h l j h ,k ^ lhd35 \ k f \ u k h l. hQ b k e h j _ [ _ j h [ u 8. h h j f Z h c qg N b h djZkdZ dh exq_d a Z\b kbl hl \b^Z _ ij_^klZ\ bl _eb j h ^Z hl ebqZxl ky ihe guf . Hl^_ev gu h lkm lkl\ b_f dh exq_d . OZjZdl_jghc f h jnh e h]bq_kdh c h k h [_gghklv x jZkl_g bc y\ e gZeb qb_ gZ wib^_jf bk_ kl_[ey [_euo, kh klhysb o b a r _jklb klu o .\hP\_l kdh\ oeh iv _\ e h db ` _ e l u o l h g ,h \ \ h j h g d h \ b ^ g u _^ h 8 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ : j _ Z e ­ K R : ( L _ o Z k F _ d k b d Z , ), . D m e v l. m j Z d h \ u j Z s b \ Z x l k y b a. < k ef_ l g b c i _ j b h ^ i h e b \ j _ ] m e y j g u c g _ E_] _ yg ,h

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8. Aylo stera helio sa Kays. [Rebut ia] [1 - < i j y f h m ] h e v g u o k d h [ d Z o a ^ _ ­ v ^ b \ ZZ e _ _ kjh h ^ y ijb gZ^e_` ghkl v ih kbkl _fZlbd_ W gZ . : g^_jkh .] Hib kZgb _ . Kl_[_ev jZkl_g by k\_l e h a ,_e_guc ^Zxsbc f gh]h h ljh kld h \ hl h ,kgh\ Zgb y ^h 2 kf \ ukh lhc b 5^hkf \ ^b Zf_l . J_[jZ gbad b_ b ieh jZa^_e_g u gZ f_e db_ 2, j_ , kdb_ [ m ] h j .d : j _ h e u k \ _ l e h k _ j u _ i j h ^ h e ] h \ Z l .u D h e x q d b l h e v d h j Z ^ b, Z\ eq b k e 24-- b , _ v g u_ _ 26, f _ e d b (1 f f ^ e b g h ,c k \ _ l e h ` _ e l u,_ ] j _ [ g _ \ b ^ g u _ , i j b e _ ] Z x s b _ d k l _ .[ e x _ ) P_gljZev gu _ dhexqdb g_ \u jZ `_g h j_gv j_ ih\ b^gu. cP \_ldb k\_leh h jZg` _\u_2--4 . Du , k f ^ e b g h c b4 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ : j _ Z e ­ ; h e b \ b (yL Z j b ). Z 3-- o D m e v l. mhZ l Z l h q g h g _ i j b o h l e b \ u c \ d m e .v E m h_ f\ b i^ h e b \ j _ ] m e y .j gL j m ^ g h >jk l _lj uc m d h j _ g y _ l. kK h k l Z \ i h q \ u h [ u ,q gku c h h l g h r _ g b _ f i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c q Z k l b b i _ k d Z y k 1:1. Abfhc k h^ _j `Z l i8--10 ° K jb . 9. Aylo stera muscula (Ritt . et Thiele) Backbg. [Rebut ia] H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v m \ a j h k e u o j Z k l _ g b c m,^ epbbge_ g g ub q _ k d ,b ^ c 4 k f \ .K b ^j c h ^bZf_l j_ , ^Zxsbc [hdh\ u_ hl j h , a_e_gh ]h p\_l J_[jZ m ^ebg _gg u_ g_q_ldh kldb .Z ,k \u jZ` _gguf b [ m ]h jdZfb eu hq _gv m ^Ze_ gg ;_eu _ lh gdb _ s_lb gdh\b^gu _ . : j_h . u_ d h e x q d2,5 f f ^ e b g h c ] m k l h i h d j u \ Z x l. P \ l_ l_ [d_ e v h j Z g ` _ \ u. _ : j _ Z e ­ ; h e b \ b y b k b . D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u c \ d m e v l m E _ l b ^ f k h ^ _ j ` Z l i j b b g l _ g k b \ g h f k h e g _ q g h f G_ . j_ \ h h k \ _ s _ g b ,b k j _ ] m e y j g u f i h e.bK hf k l Z \ i h q \ u h [ u ,q gku c h h l g h r _ g b _ f i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c \h k q Z k l b b i _ 1:1. ZA b f h c k h ^ _ j ` Z l 8--10 ° K kd ijb .

10. Bartschella schumannii (Hildm.) Britt. et Rose [Mammillaria] H i b k Z g b _ h g h l b i g u c . j h ^ l _ [ _ e v r Z j h \ b ^ g ,u k _ j h \ Z l h a _ e _ g, u^ h 6--7 k f \ .F K c c ^bZf_lj_ . H[jZa m _l ijb dh jg_\u_ h lijukdb jZa^_e_gu g Z khkhqdb u . J_ [jZ . : j_h e d j m ] e ,u k [ _ e u f h i m r _ g. bPf_ g l j Z e v g u _ d h e x q d b k d j x q d h f g Z d h g p _ _ 1 _ _ (1--2) , [he k f ^ e b g .h J Z ^ b Z e v g u _ d h e(9--15) i j y f u _ , h d h e hk f ^ e b g .h < c _ d h e x q d b [ _ e u _ c xqdb 1 k . P\_ldb jh ah \ h d jZ k g u_ gd h\ b ^ gu_ ^ h 4 k f \ ^ bZ f_ l .j_ : j _ Z e ­ F _ d kbdZ b `g yy , \h jh , (G D Z e b n h j g. b y ) D m e v l. m j d m e v l m j _ l j _ [ m _ l \ g b f Z g b` ^ y _ l k y \ g _ [ h e v r h f i j b l _ g _ g b b b

1:1. Ab f h\ dZ i j b l _f i _j Zl10--12 ° K mj_ .

11. Brasilicactus haselbergii (Hge.) Backbg. [Parodia] H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v ] h e m [ h \ Z l h, r Zj uhc\ b ^ g u ,c ^ h 10 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l ,j _ k i e h k d h c .K k_ j \_jom r d hc B g h ]^ Z h [j Zam _ l [h d h \ u_. J h[j[_Z]b . i_ (30--40) k h kl h yl ba f_ edbo [ m ]h jdh . : j_h eu f _edb_ [eba d h j Zkiheh `_ggu _ j Zevg uo dh exq_d , `_e lh\ Zlh] h p\_l Z , . P_gl 3--5 . J Z ^ b Z e v g u _ d h e(x[ q h e _ _ 20) [ _ e u , l h g d ,b h d h e hk f ^ e b g ,h ich e g h k l v x a Z d j u \ Z x l db _ _ 1 k l _ [ _ e .v P \ _ l d b h j Z g ` _ \ h d j Z k,g k _ ^ \ h c g u f \ _ g q b d, hhf d h e hk f ^ e b g h c b \ ^ b Z. f _ l j _ u 2 E_i_kl db m adb _ , eZgp _lh\ b^gu_ j_Ze ­ x] ;jZab ebb .: ( Jbh = jZg^_ ^h Km e ). D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u c \ d m e v l m K h b ^ l Z \ i h q \ u h [ u ,q gku c h h l g h r _ g b _ f G_ . j_ \ k k ie h ^ h j h ^ g h c q Zkl b b 1:1. dA b fh c k h ^_ j ` Z l ij b i _k Z 8--10 ° K .

12. Chamaecereus silvestr ii (Speg.) Britt . et Rose. [Echinopsis] H i b k Z g b _ h g h l b i g u c . j h ^ l _ [ e b k \ _ l e h a _ e ,_ gq e _ _ g b k l u _ k l _ e x s b _ k y .F K u , , h [jZam xlky b a [hevrh]h qbkeZ [ h d h \u o ih [_] h\ [_]b bf_xl ^ebg m . Hl^_evgu_ ih 4--10 kf b e_ ]dh h [eZfu\Zxl ky6--9) ijyfu _ b h q_gv f _edb_ . J_[jZ ( . P_gl jZev guo dh exq_d g _ l. J Z ^ b Z e v g u _ d h e x q d b, f y ]ud_ , l h g d ,b0,2 k f ^ e b g .h P \ _ l d b d b j i b q - h [_e b_ _ c g d j Z k g ,u \ _ h j h g d h \ b ^ g u 4--5 k f ^ e b g h c b4 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ P \ _ l h q g Z y l j m [ d Z ,_ 3-- i h d j u l Z q _ r m c d Z f b b i m q d Z f b l _ f g u .o : j \ _ h e h k: d]h_ g l b g Z L m d m,f K g e v l Z Ze­ j \ ( Z Z ). D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u c \ d m e v l m E_ _ l\ b ^ f j _ ] m e y j g u c i ,h iej b l _ g _ g b ._ K h k l Z \ G_ .j h \ i h q \ u h [ u q g u, ck k h h l g h r _ g b _ f i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c q Z k l b b A b fd Z k h ^ _ j ` Z l 8-- 1:1. i _ k h c ijb 10 ° K . 13. Coryphantha sulco lanata (Lem.) Lem. Hib kZgb _ . Kl_[_ev l_f gh a_e _gu c \b ^g uc ijb iexkg m lu c , rZjh , , 5--7 kf \ ^b Zf_l . j_ H[jZa m _l [h evrh _ dh e bq_kl \h [hdh\ uoKihkh qdb d h gb q_kdb_ . h [_]h\ , Zdkbee u bf _xl [_euc \h ceh P_gl jZev guo dh exq_d JZ^bZevgu _ dh exqdb `_e lh\Zlh .d . g _l (8--10) d h j b q g _ \ u _ k l _ f g u f b d h g, pbZ fhb] g m l ` u _ l d b ,_ 1--1,5 k f ^ e b g .h P \ _ l d b a , _k c k h e h f _ g g h ` _ e , u _ l h g d b f b e Z g p _ l h \ b ^ g u f b e _ ,i2kk f Zef b g h c b5 k f \ lk _ ld ^ b 3-- ^bZf_l j_ . : j_Ze ­ F_dkbdZ ( B^Zev] h ). D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u c \ d m e v l m K h b ^ l Z \ i h q \ u h [ u ,q gku c h h l g h r _ g b _ f G_ . j_ \ k k ie h ^ h j h ^ g h c q Zkl b b 1:1. dA b fh c k h ^ _ j` Z l i8--10 ° K i _k Z jb . 14. Diskokaktus zehntneri ssp. H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v a _ e _ g, urcZ j h \ b ^ g u ,c ^ h 6 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l ,j _ d m k l y s b. cJk[yj Z ( ^ h 22) .K _ 0,7 k f \ u k h l, hkc m ^ e b g _ g g u f b ` _ e l h \ Z l u f b Z.j _ h egZ fZ e v g u _ d h e x q d b \ _ l e h P_ lj b (1) k `_e lu _ , [h e__ 2 kf ^ebgh JZ^bZe vgu_ d h exqdb k\_l e h `_el u_. K \ h ajZklh f .c ( ^h 15) h [ j Z a m _ l p _ n Z1e b c2 k f \ u k h l h c b \ ^ b Z fP_ l\ _ j l d b [ _ e u _ Z j h f Z l g, uh_ d h e hk f , ,5-- . _ , 6 ^ e b g h c b \ ^ b Z f. _ lI j e h ^ u [ _ e u 2--3 k f ^ e b g h c b ,5 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ : j _ Z e ­ _ _ 0,3--0

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( LZf Z m ebi Zk ). D m evl .m j Z _gb _ ^hkl Zlh q gh lj_[h\ Zl_ev gh d m keh \b yf E_lh^_j`Zg by JZkl . kh f g_h [o h ^bfh oh j hr __ h k\_s _ gb _ b j_] m eyjg uc. K heklZ\ i h q\u h [uqg k ih b\ , uc khh lghr_gb _f ieh^ h j h ^ghc qZklb 1:1.i_kdZ c k h ^_j`Zl ijb b Abfh 12--15 ° K . 15. Dolichothele baumii (Boed.) Werd. et Buxb. [Mammillaria] Hib kZgb _ . Kl_[_ev k\_l e h a _e_guc , rZjh\b ^ gu c ^h 8 k f \ ^b Zf_l , dm klys bc ky , j_ . F y ] d b _ ^ e b g g u _ k h k h q d b p b e b g ^ j b q _ k d h h 1 nkhf j f ^ u b g h c b k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ ,^c e 0,5 : j _ h e u d j m ] e, u\ _ f h e h ^ h f \ h a j Z k l _ h i m r._ g g u _b e e u ] h ePu_ g l j Z e v g u _ d h e x q d b :dk . _ (5--6) h l [ _ e h ] h ^ h k h e h f _ g g h ` _ e l h, ] lhh g d_ ,l Z d h e hk f ^ e b g .h J Z ^ b Z e v g u _ p \ bh _ 2 c d h e x q d(b^ h 35) [ _ e u , l h g d ,b \ _ h e h k h \ b ^ g ,u^ h 1,5 k f ^ e b g .h P \ _ l d b a _ e _ g h \ Z l h _ _ c ` _ e l u _ , ^ h 2 k f ^ e b g h c b \ ^ b Z, f Zl j j h f Z l g. u:_ j _ Z e ­ F _ d k b d( Z Z f Z m e ). i Z k __ L b D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u c \ d m e v l m E_ _ l\ b ^ f j _ ] m e y j g u c i .h K b \ k l Z \ i h q \ u G_ .j h eh h [ u q g u,c k k h h l g h r _ g b _ f i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c q Z k l b 1. A b fd Z k h ^ _ j ` Z l 12b 4 ° K 1: b i _ k h c i j --1 . 16. Dolichothele camptotricha (Dams.) Tieg. (2). [Mammillaria] Hib kZgb _ . Kl_[_ev k\_l e h a _e_guc , rZjh\b ^ gu c ^h 10 k f \ ^b Zf_l , kbev gh , j_ d m k l y s b. cK h k h q d b p b e b g ^ j b q _ k d b _ b e b d , g Z q hkkdl b_ g g uh_ 2 k f ^ e b g h c b ky hab _ j_ ,^ 0,5 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ : d k b e e u2--5 ` _ e l u f b s _ l b g d Z f b 1,5 k f ^ e b g .h D h e x q d(4--6) h l k ^h c b a _ e _ g h \ Z l h [ _ e u o ^ h ` _ e ll u o d ,b b a h ] g m, l ^ u _ 3 k f ^ e b g ,h ic_ j _ i e _ l _ g g u _ . P \ _ l d b , hg _ h [ _ e u , k a _ e _ g h \ Z l h c i h e h k d h c g Z ^ h 1,5k k d Z^ e b g h c b \ ^ b Z, f Zl j j h f Z l g. u _ _ , e_i_ l f o __ : j_Ze ­ F_dkb dZ ( D_j_lZjh). D m e v l. m j d m e v l m j _ \ b ^ g _ i j b o h lE _ b h f­ j _ ] m e y j g u c i h e b \ b k h e g _ q g h _

D m e v l. m j Z g h k b l _ e v g h g _ i j b o h l e b \ u c \ d m eE _ l h fj _ i\ b ^ e b \ m f _ j _ g g u c Hl .vm h . Hk\_s _gb _ kh eg_qghK h klZ\ ih q \u h [uqg k khh lghr_g b_f i e h ^h j h ^g h c qZklb b ._ , uc i _kdZ 1:1. Ab fh c k h ^ _j `Zl i10--12 ° K jb .

19. Echinocereus fitchii Britt . et Rose. Hib kZgb _ . Kl_[_ev k\_l e h a _e_guc , pbebg ^j bq_kdb8--10 k f \ ukh lhc b kf \ ,c 4--5 ^ b Z f _ l j _ , k e Z [ h d m k l y s b[cj Z (10--12) g b a d, bh_ d j m ] e. uH l g h k b l k y d i _ d l b g Z l g u f . J_ ky _ \b ^Zf k dh j h ldbfb , ]j _[g_\ b^gh i jbe _]Zxsbfb d kl _[ex dh exqdZfb . P_gl jZev gu_ dh exqdb (4--6) j h ah\Zl h [_eu_ ^ h dhjb qg_\uo . JZ^bZevgu_ dhexqdb 5) k\_leu ,_ (20--2 l h g d ,b h d h e h k f ^ e b g .h P \ _ l d b g _ ` g h j h a h \ u _ k l _ f g h d j Z k g u f k f\ h ^ f b g h c _ 0,5 c ,5 a_ e b 6--7 kf \ ^bZf_lj_ : j_Ze ­ KR: ( L_oZk . , EZj_^h). D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u c \ d m e v l m E_ _ l\ b ^ f i h e b \ j _ ] m e y .j gG _ c h l h j u _ \ b ^ u G_ .j h ud (E. knippelianus) g m ` ^ Z x l k y \ e _ ] d h f i j b l _ .g K h k l Z \ i h q \ u h [ u ,q gku c _gbb khh lghr_gb _f ieh^ h j h ^ghc qZklb 1:1.i_kdZ c k h ^_j`Zl ijb b Abfh 8--10 ° K .

20. Echinocereus knippelianus Liebn. H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v l _ f g h a _ e _ ,g h lc r Z j h \ b ^ g h ] h ^ h p b e b g ^ j b q ,_ k d h ]khf .K u 6--8 \ u k h l h c 5--6 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l ,j _ h ^ b g h q g u cb g h ] ^ Z h [ j Z a m x s b c [ h d h \ u _ J i[hj Z _ ] b b , ._[ (5--7) h q _ g v g b a ,d r b j h d b _ b j Z k i e u \ q Z lP _ _g l j Z e v g u _ d h e x q d b h l k m l k l \ m x l b_ .u . J Z ^ b Z e v g u _ d h e(3--5) ` _ e l h d h j b q g _ \ u ,_ l h g d ,b d h j h l d b _ b o j m ied_ ] d h xqdb _ , b_ h i Z ^ Z x s . P \ _ l d b k b j _ g _ \ h j h a h ,\ u _ k f ^ e b g h c b5 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ I e h ^ u 1 k f b_ 3 3-- ^ebg h. c: j_Ze ­ F_dkbdZ Zm). ( Dh beZ D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u c \ d m e v l m E _ l b ^ b c i h e b \ j _ ] m e y j g u c l Z \ i h q \ u G_ . j_ \ g . Khk h [ u q g u,c k k h h l g h r _ g b _ f i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c q Z k l b 1. A b fd Z k h ^ _ j ` Z l 8--10 ° K 1: b i _ k h c ijb .
21. Echino fossulocactus albatus (Dietr.). [Stenocactus] H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v k \ _ l e h a _ e _,g[uhce _ _ b e b f _ g _ _ h d j m,] ^e u c k f \ u k h l h 7 k f .K h 10 cb \ ^ b Z f _ l j _ . ; h d h \ u _ i h [ _ ] b h [ j Z a m _ l. J_ ^_ [ j h (35) l h g d ,b g _ \ u k h d ,b b a h ] g m l u _ j dZ _ _ . Bah]g m l u _ j _[ jZ y\ eyx l k y h l e b qb l_ ev g u f ij b a gZ d h f j Z k .l _gj _h c wlh] h j h ^ Z : b eu [ _ e u . P _ g l j Z e v g u _ d h e x q d b h e _ _ d j _ i d b _ b ^ e b g. g< _ uo_ g y y d h e x q d Z i e ,h2,5d Z y _ (4) [ j k kf ^e bgh J Z ^b Zevg u _ d he (8--11) [_ eu_ b eb ` _ el h \ Z l, ul _ h g db_i jy fu _ , h dheh .c xq d b , 1 k f ^ e b g .h P \ _ l d b a _ e _ g h \ Z l h [,_ ehud_ h e hk f ^ e b g h c b \ ^ b Z. f :_ l _ jZ e ­ F _ d k b d Z c 2 j_ . D m e v l. mb Z o h j h r h j Z a \ b \ Z _ l k y i j b i h e g h f k h e g _ q g h f h k \ _ s _ g b b b m f _ j _ g g h
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, k i j y f u f, bo h j h r h \ u j Z ` _ g g u f b j _ [ j Z,f ^ b k h ^ b Z f _ l j _ . : j _ h e u d j m i g .u P _ g l j Z e v g u _ d h e x q d b _ (0--8) kf ^ebg. uJ Z^ bZ evg u_ d hex q db ­ 1--2,5 k f ^ eb (3--20) k b j _ g _ \ u _ , \ h j h g d h \ b ^ g u _^ h 25 k f ^ e b g h c b ^ h f \ , 12 k [h evrb gkl \Z \ b^ h \ \ \_q_jg __ \ j_fy Zj hfZl gu_: j_Ze ­ , . Mj m ]\ Zc b IZjZ] \Zc . D m e v l. m j Zo b g h i k b k u g _ i j b o h l e b \ u b ^ Z \ g W j_] m eyjg ucK h klZ\ ih q\u h [uqguckhh lghr_g b_f . ,k Abfhc k h^ _j `Zl i8--10 ° K jb .

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23. Epithelantha micro meres (Eng.) Web. Hib kZgb _ . Kl_[_ev k_jh\ Zlh a_e_guc \b ^gu c ^ h pbe bg ^jbq_kdh]h bkb fhklb , rZjh ( \ aZ\ h l j Z a g h \ b ^ g h k^ b b f _ l j h f ^ h k f b k ] m k l h h i m r _ g g h c , \ _ ho[ m radm _ c [ h d h \ u _ ), l Z 3 j jZ h l i h [ _ ] .b K l _ [ _ e v i h d j u l h q _ g v i e h l g h j Z k i h e h ` _ g g u f b k h k h q d Z f b k [ _ e u f b j Z d h e x q d Z f b h d ,2 ekhf ^ e b g .h :cj _ h e u f _ e d b _ [ _ e u . P \ _ l d b h l [ _ e h \ Z l u o ^ h 0h , _ j h a h \ Z l h d j Z k g _ u o b, _ h d h e h k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ I e h ^ u y j d h d j Z k g u^ e b g _ g g, u _ , f ed 0,6 ,m_ ^h e]h kh o jZgyxs b_ky . K_f_gZ g_ijZ\bev ghc nhq_jgu _ . : j_Ze ­ KR: ( L_oZk k_\_j , jfu ), F_dkbdb . D m e v l. m j Z h f w i b l _ e Z g l u g m ` ^ Z x l k y \ b g l _ g k b \ g h f k h e g _ q , h h e h k \ _ s _ g b b E_l gi f b\ j_] m eyjg ucK h klZ\ ih q\u h [uqguckhh lghr_g b_f ieh^h j h ^g h c qZklb1:b. i_kdZ . ,k 1 Abfhc kh ^_ j` Zl i8--12 ° K jb .

24. Escobaria chaffeyi Britt. et Rose H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v p b e b g ^ j b q _ k, d^ h 12 k f \ u k h l h 5--6 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l ,j _ i h d j u l .K bc cb ieh lg h j Zkiheh`_g gufb g_[h evrbfb k. hP_gl jZev gu _ dhe xqdb k dhj bqg _\uf k h qdZfb b e b q _ j g u f d h g q b .d J Z ^ b Z e v g u _ d h e x q d b. P _ \ elud_ b d j _ f h \ h j h a h ,\ uk_ hf [_ d h j b q g _ \ h c p _ g l j Z e v g h c i h e h k d h c g, Z h e ,5 _ k l d ^ Z b g .h Ice h ^ d Z j f b g g h ] h ^ 1_ i f e o p\ _lZ 2 kf ^ebgh : j_Ze ­ F_dkbdZ , .c ( AZdZl_dZ k ). D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u c \ d m e v l m E _ l b ^ _ _ k h ^ _ j ` Z g b ­ k h e g _ q g ,h i_ j b G_ . j_ \ g _ m f_j_g gh f ih eb\ K h klZ\ i h q\u h [uqg k khh lghr_g b_f i e h ^ h j h ^g h c qZklb b i_kdZ ._ , uc 1:1. A b f h c k h ^ _ j ` Z l 8--10 ° K F g h ] b _ \ b ^ u w k d h [ Z j b c h [ b e v g h Z d mhk l y l k y ijb . , q kl h [jZa m y ^ _j gb gu .

25. Espostoa lanata Britt. et Rose H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v d j m i g u _ ch \ b ^ g u c , ^ h 2,5--4 f \ u k h l h \c_ l \ y s b c k y \ \ b ^ _ .K , ^j \ , dZg^_ey[jZ .

26. Ferocactus glaucescens (DS) Britt . et Rose H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v r Z j h \ b ^ g ,u k \ h a j Z k l h f p b e b g ^ j b ,q _ k h b m [ h \ Z l h a _ e _ g u c .K c ]dec , d j m i g u c _ [ j Z (13) \ u k h d , [ m ] h j q Z l.u:_ j _ h e u k _ j h \ Z l h [ _ e. uF_ h s g Z y p _ g l j Z e v g Z y .J b_ dh exqdZ h. ^gZ JZ^bZe vg uo dhe xq_d Zgguc jh ^ \ dm evl m j _ i jZdlb q_kd b ,g_Z p\\ _l_l c ijbjh^_ p\ _l_l lh evdh \ kh eb^gh f \h ajZkl _ . ( JZkl _gb x g Z nhlh]23 ]h ^Z p\ _l_l \ i_j\u _ ). < jm dh \h ^kl\Zo jZnbb , j_dh f_g ^m _lky ]e bg bklh ^_jgh \Zy hih q\Z , ^gZdh ih^oh^b l b h [uqgih \ur _gguf , k Zy kh ^_j`Zg b_f i _kdZ . Iehoh i_j_gh kbl \u k h dm x \ eZ` abfg __v kh ^_j`Zg b_ ij b , ghkl 12-- 14° K . 27. Gymnocactus knuthianus (Boed.) Backbg. [Turbinicarpus] H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v l _ f g h a _ e _ ,g r Z j h \ b ^ g u ,c h ^ b g h q g u c b e b d m k l, y^ h 6 c k y \ .K uc sb kf ^bZf_l j_ . J_[jZ jZkih e h `_gu kib jZe_\b^gh , j Za^_e_g u gZ g_[ h evrb _ kh k h qdb r_j klb klu fb Zj _ h eZf bh k h qdb jZkih e h `_gu ki bjZe vgh \ e__ j y^h\ JZ^bZe vg u_ .K 20 b [h . d h e x q d(15--20) [ _ e u , k ` _ e l u f h k g h \ Z g b _ f ,8 k f ^ e b g .h P _ g l j Z e v g Z y d h e x q d Z b _ , ^h0 c b ] e h \ b ^ g,Zky\ _ l e Z y k l _ f g u f d , ^g p hk f ^ e b g .h P \ _ l d b j h a h \ Z l h e b , 2,5uk f h h1 f c eh\ _ ^ebg h c b \ ^b Zf_l :j_ j_Ze ­ F_dkbdZ . ( KZg Embk Ih lhkb ). D m e v l. m_ jk _ g g b c i h e b \ e m q r _ g Z q b g Z l v i h k e _ h [ j Z a h \ .Z E _ b h f [ m l h g h \
28. Gymnocalycium baldianum (Speg.) Speg. H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v i j b i e x k g m l h r Z j h ,b^ h 7 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l ,j _ l _ f g u c ] h e m [ h \ -Z l h .K \ ^guc , a _ e _ g u .c J _ [ j Z (9--11) i e h k d, bj Z a ^ _ e _ g u g Z [ m ] h j d b i h i _ j _ q g u f b [ h j . ; m ]Zhfj d b _ ha^d b k de bgh \b ^guf \u klm ih f jZ\ e_gguf d h kgh\ Zgbx :kl_[ey [_eu , \h ceh qgu_ , gZi . j_h eu _ . JZ^bZe vg u_ d h exqdb k_jh\ Zlh d h jbqg _\u_ ba h ]g m, lu d h e1h kf ^ebghc db (5--7) , h_ . P\_l i m ji m jg h dj Zkg u_ k f ^eb g h c b \ ^ b Z .f : j _ j Z e ­ : j] _ g lb gZ D Z l Z fZ).j dZ , 3--4 _l _ ( D m e v l. m j Z d h d m e v l b \ b j m _ f u c _ l\ b ^ f l j _ [ m _ l k y j _ ] m e y j g u c . i h e b \ E_] .E h < i j b l _ g _ g b b g _ g m ` ^ Z ._ l K y k l Z \ i h q \ u h [ u q,gk ck h h l g h r _ g b _ f i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c q Z k l b b kh u i _ k d Z 1. A b f h \ d Z 8--10 ° K 1: ijb . 29. Gymnocalycium dams ii (K. Sch.) Britt . et Rose. H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v h l k \ _ l e h ^ h l _ f g h a,_ er _ Z h ]\ b ^ g u ,c i j b i e x k g m l, u^ h 5 k f \ .K gjh h c ^bZf_lj_ , [_a [h d h\u o ih [_]J_[jZ (10--12) kjZ\gb l_evgh rbjhdb _ . h\ , jZa^_e_gu ih i_j_qguf b [h j ha^dZfb g Z \u k h db_ [m ]h jdb k j_adh h q_jq_gg uf bh exqdb b . D ] jZ gyf (2--8) ^ h 1,2 k f ^ e b g ,h [c_ e h \ Z l u _ \ _ j o g b _ b g b ` g b _ [ h e _ _ b e b f _ g _ _ l _ f g h d h j b q g _ \ u _ , , b a h ] g m l P \ _ _ l d b [ _ e u _ \ h k g h \ Z g b b \ b g g h d j ^ Z 6,5 u _ f ^ e b g h c k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ .u , , hkg k 5b I e h ^ u d j Z k g u j _ h ^ h e ] h \ Z l ,u ^ _ h 2,5 k f ^ e b g .h :cj _ Z e ­ k _ \ _ j I Z j Z ] \ Z. y ,i D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u c \ d m e v l m E _ l b ^ f g m ` ^ Z _ l k y \ i j b l _ g._ g b b b \ G_ . j_ \ h Ihe j_] m eyjg ucK h klZ\ ih q\u h [uqguckhh lghr_g b_f ieh^h j h ^g h c qZklb1:b. i_kdZ . ,k 1 Abfhc k h^ _j `Z l i8--10 ° K jb .

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30. Gymnocalycium mihanovichii v. friedrichii Werd. f. rubra. Hib kZgb _ . Bkd m kkl\ _gg h \u \_^_g gZy . nKl_[_ev bf __l yjdh djZkg m x .h djZkd m h jf Z H[uqg h h [jZam _l [h evrh _ qb ke h [h d h \uo Baljhkldh \ . h aZ h lkm lkl\ by o eh jh nbeeZ fh jZklb lh evdh \ i j b\ blhf k h, klhyg bbih^\ .h < y dZq_kl \_ ih^\h _\ bkih eva m xl aZ kq_l \ u g h k e b \ , [ u k l j h j Z k l m s b _ \ b ^ u Trichocereus, Cereus b g _ d h l h j u _ ^ j m.] b _ u_ jh^Z D m e v l. m j e _ l g _ _ \ j _ f y \ u j Z s b \ Z x l g Z y j d h f k h e g _ q g h f k \ _ l _ b i j b j _ ] m e y j g h f
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33. Gymnocalycium vatteri Bu in. H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v f Z l h \ h h e b \ d h \ h a _ ^ e _ 4 u c \ u k h l h 9 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ J _ [ j Z .K , hg kf cb (8--16) 2,5 kf rb jb gh c b12^hf f \ u k h l h c j _h e u k_ j u_ . D h ex q db^h 5) l h ev d h .: ( j Z ^ b Z e v g, ud_ j _ i d b ,_ l _ f g h k _ j u. _ P \ _ l d b [ _ e u _ k j h a h \ u f a _ , h^ h 5 k f ^ e b g h c k f , \f 4b \ ^ b Z f _ l j _. : j _ Z e ­ : j ] _ g l b g ZD h j ^ h \ Z K v _ j j Z = j Z g ^ _ D Z d b ^ e y ^ j m ] b o ( , ). ij_^klZ\b l_e_c wlh]h h [rbjg h ]h k jh^Z , \h ajZklhf oZjZdl_jgh baf _g_gb _ qb,keZ j_[_j ^ebg u d h exq_d djZkdb wib^_jf bkZ ,h . D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u c_ ] m e y j g h p \ _ l m s b c Eb_ l^ h f i h e b \ j _ ] m e y .j gO h j h r h G_ ,j .\ uc jZkl_l ijb ihegh f kheg_qgh f h k\_s _gbb Z\ ihq\u h [uqguckhh lghr_g b_f . Kh kl ,k i eh ^ h j h ^ g h c q Zkl b b 1:1. dA b fh c k h ^ _j ` Z l i8--10 ° K i _k Z jb .


34. Hamatocactus sinuatus (Dietr.) Orc. [Thelocactus] H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v l _ f g h a _ e _ ,g r Z j h \ b ^ g u ,c k \ h a j Z k l h f m ^ e b g _ 10g u 2 k f .K uc , g --1c \ u k h l h c _ a [ h d h \ u o i h [ _ J h[ \ j Z \ u k h d, b _ a d, b[ _ m ] h j q Z l,uk e _ ] d Z b a \ b e b k l u _ ,[ . ]_ m _ . P_gljZevg u_ (1--4) d h exqdb d h jbqg_\ Zl djxqd h \b ^gu_, 5--10 k f ^ebghc , u_ . J Z ^ b Z e v g u _ d h e(8--15) b ] e h \ b ^ g , k \ _ l e u ,_ 0,5--4 k f ^ e b g .h P \ _ l d b d j m i g u _ xqdb u_ c , \ h j h g d h \ b ^ g u _r b j h d h h l d j u ,l 4--5 k f ^ e b g h c b khf \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ E _ i _ k l d b , u_ 8^ `_e lu _ , k r_edh \bklu f [e_kdh f b djZkg h\ Zluf h kgh\ Zgb_f lj m [dZ dh ,jh ldZy . P\_lh qgZy ih djulZy q_rm cdZf b ^u a_e_g u_ h\ Zevg,u_ . Ieh , [e_klys b_ K_f_g Z h djm ]e q_jgu _ . . , u_ : j_Ze ­ KR: b F_dkb dZ . D m e v l. m j d m e v l m j \ _ u g h k e b \ u _ b e _ ] d h p \ _ l m s b _ j Z E lmgq rb_ yj Z a \ b \ Z x l k y i j b
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, `_kl db_. P\_l db aheh lb klh `_e k dj Zkghc g Zjm `g h c , lu_ k l h j h g h c e _ i _ k ,l d h \ h e hk f ^ e b g h c b \ ^ b Z, f Zl j j h f Z l g. u: _ j _ Z e ­ k _ \ _ j Q b e b hd 3 __ : j b d ). Z D m e v l. m j d m e v l m j _ j Z k i h e Z ] Z x l g Z k h e .g Kg h fl Z \ _ kilh q \ u k i h \ u r _ g g u f h D m evl .m j Z Hlgh kbl _evgh g_keh `guc \ dm evl m j_ f \b_eZl_e vgh bg l_g kb\gh_ . E_lh ` ^ kh eg_qgh _ h k \_s _gbE_lgbc i h eb\ j_] m eyjg uc gu . K h klZ\ ih q\u h [uqguc ._ , m f_j_g c ,k khh lghr_gb _f ieh^ h j h ^ghc qZklb 1:1.i_kdZ c k h ^_j`Zl ijb b Abfh 10--12 ° K .

39. Leuchtenbergia pricipis Hook. H i b k Z g b _h g h l b i g u c , j hj ^_ ^ k l Z \ e _ g g u c j Z k l _ g b _ f k g _ h [ u q g h c n h j f h c k l _ [ e y .F i , bf _xs_]h koh ^kl\h k Z]Z\hcp_g ljZe vg h f kl_[e_ _\Zxs _f k \h ajZklh f . GZ , h ^j_\_kg , j Z k i h e h ` _ g u ^ e b g g ^ u _ 15 k f l j _ o ] j Z g g u _ k h k h q d b ] h e m [ h \ Z l h a _ e. _ guhk]h l Z \ _ l Z (h ) < hp jZkl_g bc \ i j bj h^ gu o m ke h \ byo fh ` _l ^ h kl b ]Z lfv : j _ h eu g Z \ _ jo m rdZ o 50--70 k . k h k h q d h \ b f _ x l h 10h ` eehl h \ Z l h [ _ e u o l h g d b o b i e h k d b o o j m i d b o kdf h e x q _ d ^ h d_ 10 ^ e b g h. cD h g p u k h k h q d h \ \ a j h k e u o j Z k l _ g b c [ m j _ x .l Pb\ _ l h lbf b _ j e l x l_, d ` Zu \ h j h g d h \ b ^ g u 7--9 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ P \ _ l h q g Z y l j m [ d Z i h d j u l Z q _ r .mI c d Zuf b m ,o b _ ,_ eh^ k jZklj_kdb \Zxs b_ky m h kgh\ ZgbZ l _fgh dh jbqg _ . :_ j_Ze ­ F_dkbdZ . K_f_g y \u . D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u _ j Z k l _.g E _ y h f g _ h [ o h ^ b f h k h e g _ q g h _ h k \ _ s _ g b _ b G_ bl m f_j_g gu c ihe. b\ klZ\ ih q\u h [uqguckhh lghr_g b_f i e h ^ h j h ^g h c qZklb b i_kdZ Kh ,k 1:1. Ab fh c k h ^ _j `Zl i j b l _f i _ jZ l 8--10 ° K mj_ . 40. Lophophora williamsii (Lem. et SD) Coult H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v f Z l h ,\ u] c e m [ h \ Z l h a _ e _ r Z j c \ b ^ g h i j b i e x k g m 5--7 k f \ .K h , guh ,luc ^bZf_l j_ , h [jZklZxs bc m h kgh\ Zgb y [h d h\ ufb Dh j j_gv j_ih\b ^gu, c^ h 10 kf . hl h kldZf b ^ebg h. cJ_[jZ (8) ieh kdb_ j h db_ jZa^_e_g u lh gdb fb [hjh a^dZfb g Z [h evrb _ , rb , h d j m ] e u _ [ m ]. h: j j dhbe u d j m ] e, uk_ i m q d Z f b [ _ e h c r _ j _kd h j Z k i h e h ` _ g g. u _ _ , ^ lb P \ _ l d b g _ ` g h j h a h ,\ uh_ d h e hk f \ ^ b Z f _ l ,j _ i h y \ e y x l k y b a p _ g l j Z \ _ .j oIm r dub 1 eh^ [ e _ ^ g h j h a h \ , ^_ h 1 k f ^ e b g ,h ich y \ e y x l k y g Z \ l h j h c ] h ^ i h k e. _ K _ \ fl_ g Z y u p _ _gb dj m ]e , q_jgu _ . : j_Ze ­ KR: ( L_oZk F_dkbdZ gu _ rlZl u ^h D_j_lZjh u_ ), ( k_\_j ). D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u c \ d m e v l m E_ _ l\ b ^ f i h e b \ m f _ j _ g g u c k l Z \ i h q \ u G_ .j h . Kh h [ u q g u,c k k h h l g h r _ g b _ f i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c q Z k l b 1. A b fd Z k h ^ _ j ` Z l 10b 2 ° K 1: b i _ k h c i j --1 . 41. Mammillaria backebergiana Buchenau H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v m ^ e b g _ g, gdum k l y s b, c^ h 5--6 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l ,j _ y j d h a _ e _ g .u c .K c ky K h k h q d b d h g m k h \ h dghue_ hf f ^ e b g h c j _ h e u g _ [ h e v r ,b k e Z [ h h i m r _ .g g u _ , b^ 6 .: _


d h j b q g _ \ u _, k l _ f g u f b d h (8--10) s _l b g d h \b ^ g u_ [ _eh , 1 k f ^ e b g h c b \ ^ b Z. f :_ l _ j Z j_ D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u c G_ h [ u q g u,c k k h h l g h r _ g b _ f

g , b ]f e h \ pZ b \ Z l u_ l h g , e­ F_dk \ dmev ieh^hjh

. P_ gljZev gu _ dhexqdb `_elh (1--2) b ^ g , h d h e hk f ^ e b g .h J Z ^ b Z e v g u _ d h e x q d b u_ 1 c d ,b h d h eh ff ^ eb g h cP \ _ ld b d Z j fbg gu_ d h e h _ 5 . ,h bdZ . l m E _ lb ^ b c i h e b \ j _ ] m e y j g u c l Z \ i h q \ u . j_ \ g . Khk ^ g h c q Z k l b 1. A b fd Z k h ^ _ j ` Z l 8--10 ° K 1: b i _ k h c ijb .

42. Mammillaria boo lii Linds. H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v k _ j h a _ e _ g u c e b g ^ j b q _ k d ,b4--5 k f \ u k h l, hhc[ j Z a m _ l [ h d h \ u _ .K , pb c i h [ _ ] .b K h k h q d b l \ _ j ^ , ^_ h 0,8 k f ^ e b g .h :cd k b e e u b f _ x l h i m r _ g b _ l h e v d h g Z u \ _ j o m r d _ k l _ [ e y _ g l j Z e v g Z y d h e x q d Z h ^ j g Z h f` _ e l Z y b e b d h j b q g _ ^ \ h 1,5 .P , k d xqd , , Zy k f ^ e b g .h J Z ^ b Z e v g u _ d h e(15d b 2) [ _ e u , l h g d ,b i_ j b e _ ] Z x s b _ d k l _ ,[ ehx1,5 k f c x q --2 _ ^ ^ebg h. cP \_l db kbj_g _\h jhah \u_^h 2,5 kf \ ^bZf_l , \ g_[ h evrhf dh ebq_kl \_ , j_ i h y \ e y x l k y b a k l Z j u o I Z h ^k b e ed h h j Z g ` _ \ ,u [_ e _ k l y s , h d h e hk f ^ e b g h c b . ed u yj b_ 3 0,3 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ : j _ Z e ­ F _ d k b d( Z h g h). Z K j D m evl .m j Z o h leb \uc \ .b^D m evl b\ bjm _l ky ijb bgl _gkb \g h f kh e g_qgh f G_ijb h k \ _ s _ g b ,b i h e b \ m f _ j _ g g.uK h k l Z \ i h q \ u h [ u ,q g u c h h l g h r _ g b _ f i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c c kk q Z k l b b i _ 1:1. ZA b f h c k h ^ _ j ` Z l 8--10 ° K kd ijb . 43. Mammillaria candida Scheidw. H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v ] h e m [ h \ Z l h a _ r Zgj h \ c ^ g u ,c k i e h k d h c \ _ j o m, rh [hj Z a m _ l .K , e_ u b dc i j b d h j g _ \ u _ i h [ _ ]. bK h k h q d b f y, ] p b e b g ^ j b q _ k d, b^ h 1 k f ^ e b g h c ,4b k f \ db_ _ 0 ^ b Z f _ l j _ , i e h l g h j Z k i h e h ` _ . gd k b e e u r _ j k l b k l k5--7 [ _ e u f b s _ l b g d Z f b g: u_ , u_ . : j_h eu r _jklb klu_ [_eu_ . P_gl jZev gu_ dh ex(8--10) kg_` gh [_eu_ JZ^bZe vgu_ , qdb . dh exqdb[ h e__ 50) [_eu_ , lhg db_ 5--0,8 kf ^ebg ,h ieh lgh ih dju\ Zxl kl_[_evdb ( , 0, c . P\_l [ _ e u , k d j Z k g h \ Z l h c p _ g l j Z e v g h c i h e h k d h c ,\ ^ hhe2v k e _ i^ ekbl g .h K _ f _ g Z _ ^ f_ d hc \ q_jgu _ , [e_klys b_ : j_Ze ­ F_dkbdZ . ( KZg E m bk Ih lhkb ). D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u c h f _ ^ e _ g g h j Z k l m s b. cK \ h ^ ^ _ j ` b l k y i j b b g l _ g k b \ g h f G_ ,g b kh eg_qgh f h k\_s _gbb . E_lh f ih eb\ m f_j_g guK h klZ\ ih q\u h [uqg k khh lghr_g b_f .c , uc ieh ^ h j h ^ g h c q Zk l b b 1:1. dA bfh c k h ^ _ j `Z l ij b i _k Z 8--10 ° K . 44. Mammillaria carmenae Castan. et Nun H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v k \ _ l e h a _ e _,gh lc r Z j h \ b ^ g h ] h ^ h y c p _ \ b, ^ 5--8 h f \ u k h l, .K u gh] k d m k l y s b. cK h k h q d b d h g b q _ k d h c. : d k fbue e u k [ _ e h c r _ j k l v x b s _ . b g d ky nhj l P_gl jZev gu _ dh exqdb h lkm.lkl\ m xl vg u_ dh exqdb JZ^bZe ( ^ h 100) lhgdb_ --0,5 kf , 0,3 ^ e b g h, ch l [ _ e h ] h ^ h ` _ e l h \ Z l h ] h l p \ gl d ,b m i j m ]. bP \ _ l d b [ _ e u _ b e b g -` g h , h_ Z _ _ _ j h a h \ u, _ h d h e hk f ^ e b g h c b \ ^ b Z. f I_ lej _h ^ u a _ e _ g h \ Z l h [ ,_ ehud_ h e h k f ^ e b g 1 0,6 K_f_g Z q_j gu ._ : j_Ze ­ F_dkbdZ ( LZf Zm ebi Zk ). D m e v l. m j d m e v l m j _ g _ i j b o h l e b \ u cu j\ Z ^ s b \ Z _ l k y i j b b g l _ g k b \ g h f k h
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45. Mammillaria elo ngata DC. H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v p b e b g ^ j b q _ k,d d m k l y s b c k y h l h k g h_ lZ g b a _ e _ g , \ c .K bc , k\ \ eh y u \ _ j o g _ c q Z k l b 3h k f \ ^ b Z f _ l ,j _ f h e h ^ h ­ i j y f h k l h y q ,bk \ h a j Z k l­h ifh e _ ] Z x s b c ^ c c , h [jZam_l dh e.hKh k h qdb fZe _gvdhgb q_kdb_ gbb , db_ , 2--3 ff \u k h lhc dkbee u keZ[h .:

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. P_gl J Z ^ b Z e v g u _ d h e(20d bh xq) ^ i j b e _ ] Z x s b _ d k l _ .[ e x_ l P\ F_dkbdZ ( B^Zev] h ). D m e v l. m j Z d h d m e v E_] h [ u q g u,c k k h h l g h r _ g b

j Z e v g u _ d h e x q d b h [ u q g h h l k m` l k l ^ \g Zx l , j_ _ h m . 8 ff ^ebghc \_leh `_elu_ beb hjZg`_\h `_e,u_ ,k l d b [ _ e h \ Z l u _ ^ h ` _ e l h \ Z l^ h 1,5 k f ^ e b g .h :cj _ Z e ­ , uo l b \ b j m _ f u c _ l\ b ^ b c i h e b \ j _ ] m e y j K u c l Z \ i h q \ u .E g . g hk _ f i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c q Z k l b 1. A b fd Z k h ^ _ j ` Z l 8--10 ° K 1: b i _ k h c ijb .

46. Mammillaria hahniana Werd. Hib kZgb _ . Kl_[_ev rZjh \b^gu c h \Zlh a_e_gu jZkr bjy xsbcky \ \ _jog_c qZklb , k_j ,c ,k i e h k d h c \ _ j o m r, d^ h 10 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ K h k h q d b p b e b g ^ j b q ,_ kf d b _ d , _k f e _ q g u f hc y] b k h d h fh 0,5 k f ^ e b g .h :cj _ h e u f _ e d b _ g Z \ _ j o m r d _ k l _ [ e y k [ _ e u f \ h c: e h d h f u ,^ , . dkbee [ _ e u , r _ j k l b k l u, _ k ^ e b g g u f b b a h ] g m l u f b s ,_ l^ b 5 d Z f ^ b b g .h P _ g l j Z e v g u _ _ hg kf e c dh exqdb --5) [_eu_ , kl_deh\b ^gu_ijyfu_ , kh o jZgyxlky lh evd h g Z f h e h ^uo jZkl (2 , . J Z ^ b Z e v g u _ d h e(20d b 0) [ _ e u , l h g d ,b \ _ h e h k h \ b ^ g ,u ^ _h 3 k f ^ e b g .h P \ _ l d b x q --3 _ c i m j i m j g u _ k l h g d b f b e _ i _ k l dh 1,5 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ I e h ^ u j h a h \ u _h \ Z e v g, uh_ d h e h , , ^ Zfb , 0,8 kf ^ebghc . K_f_gZ l_ fgh dhjb qg_\u_ j_Z e ­ F_dkbdZ .: ( =mZ gZomZlh ). , D_j_lZjh D m e v l. m j Z d h d m e v l b \ b j m _ f u c _ l\ b ^ b c i h e b \ m f _ j _ g. gK h k l Z \ i h q \ u E_] .E g uc h [ u q g u,c k k h h l g h r _ g b _ f i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c q Z k l b 1. A b fd Z k h ^ _ j ` Z l 8--10 ° K 1: b i _ k h c ijb . 47. Mammillaria kunzeana Boed., Quehl. Hib kZgb _ . Kl_[_ev k\_l e h a _e_guc , [e_klys bc , pbebg ^jbq_kdb9 kf \ukhlh c b ,c 5--6 kf \ ^bZf_l , ij_b fm s_kl\ _ggh d m klys. bc ky qdb f y ,]db _ebg ^jbq_kdb_h dh e h j_ Kh kh pb , 1 kf ^ebghcj_h eu fZe_g vdb_ \Zevgu_ .: ,h , ]heu_ : dkbeeu ]h, eu_ f gh] h qbke_gg ufb . k \h e gb klufb s_lb gdZfb jZev gu _ dh exqd b h l [_euo ^h `_el uo b eb . P_gl (3--4) d j Z k g h \ Z ,l u_ j o g b _ i j y f u ,_ ^ h 1 k f ^ e b g ,h h ^ g Z g b ` g y y d j x q d h \ Z 2 Zkyf ^ ^ h b g .h c \ c l e J Z ^ b Z e v g u _ d h e(15q --b 5) [ _ e u ,_ \ h e h k h \ b ^ g, uh_ d h e hk f ^ e b g .h P \ _ l d b [ e _ ^ g h x d2 1 c j h a h \ u, _ \ h j h g d h \ b ^ g u 1,5--2 k f ^ e b g h c b \ ^ b Z. f :_ l _ j Z e ­ K R : ( G v x F _ d k b d h ,_ j_ , L_oZk F_dkbdZ ghj ZIeh^u h djm ]e u_ yjdh djZkg kf ^ebgh K_f_g Z q_j gu_. ), ( Kh ). , 1,5 u_ .c D m e v l. m j Z g _ _ k h ^ _ j ` Z g b _ g _ k e h,` g h[ m _ l j _ ] m e y j g h ] h i . Kb \ k l Z \ i h q \ u E_l lj_ he hZ h [ u q g u,c k k h h l g h r _ g b _ f i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c q Z k l b 1. A b fd Z k h ^ _ j ` Z l 8--10 ° K 1: b i _ k h c ijb . 48. Mammillaria melanocentra Poselg. H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v l _ f g h a _ e _ ,g p b e b g ^ j b q _ k d ,b \ cj o m r d Z k e _ ] d Z \ ^ Z,\ 12g Z 5 .K uc _ e _ --1 k f \ u k h l h 80--10 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ K h k h q d b q _ l u j _ o ] j Z g, gi u _ j Z f b ^ Z e v g u _ f e _ q g u f cb b ,k k h d h fh 2 k f ^ e b g .h :cj _ h e u [ h e v r ,b m \ _ j o m r d b k [ _ e u f \ h c. e:h d h fe e u k [ _ e h c ,^ _ dkb r_jklv x. P_gljZevgZy d h exqdZ q_jgZy beb l_f gh , dh j bqg_\ Zy kf ^ebghc ijyf Zy2--5 , . J Z ^ b Z e v g u _ d h e(7--9) k _ j u _ , i j y f u _ , g b ` g y y d h e x q d 2,5 ^ k f ^ e b g .h P \ _ l d b xqdb Zh c y j d h j h a h , uh_ d h e hk f ^ e b g h c b \ ^ b Z. f :_ l_ jZ e ­ K R : ( G v x F _ d k b d h_ o Z k \ 2 j_ ,L ), F _ d k b d( Z h g h).j ZI e h ^ u j h a h \ u 3 k f ^ e b g .h c K ,_ D m e v l. m j Z g _ _ k h ^ _ j ` Z g b _ g _ \ u a u \ Z _ l i j h [, el _ j f_ [ m _ l j _ ] m e y j g h ] h i . Kb \ k l Z \ E_l he hZ i h q \ u h [ u q g u, ck k h h l g h r _ g b _ f i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c q Z k l b b A b fd Z k h ^ _ j ` Z l 8-- 1:1. i _ k h c ijb 10 ° K .


49. Mammillaria mendeliana (H. Bravo) Werd. H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v h e b \ d h \ h a _ e _ r Z j c \ b ^ g u c ^ h m ^ e b g _ g, g^ h 9 hk f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ .K , gu h ] Kh kh qdb h djm ]e u_ . : dkbee u k [_eh c r _jklv x b s _lbgdZfb gu_ dh exqdb . P_gl jZev (2--4) djZkgh dhj bqg _\u_ k l _ fg ufb d h gpZfb ^h 2 k f ^ebgh JZ^bZe vg u_ d h exqdb , ijyfu_ , .c k \ _ l e u ,_ d h j h l d ,bs_ _ l b g d h \ b ^ g u _ ^ h \ h e h k h \ b ^ g. uPo\ _ l d b j h a h \ ,u k l _ f g u f a _ \ . f , _ h I e h ^ u i m j i m j g, uh_ d h e hk f ^ e b g .h K _ f _ g Z k \ _ l e h d h j b q g ._ \ u j _ Z e ­ F _ d k b d Z 2 c : = m ZgZ omZlh ). , D_j_lZjh D m e v l. m j Z d b [ h e v r b g k l \ h [ _ e h h i m r _ g, gl u_ [ m \ _ b ^ h \ g h ] h k h. eI g p Z \ DZ jo lf heb e _ l h f j _ ] m e y j g. uK h k l Z \ i h q \ u h [ u ,q gku c h h l g h r _ g b _ f i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c q Z k l b b i _ k d c k 1:1. Ab fh c k h ^_ j` Zl i8--10 ° K jb . 50. Mammillaria microhelia Werd. Hib kZgb _ . Kl_[_ev h l k\_l e h a _e_gh ]h ^h ` _elh a _e_gh ]h p \_l Z , pbebg ^jbq_kdb ^h 12 ,c kf \ uk h l h c b k f \ ^b Zf_ l ,j _ k \ h a jZ k l h f d m kl .y Kb c k ydb d h j h, ldd jm ]eh 3--5 s hkhq h b_ d h g b q _ k d, b^ h 0,6 k f ^ e b g .h P _ g l j Z e v g u _ d h e x q d b i j y f u _ , ^ h 1 k f ^ e b g ,h c _ c (2--4) djZkgh d h jbqg_\h]h .p\_lZ JZ^bZevg u_ d h exqdb (30--50) ^ h 0,6 kf ^ebghchgdb_h l ,l , `_el h]h ^ h djZkgh\ Zl h d h jbqg_\h]hjZkih e h`_g u em q _h [jZagh \hdjm ] Zj_h eu , p\_lZ . P \ _ l d b [ _ e u _ d j _ f h \ u _ , a _ e _ g h \ Z l ,u h d h e h k f ^ e b g h c b \ ^ b Z, f i_ lej h ^ u j h a h \ u _ , _ 1,5 _ ^h 1 kf ^ebghc . K_f_g Z f _edb_aheh lbkl h dhjbqg _\u _ ­ F_dkbdZ , . : j_Ze ( D_j_lZjh). D m e v l. m j d m e v l m j _ \ b ^ g m ` ^ Z _ l k y \ [ h e v r h f d h e b q _ k l \ _ k \ _ l Z b m f ._ j _ g g h f i
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, d h j b q g _ \ h ] h b e b d j Z k g h d h j b q g _ \ h ]Jh ^ p \ Z e v g u _ d h . Z b _lZ f f ^ e b g ,u q b k l h [ _ e h ] h p \ P \ Zl d b d Z j f b g g h d j Z k g lu_ f_ g h c k . _l _ , ^ebg h. cIeh^u k\ _leh djZkg K_f_g Z dh jbqg_\u _ : j_Ze ­ F_dkbdZ . u_ . . D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u c \ d m e v l m g_ mb ^ ^ Z _ l k y \ [ h e v r h f G_ ,j \` E_lg bc i h eb\ j_] m eyjg uc klZ\ i h q\u h [uqguckhh lghr_g b_f . Kh ,k i _ k d Z . A b f h c k h ^ _ j ` Z l 8--10 ° K 1:1 ijb .

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53. Mammillaria sheldonii (Britt . et Rose) Boed. H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v ^ 25 k f \ u k h l h c k f \ ^ b Z f _ l ,j _ a _ e _ g u c b e b l _ f g h a _ e _ g u c .K h 6b , d m klys bcKh k h qdb dj_idb _ dh gbq_kdb_ . ky , \ hkgh\Zg bb q_l uj _o ]j Zgg u_ m h dj m ]e u_ , k\_jo , 9 f f ^ e b g h c 6 b f \ ^ b Z f _ l j ._ : d k b e e u ] h ePu_ g l j Z e v g u _ d h e x q d b 9--12 f f f . _ (1--3) ^ebgh, cl_fgh dhjb qg_ \u, _ h ^gZ dhexqdZ k djxqdhf . JZ^bZevg u_ d h exqdb (10--15) 6--9 f f ^ e b g h c j y f u _ , d j Z k g h d h j b q g ,_ \ u _ h k g h \ Z g b b [ _ e h. \ Z l_ u d b k \ _ l e h j h a h \ u _ ,i \ P\ l _ , k [ h e _ _ l _ f g h c k _ j ^ p _ \ b g h c b r b j h d h c [ _ e h 2 kdfZ ^ c fbhgch c b khf \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ ,c e 3^ : j_Ze ­ F_dkb dZ ghjZ ( Kh ). D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u c \ d m e v l m E _ l b ^ b c i h e b \ j _ ] m e y j g u c l Z \ i h q \ u G_ . j_ \ g . Khk h [ u q g u,c k k h h l g h r _ g b _ f i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c q Z k l b 1. A b fd Z k h ^ _ j ` Z l 8--10 ° K 1: b i _ k h c ijb .

54. Mammillaria sp (denudata?). H i b k Z g bj __ ^ k l Z \ b l _ e v h ^ g h ] h b a g Z b [ h e _ _ h [ r b j g u o b f h e h ^ u o j h ^ h \ .I .I j_a m evlZl Zf ih ke_^gbo j_\babc j h ^ gZkqblu \Z_l ^hb jy^ jZagh\b^ghkl _c 167 \b^h\ . Wlh g_[h evrb _ r Zj h\ b^gu _ beb m dh jh q_ggh p bebg^jbq_kdb_. OZjZdl_jg h c jZkl_g by fh jn h e h]b q_kdhc hkh[_gg h kl vx f Zffbeyjb c y \ey _lky kljh_gb _ Zj_heu . < hl ebqb _ hl ^j m ]b o dZdl m kh \ h gZ k h klhbl ba ^\ m o qZkl _c h ^blky gZ dh gp_ khkh qdZ . DhexqdZ g Zo ,Z \_] _lZlb \gu_ b ] _ g_jZl b\ gu_ h j] Zgu ­ \ Zdkbe ,eZo kh kh qdZfb db m f_` ^m . P\_l [ h e v r b g k l \ Z \ b ^ h \ _ e d b, _ k Z f h h i u e y x s ,b j _ Z y i h e Z ] Z x l k y d h e v p h f \ h d j m ] f Z d ­f kk kl_[eygh _klv g_[h e vrh _ qb ke h djm igh p\ _ldh\u oh ^u h h y\e yxlky h [uqgh gZ , . Ie \ b^ i \ \lh j h c ]h ^ Jh^ aZg bfZ_l h [rb jguc : Zj_Ze uo r lZlh \ KR: q_j _a F_dkbd m . h l x`g , P_gl jZev g m x : f_j bd m ^h <_g _k m weu b .Dhem f [ bb D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u c \ d m e v l m E _ l b ^ b c i h e b \ j _ ] m e y j g u c l Z \ i h q \ u G_ . j_ \ g . Khk h [ u q g u,c k k h h l g h r _ g b _ f i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c q Z k l b 1. A b fd Z k h ^ _ j ` Z l 8--10 ° K 1: b i _ k h c ijb .

55. Mammillaria sp. ( d j b k l Z l g Z y n h j f Z ). Hib kZgb _ . >Zgg uc i j_^klZ\ bl _ev jh^Z bf __l djbkl Zlg m x m ) nh jfm GZ ( ]j _[_gqZl x . kl_[e_ dZdl m kZ b f__l ky fgh `_kl \h ijb gp bi _ kih k h [gu o ^Zl v gh\mx lh qdm j h k , \ lh q_d . H^gZdh \ ghj f_ lh qdb j h klZ dZdlm kh \ gZoh ^ylky gZ[eZ]h rd_ kl_[ey , \_j om ^Zjy wl h fm ^_e_gb _ de _lh d h [_ki_qb\ Z_l j h kl kl_[ey Ijbo kih gl Zgguo ,k[h yoZ_fu o . \ \_j \uau\ j Z a g u f b i j b q b g ,Z j f b l k l _ [ e y g Z q b g Z _ l k y b a j Z, aq l hu o j b \h q ^ _ b l d m j h ^ e b \ u f hk g i lhd nh jfZf M djb klZl lh qdZ jh klZ \uly]b \Z_l,ky \ kha ^Z_l nh j fm ] .j_[gy _ . qlh eb gb x Djhf djbkl Zlg h c s_kl \ m _l fh gkl j h ag Zy ijb j dhlhjh c lhqdb jh klZ jZkij _^_e_gu ih , km , nh fZ \k_f m kl _[ex . Kl_[_ev gZqb gZ_l j Zklb \ k_c ih \_jo, ghhklvxZy ijbq m ^eb\ u_ nh jfu k a^Z\ . D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u c \ d m e v l m E _ l b ^ b c i h e b \ j _ ] m e y j g u c l Z \ i h q \ u G_ . j_ \ g . Khk h [ u q g u,c k k h h l g h r _ g b _ f i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c q Z k l b 1. A b fd Z k h ^ _ j ` Z l 8--10 ° K 1: b i _ k h c ijb . 56. Mammillar ia tolimensis H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v r Z j h \ b ^ g ,u icj b i e x k g m l, ubcg h ] ^ Z d m k l y, sh lc k yj h ] h ^ h .K b _


, ^ h 10 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l ,j _ k \ h c e h q g h h i m r _ g g h c b i h ] j m ` _ g g h c . \ _ j o m r d h K h k h q d b d h g m k h \ h dghue_ hf f ^ e b g h c d k b e e u [ _ e u _ j k l b k l u, _ k i e h l g u f b , b^ 5 .: ,r [_euf b s_lbg dZfb . P_gl jZev gu_ dh exqdb m s_kl \_g gh 5--6,5 kf ^ebg , c ( ij_bf 6) h l h g d ,b r_ b e h \ b ^ g u, _ g b ` g b _ k b e v g u _ k g _ ` g h .[ JeZ ^ b Z e v g u _ d h e(x q d10) 1--5 _ u_ 5-- b f f ^ e b g h c h g d ,b b ] e h \ b ^ g . P \ _ l d b d j Z k g uh_ 10 f f ^ e b g h c e h ^ u d Z j f b g g 2 _ ,l _ u_ ,^ .I ,u kf ^ebgh K_f_g Z k\ _leh d h jbqg _\u_ j_Ze ­ F_dkbdZ .c .: . D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u c \ d m e v l m E _ l b ^ b c i h e b \ h [ u .q gK h k l Z \ i h q \ u G_ . j_ \ g uc h [ u q g u,c k k h h l g h r _ g b _ f i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c q Z k l b 1. A b fd Z k h ^ _ j ` Z l 8--10 ° K 1: b i _ k h c ijb . 57. Matucana haynei (O.) Britt. et Rose H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v k _ j h a _ e _ g u c e b g ^ j b q _ k d ,b h d h e h k f \ u k h l h 10 b f \ .K , pb c 30 ck ^bZf_lj_ , h [jZa m _l [h dh\u _ i h J_[jZ (25--30) g_\uk h db_ kibjZe_\b^gu _ . [_]b , , [m ]h jqZlu :_ j_h eu [eb adh jZkih e h` _gg im r _gg u_ P_gl jZev gu_ dh exqdb k\_l e h . , h u_ . dh jbqg_\u_ , `_kldb_ b ^ebggu_ , ihy\ eyxlky k \hajZklhf . JZ^bZevg u_ dh exqdb (20--30) h d h e hk f ^ e b g ,h [c_ e u , b a h ] g m l h i_ m l u \ Z x s b _ k l _ . _ P v_ l d b y j d h d j Z k g u _ k 2 _ ,u [ e\ ^ \ h c g u f \ _ g q b d h, f^ h 7 k f ^ e b g h c b k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ I e h ^ u [ m e Z \ h \ b ^ .g :uj _ Z e ­ 4--5 I_j m ( FZl m dZgZ ). D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u c \ d m e v l m E_ _ l\ b ^ b c i h e b \ m f _ j _ g. gK h k l Z \ i h q \ u G_ .j g uc h [ u q g u,c k k h h l g h r _ g b _ f i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c q Z k l b 1. A b fd Z k h ^ _ j ` Z l 5--8 ° K 1: b i _ k h c ijb . 58. Neobesseya similis (Eng.) Britt . et Rose [Escobaria] Hib kZgb _ . Kl_[_ev l_f gh a_e _gu c \b ^g uc 7--9 kf \ ^b Zf_l , h [jZa m _l , rZjh , j_ g _ [ h e v r b _ ] j m i iK h k h q d b p b e b g ^ j b q ,_ k d b _ k f ^ e b g .h :cj _ h e u [ _ e u ._ .u 1--2 P _ g l j Z e v g u _ d h e x q d b h [ u q g h h l k m Z kb Z e x lg u _ d h e(11d b 5) [ _ e u , k . J l ^ l\m v x q --1 _ d h j b q g _ \ u f b d h g p ,Zl fhbg d ,b j _ Z k l h i u j _ g g ,u h d h e hk f ^ e b g .h P \ _ l d b k \ _ l e h _ 1 c `_e lu _ , k m adb fb e Zgp _lh\ b^guf b e_i 4 kf ^ebgh c b kf \ ^b Zf_l . , _kldZf b 4--6 j_ I e h ^ u d j Z k g1u _ 2 k f ^ e b g .h K _ f _ g Z q _ j g u, _ l \ _ j ^ u _ . : j _ Z e ­ K R : ( L _ o Z k ,5-- c ). D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u c \ d m e v l m E _ l b ^ b c i h e b \ j _ ] m e y j g u c _ s _ g b _ e _ l h f G_ . j_ \ g . Hk\ ­ yjdh, _ k h eg_qgh K h klZ\ ih q \u k ih\ ur_ggu f k h ^_j`Zg b_f fbg _jZev ghc qZklb ._ (1 q Z k l v i h , \ 2 q Z k l b i _ k dA b f h c k h ^ _ j ` Z l 9--10 ° K qu ). Z ijb . 59. Neochilenia hankeana (Forst.) Dolz. [Eriosyce] Hib kZgb _ . Kl_[_ev kZeZlh \h a , \g ZqZe_ rZjh \b ^g uc _e_guc , aZl _f m^ ebg _gg uc , jZa^_e_ggu c gZ [ m ]h jdb ihi_j_qguf b [hjha^dZfb . J_[_j 12--13. : j_h e u `_el h [_eu_, [h evrb _ P_gl jZevgu _ dh exqdb ^ h 3 kf ^ebg ,h bkdjb \e _ggu_ \\_jo JZ^bZe vg uo . (1--4) c . dh exq_d
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61. Neogomesia agavio ides Castan. [Ariocarpus] H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v l _ f g h a _ e _ ,g \ u g b ` g _ c q Z k l b h ^ j _ \ _ k g _ \ Z x s b c j h \ b ^ g u ,c ^ h 5 .K c , rZ kf \ ^bZf _lj_ Hl p_g ljZ kl_[ey j Zko h ^ylky djmigu _ i e h kdb_ kf ^ebgh c ^h . 4 kh k h qdb . : j _ h e u d j m i g ,u ^ _ h 1 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l ,j _ k [ _ e u f b e b ` _ e l h \ Z l u f .i m o h f q d b Dhex h l k m l k l \ .mPx\ _ ll d b l _ f g h j h a h \ d h e h d h e v q Z l h \ h j h g d ,h ^ \ h 5g k f_ ^ e b g h c --4 , u_ b^ u 3b k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ I e h ^ u d j Z k g uh_ 2,5 k f ^ e b g .h :cj _ Z e ­ F _ d k b d( Z Z f Z m e ). i Z k ,^ L b D m evl .m j Z Hlgh kbl _evgh f_^e_g gh jZklm sbkh\j_f _ggh c kbkl _fZl bd_ h lg_k_g d . < c \ b^ jh ^mAriocarpus b h q_\b ^g h , gZb [ h e__ jZgh aZp\_lZxs bc _]h ij_^klZ\ bl _ev , . Lj _[m _l i_kqZg bklh c ihq kh klhys_c 2 bqZkl_c i _kd Z qZklb i e h ^ h j h ^g h c ihqI\u e b\ , \u a 1b .h m f_j_g gu , lhevdh \ l_i eu _ . ^g b _evgh e _]dh _ ijb l_g _gb k h [_ggh ^ey fheh ^uo c @_eZl ,h_ jZkl_gb cA bf hc k h ^_ j` Zl i10--12 ° K . jb .

62. Neollo ydia odorata (Boed.) Backbg Hib kZgb _ . Kl_[_ev l_f gh a_e _gu c \b ^g uc ^h 3 kf \ ^b Zf_l , d m klys bc ky h l , rZjh , j_ h k g h \ Z g h [ j Z a m _ l [ h e v r b _ ^ _ j g b ghuk h q d b p b e b g ^ j b q ,_ k^ h 0,7 k f ^ e b g .h c , by .K db_ : j_h eu ]h e u_ beb k g_[h evrb f d h ebq_kl \h . P_gl jZev gu_ dh exqdb k f \h ceh dZ (3--4) l h e k l u f h k g h \ Z g b _ f b d j x q d h f, g Z d j h g p _h \ Z l h ] h ^ h q _ j g h d h j b q g _ \ h ] h p \ _ l Z hl dZkg . JZ^bZevg u_ d h exqdb [_eu_ , \ \_jog_c qZklb kl_[ey l _fgh dhjb ,qg_ \u _ , ^h (7--9) ijyfu_ 1 k f ^ e b g .h P \ _ l d b ` _ e l h \ Z l h j h a h 1,5_ k f ^ e b g h c k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ K _ f _ g Z q _ j g u, _ c ,\u 1b [e_klys b_ : j_Ze ­ F_dkbdZ . ( LZf Zm ebi Zk E m bk Ih lhkb , KZg ). D m e v l. m j d m e v l m j _ l j _ [ m _ l l _ i e h ] h b k h e g _ q g h ] h . k h e_ j bZ g bfy_ j _ g g , c

, iha^g__ k fZehqbke_ggufb bah]gmlufb b f h s g u f b d h e x q d Z f b l _ f g h d h j b q g _ \ h ] h b e b q _ j , h o hZ p u_ \lZ x s b f b \ _ k v g ]\ l\ Z kl_[_ev JZ^bZevg uo dh exq_d b [ h e__ Dh j_gv j_ih\b^gucP\_ldb jha h \Zlh . 10--20 . . djZkgu k_f_g Z q_j gu ._ : j_Ze ­ Qbeb ,_ . D m e v l. m j ZZ \ g b l _ e v g h f _ ^ e _ g g h j Z k l m ,s \ b d mb ^ v l m j _ g _ i j b o h lEe_ l h f Kj c \e . b\ lj_[ m _l m f_j_g gh ]h i h eb\ Z b ijb l_g _gby . Kh klZ\ ih q\u k i h \ur _gguf kh ^_j`Zgb_f fb g_jZe vgh c qZklb (1 qZklv ih q\u qZklb i _k dZ ,2 ). Abfhc k h ^_j`Zl ijb ° K
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68. Notocactus submammulo sus (Speg.) Backbg. [Parodia] H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v h d j m ], ei u c ` _ [ h e _ _ b e b f _ g _ _ m ^ e b g _ ,g ^ g u c k f \ \ u k h l m b .K ha h 10 6 kf \ ^bZf _lj_ l_fgh a_e _gu c , . J_[jZ (13) k \ ukl m iZxs bf b k h kh P_gl jZevgu _ . qdZfb d h e x q d(2) ^ h 2 k f ^ e b g .h J Z ^ b Z e v g u _ d h e(6)q d^ h 7 f f ^ e b g h c h e _ _ b e b f _ g _ _ b c xb ,[ ] h j b a h g l Z e ,v r b e_ h \ b ^ g u _ b [ e _ k l y s b _ b e b g _ [,hg Z i j b _ \ e _ g g u _ \ \ _ j .o < k _ gu evr Z d h e x q d b k \ _ l e h a h e h,l d j kild b ,_ m h k g h \ Z g b y j m [ b g h \ h i d j a ` _k g uh \ Z l u _ b _ u_ , h Z k_j _ . P\_l db `_e lu_, ^ h 4 kf \ ^bZf _lj_ : j_Ze ­ Mj m ]\ Zc j] _gl bg . . ,: Z D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u c \ d m e v l m E _ l b ^ b c i h e b \ j _ ] m e y j g u c l Z \ i h q \ u G_ . j_ \ g . Khk h [ u q g u,c k k h h l g h r _ g b _ f i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c q Z k l b 1. A b fd Z k h ^ _ j ` Z l 8--10 ° K 1: b i _ k h c ijb . < b ^ [ e b a d b c d ammulosus, h l e b q Z _ l k y [ h e _ _ f h s g u f b j , [ kZ fkbh q d Z f b b N. m _ jh dh exqdZf b .

69. Obregonia denegrii Fric. H i b k Z g b _h g h l b i g u c . j h ^ ^ \ g _ r g _ g Z i h f b g Z _ l Z j b h d Z j i m k u b j h . _ h d Z d l m k .F
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lh] h ^h djZkgh d h jbqg _ \h ]hijyfuZ, `_kl db_, , p \_l _ d Z j f b g g uk f ^ e b g .h :cj _ Z e ­ k _ \ _ j : j ] _ g l b g u , ^h4 _ d m e v l m j _ j Z k l hgj h r h j Z a \ b \ Z _ l k y l h e v d h i j b . O _ b_ k \ ._ s< _ g bl b b c i _ j b h ^ i h e b \ m f _ j _ g .g K c k l Z \ i h q \ u e_ g uh e h ^ h j h ^ g h c q Z k l b 1. A b fd Z k h ^ _ j ` Z l 8--10 ° K 1: b i _ k h c ijb .

72. Parodia aureispina Backbg. H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v r Z j h \ b ^ g ,u k \ _ l e h a _ e _ g ,u k m i e h s _ g g h c \ _ j o m r^ h 6,5 k f \ .K c c , dhc ^ b Z f _ l j _ . J _ [ j Z (16 b [ h e) _ _ j Z k i h e h ` _ g u k i b j Z .e :vj _ g h u k ` _ e l u f i m o h f he . P _ g l j Z e v g u _ d h e x q ) b h e _ _ b e b f _ g _ _ a h e h l b k l h , ` d j liud_ b ,_ ^ h 1,5 k f ^ e b g ,h c (6d [ _e_ g b ` g y y d h e x q d Z k d j x q d h f .gJZ ^ d h g p _ g u _ d h e(x hd b) s _ l b g b k l ,u l h g d ,b _ Z bZev ^ q 40 _ [ _ e u . P \ _ l d b a h e h l b k l h ` ,_ e^ h u _ k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ K _ f _ g Z d h j b q g _ \ ,u f _ e d b. _ : j _ Z e _ l6 _ ­ k_\_j :j]_g lb gu ( KZevl B f__l g _kdh e vdh jZa gh\ b^gh leb qZxsb o ky ^ebg guf b ). Z , h kl_c [h e__ fhsg uf djxqdh f p_g ljZevgu o dh exq_d b gZkus_g ghkl vx ahehlb klh `_e p \ _l Z . D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u c \ d m e v l m E _ l b ^ b c i h e b \ j _ ] m e y j g u c l Z \ i h q \ u G_ . j_ \ g . Khk h [ u q g u,c k k h h l g h r _ g b _ f i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c q Z k l b 1. A b fd Z k h ^ _ j ` Z l 8--10 ° K 1: b i _ k h c ijb . 73. Parodia elegans Fechs. Hib kZgb _ . Kl_[_ev rZjh \b^gu c [jZam_l h ljhkl db \ gb` g_c qZkl b jZa ^_e_gu gZ ,h . J_[jZ kh k h qdb h exqdb [_eu_ \ _jog_c qZklb i jyf ,u_djZkgh\ Zlh dh jbqg_\u _ .D ,\ , aZdZg qb\ Zxsb _ky djxqdh fdb `_e lu_, [ hev rb _ ^h 3 k f \ ^bZf _lj_ P\_lh qgZy . P\_l , . l j m [ d Z ] m k l h i h d j u l Z .hIeehhk^ u Z h b d b _ b k m o bg_ Z f _ e d, bk_ \ _ l e h \ d lf g . K_f_ dh jbqg _\u_ . : j_Ze ­ k_\_j :j]_g lb gu . Jh^ iZjh ^by \ gZklh y s__ \j _fy g Zkqbl u\Z_l ijbf _jg h 66 \ b^ h\ . D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u c \ d m e v l m D Zbd^ [ h e v r b g k l \ h i, Z j h ^ bZ _ l k y \ G_ . j_ \ gm`^ c [h evrhf dh ebq_kl \_ kh e g_qgh ]h K_ygp u i_j \u _ ^\ Z l jb ]h ^Z hl e bqZxlky . k\ _lZ f _ ^ e _ g g u f j h k l h fE _ l g b c i h e b \ j _ ] m e y j g u ck l Z \ i h q \ u h [ u ,gk c h h l g h r _ g b _ f . . Kh q uk ieh ^ h j h ^ g h c q Zk l b b 1:1. dA b fhc k h ^ _j ` Z l i8--10 ° K i _k Z jb . 74. Parodia for mosa Rit. Hib kZgb _ . Kl_[_ev h l k_j h \Zlh a _e_gh ]h ^h j h ah\Zlh ,[jhg ah\h]hc rZjh\b ^gu , i jbie xkg m l, uk h k eZ[ h h i m r_ g g h c \ _ j ,om rdh fc \ ^ b Z f _l .j _ J_ [j Z (13--26) c 6--8 k [m ]h jqZlu_o h j hrh \ujZ` _g gu _ : j_h eu [_e u_. P_gljZevgu _ dhexqdb12) k \_leh , . (6-- d h j b q g _ \ u , i j y f u _ , l h g d ,b0,3--0,8 k f ^ e b g .h J Z ^ b Z e v g u _ d h e(x^ hd b) l _ o ` _ _ _ c q 30 j Z a f _ j h \ b h d j Z. kP \ b d b ` _ e l u ,_ 2 k f ^ e b g h c k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ I e h ^ u h d j m ] .e u _ d_l 4b K_f_g Z 5 ff \ ^bZf_l j_ , k\_l e h dZr lZgh \u_ 0, . : j_Ze ­ ;h eb\b. y D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u c \ d m e v l m E _ l b ^ b c i h e b \ j _ ] m e y j g h e g h _ k h e g _ q g h _ G_ . j_ \ g . I uc h k \ _ s _ g b _ i _ j _ g h k b l i e ,h g _ h [ o h ^ b f h i j b l _ g _ . b _ h k l Z \ i h q \ u h [ u , gk c oh gK qu khh lghr_gb _f ieh^ h j h ^ghc qZklb 1:1.i_kdZ c k h ^_j`Zl ijb b Abfh 8--10 ° K .

75. Parodia maassii (Hees) Berg. H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v y j d h a _ e ,_ gru cj h \ b ^ g u ,c10--15 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ : j _ h e u k [ _ e u f .K Z \hc ehdh f [j Z (13--21) ki b jZ e_ \b ^ g u _ k d j m i gu fb [m ] h jd Z fb \ \ _j o g _ c qZ klb kl _[ e . J_ , . P_gl jZev gu _ dhe xqdbh l l_f gh ` _eluo ^h dh jbqg ,_\uo yy d h exqdZ (4) gb`g

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, k dj xq d h, f 3--7 k f ^ eb ghc Z ^ b Z e v g u _ d h exq d b l h g db_l _f gh .J (8--15) , ` _ e l u _ , ^ h 1 k f ^ e b g .h P \ _ l d b d j Z k g h \ Z l h ` _ ,e2l u _ f ^ e b g h c b h3d k f h ^ b Z f _ l .j _ c k he \ Ieh ^u km o b_ . K_f_g Z f Zlh\h q_jgu :_ j_Ze ­ x] ;he b\bb . , k_\_j :j]_g lbgu.
78. Parodia salmo nea Brandt H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v a _ e _ g, upcb e b g ^ j b q _ k d ,b10--14 k f \ u k h l h 8--10 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ .K c cb <_j om rdZ ieh kdZy gh hi m r_gJ_[jZ (20) m adbh_ klju,_ kib jZe_\b^gu, _ h dheh , kbev . gZy , 1 k f \ u k h l, hj Z a ^ _ e _ g u g Z [ m ] h j _ d b u r _ j k l b k l u _ [ _ e u _ b e b d j _ f h \ Z .l u _ c . : he , P _ g l j Z e v g u _ d h e x q d b h j b q g _ \ Z l u _ ^ h 1 k f ^ e b g .h H ^ g Z b a g b o g Z b [ h e _ ,_ f h s g Z y (4) d , c ^ h 1,5 k f ^ e b g .h J Z ^ b Z e v g u _ d h e(5--9) k \ _ l e h d h j b q g _ \ u _ l h g d ,b i_ j y f u _ , h d h e h c xqdb , 0,6 k f ^ e b g .h P \ _ l d b j h a h \ u o h l l _ ,g h d h e hk f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ : j _ Z e ­ ; h e b \ b y c dh\ 4 QmdbkZdZ ). D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u c \ d m e v l m E _ l b ^ b c i h e b \ j _ ] m e y j g u c l Z \ i h q \ u G_ . j_ \ g . Khk h [ u q g u,c k k h h l g h r _ g b _ f i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c q Z k l b 1. A b fd Z k h ^ _ j ` Z l 8--10 ° K 1: b i _ k h c ijb . 79. Parodia sanagasta (Fric) Wgt


. K l _ [ _ e v k _ j h \ Z l h a _ e ,_ g u ch \ b ^ g u ,c4--5 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ J _ [ j Z (15) rZj k i b j Z e _ \ b ^ g u _ j Z a ^ _ e _ g u g Z g _ [ h e v r b _ [ m:]j _h j e u d j m i g ,u ^ _ h 4 f f \ ^ b Z f _ l , . hdb ^\ m o e_lg _]h \ha jZklZ kbev gh hi h kr_g[_ggh \ \_j o g_c qZkl b . <_jom r dZ , m h gu _ kl_[ey [_eh c r _jklv.xP_gl jZevgu o dh exq_d ^gZ ba g bo g Zb[ h e__ , djm ig Zy 4, h j m [bgh-\h d j Z k g, Z^ h 1,5 k f ^ e b g .h J Z ^ b Z e v g u _ d h e(7--11) j h a h \ Z l ,u l h g d ,b ^ _ h 0,4--0,8 y c xqdb _ ^ e b g h. cP \ _ l d b ` _ e l u ,_ h d h e hk f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ I _ k l b d b j u e v p _ k \ _ l e h ` .e Il e h ^ 3 _ u_ d h j b q g _ \ Z l u _ ^ h 0,5 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ : j _ Z e ­ k _ \ _ j : j ] _ g l b g u , . D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u c \ d m e v l m E_ _ l\ b ^ b c i h e b \ j _ ] m e y j K u c l Z \ i h q G_ .j g . g hk wlh ]h \ b^Z j_d h f_g ^m _lky h [uqgkhh lghr_gb_f i e h ^ h j h ^g h c qZklb1:1. i , k uc b Abfhc k h^ _j `Zl i8--10 ° K jb .

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80. Parodia subterranea Ritt. H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v r Z j h \ b ^ g ,u icj b i e x k g m l, u^ h 6 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l ,j _ h l l _ f g h ] h ^ h .K c h e b\dh\ h a_e _g, h] h[_ e h c r _ j kl b k l h c fZ d. m rdh(11--13) k J_ [j Z c 4­ 7 f f \ u k h l h c b e v g h d h g b ,q _ k d b^ b g y x s b _ k y m h k g hZZ geb_ g _ g g u _ g Z ,k h_ _ , j \ kq y [m ]h jdbj_ h eu [_ eu ,_ [u kl j h l_ j y x s b _ hi m r_ gb _ _g lj Z ev g u _ dh ex(1--4), .: .P q db dj_idb_, ijyfu_ , qZ s_ q_jgu _ , 7­ 14 f f ^ e b g h c Z ^ b Z e v g u _ d h e(10d bg Z q Z e _ d h j b q g _ \ ,u a Z l _ f q _ j g -h .J xq) \ _ dh jbqg _\u_ , [e_klys b_ , 5­ 8 f f ^ e b g h c \ _ l d b i m j i m j g uh 3 k f ^ e b g .h Ice h ^ u d j Z k g u _ b e b a ,_ e _ g u _ .P ,^_ [_eh him r_g gu:_ j_Ze ­ ;heb \by . . D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u c \ d m e v l m E _ l b ^ b c i h e b \ j _ ] m e y j g u c l Z \ i h q \ u G_ . j_ \ g . Khk h [ u q g u,c k k h h l g h r _ g b _ f i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c q Z k l b 1. A b fd Z k h ^ _ j ` Z l 8--10 ° K 1: b i _ k h c ijb . 81. Pfeifferf erecta Ritt . [Lepismium] H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v k l h y q ^ b c k f \ u k h l h 6--12 f f \ ^ b Z f _ l j ,_ k \ _ l e h a _ e _ g ,u c .K , h 30 cb k e Z [ h \ _ l \ y s b.c Jk_ [ _ j 5--7, ^ h 2,5 f f \ u k h l h c j _ h e u [ _ e u ,_ d j m ] e ,u m ^ Z e _ g g u _ y .: _ ^ j m ] h l ^ j m ]D h e x q d(12--16) l h g d ,b [_ _ e u , o j m i d .b P \ _ l d b1,5 k f ^ e b g ,h [c_ e u , .Z b _ _ _ i _ k l b d b j u e v p _ [. _ e e h ^ u \ ^ b Z f _ l j 1 k f l _ f g h a _ e _ g u _ k l h g d b f b [ _ e u f b Iu_ _ , s _ l b g d Z , b j Z k g _ x s b f b i j b k h a j _ \ .Z K bf bg Z j Z a f _ j h f 1,5 f f , ] e Z ^ d ,b _ fd g_ _ ^h ]ey gp_\h q_jg u_ : j_Ze ­ ;heb \by . . D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u c \ d m e v l m E_ _ l\ b ^ f l j _ [ m _ l k y j _ ] m e y j g u c , i h e b \ G_ .j h i j b l _ g _ g b _ h l i j y f h ] h k h e ghpkZ Z \ i h q \ u h [ u q ,g k ck h h l g h r _ g b _ f i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c .K l u q Z k l b b i _ 1:1. ZA b f h c k h ^ _ j ` Z l 8­b10 ° K kd ij .

82. Po rfiria schwartzii (Fric) Boed. [Mammillar ia] H i b k Z g b _ h g h l b i g u c . j h ^ l _ [ _ e v ] h e m [ h \ Z l h a _ i j _ b iuecx k g m l h r Z j h \ b ,g u c .F K ,eg ^ h d h e hk f \ ^ b Z f _ l ,j _ k h ^ _ j ` b l f e _ q g u c k .h D h j _ g v j _ i h \ b ^ g u c _ [ j Z k h k l h y l b a 4 d .J `_kl dbo lj _o ]j Zgg uo kh kh qd h 2 h d h ^ebgh : j_h eu f_edb, _ \ jZgg _ f \hajZkl _ \ kf e h . c r_j klb klu ._ P_gl jZev gZy d h exqdZ h lkm l kl\dh _l 1 beb , m jbqg _ \Zy k l_fguf d h, gphf ^h 0,5 k f ^ e b g .h J Z ^ b Z e v g u _ d h e(14d b 7) [ _ e u _ b e b k _ j h \ Z,l l h g d ,b h d h e h k f c x q --1 u_ _ 0,5

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83. Pseudolobivia aurea (Britt. et Rose) Backbg. [Echinopsis] H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v r Z j h \ b ^ g u c ^ h m ^ e b g ,_ g^ h 10] k f \ u k h l,hlc_ f g h a _ e _ g u c .K gh h , fZlh\ uc J_[jZ (14--15) \u k h db_ q_ldh \ujZ`_gg u_. P_gljZev gZy d h exqdZ h ^gZ . , , 2--3 kf ^ e b g h. cJ Z ^ b Z e v g u _ d h e(10) bh 1 k f ^ e b g .h < c _ d h e x q d b ` _ e l ,u k l _ f g u f xqd ^ k _ h k g h \ Z g .b Pf \ _ l d b7--9 k f ^ e b g h c b8 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l ,j _ a h e h l b k l h ` _ e l:u_ Z e ­ _ 6-- . j_ : j ] _ g l b g ZD h j ^ h \ Z ( ). D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u c .\ bI ^ j b i j Z \ b e v g h f m o h ^ _ p \ _ l _ l h . b e_ lvhgf h k h ^ _ j ` Z l G_ [E i j b m f _ j _ g g h f k h e g _ q g h f h k \ _ s _ g h e b \ j _ ] m e y j g u c b h [ b. eK h k lcZ \ i h q \ u . I bb vgu h [uqg uc k khh lghr_g b_f i e h ^ h j h ^ghc qZkl b1:1. i_kdZr__ p \_l _gb _ , b Ohjh h [_ki_qb\Z_l ijhoeZ^gZy ab fh\dZ ij ° K 8--10 b . 84. Pyrrhocactus bulbocalyx (Werd.) Backbg. [Eriosyce] Hib kZgb _ . Kl_[_ev k_jh a_e_g, uc rZjh \b ^g uc . J _[jZ (10--12) h d jm ] euke_ ] dZ j Z k r b jy x sb _k y m : j_Zhj _h e [ h e v rb _ ,_ . eu , m ^ e b g _ g g, uk_ \ _ l e h k _ j u _ \ h c e h q g u _ j Z a ^ _ e _ g g u _ g Z p \ _ l d h \ m x b d h e x q d h .\ m x q Z k l , , P _ g l j Z e v g u _ d h e x q d b ) d j Z k g h \ Z ,l u _ [ h e _ _ l _ f g u f b d h g p Z f b g m l ^ u _2 k f (3--4 k , bah] ,h ^ e b g h. cJ Z ^ b Z e v g u _ d h e(7--11) l _ o ` _ j Z a f _ j h \ b h d j Z. kPd\ _ b d b k \ _ l e h ` _ e l ,u4_ xqdb l k f ^ e b g ,h k d j Z k g u f a _ \ h f b d h j h l d h c l j m [ d h c k f g h ] h q b k e _ g g u f b d h j b q g _ \ c s_l bg dZfb j_Ze ­ k_\_j : j] _glb gu. ,: D m e v l. m j Ze _ g g h j Z k l m s b c. G m ` ^ Z _ l k y \ h [ b e b b k h e g _ q g . Lh _ [ k \ _ l Z F_^ \b^ h] j m i_kqZg h c ihq\, uk h klhys_c 2 ba qZkl_c i_kdZ qZklb i e h ^h j h ^g h c ihq\u eb\ 1b . Ih m f_j_g gu , lhevdh \ l_i eu _ . ^g b _evgh e _]dh _ ijb l_g _gb k h [_ggh ^ey fheh ^uo c @_eZl ,h_ j Z k l _ g b c b f h c k h ^ _ j ` Z l 6--8 ° K .A ijb .

85. Pyrrhocactus floccosus Backbg. [Eriosyce] HibkZ gb _ _ [ _ev hd j m ]eu c ^ h \ ul y, gfZ ll h ]h l_ fg h a_e _g u c Z (15--17) . Kl m h\ h . J_ [j ih qlb i jyfu_ ke_] dZ [m ]h jqZlu _ eu [h e vrb_k_ju_ . P_gljZevg uo dhe 3--7, , . : j_h , xq_d ^h 1,5 kf ^ebgh JZ^bZe vguo dh exq_d .

. JZ^bZe vg u_ dh exqd b k\_l eu _ , f_e db_ 0,1--0,2 kf , lhgdb_ , ^ e b g h. cP \ _ l d b d j h \ Z \ h d j Z k g u ]_ e y g p _ \ u f [ e _ k 2 h f ^ e b g h c k f \ ^ b Z f _ l ,j _ ,k ,dk 3b aZ\ yav k dh j bqg _\h nbh e_lh\u fb q_r ,mg_ kih b h [gu d kZfhh iue_gb x cdZf k kZf h kl_jb e vg u_j_Ze ­ ;heb\ by ). : . D m evl .m j Z o h leb \uc \ d m evl m j @_eZl_evg h kheg _qgh_ f_klh iheh`_g b_ G_ijb . _ \ b^ . E_lg bc i h eb\ j_] m eyjg uc klZ\ i h q\u h [uqguckhh lghr_g b_f i e h ^ h j h ^g h c qZklb b . Kh ,k i _ k d Z . A b f h c k h ^ _ j ` Z l 8--10 ° K 1:1 ijb . 87. Rebut ia minuscula K. Sch. Hib kZgb _ . Kl_[_ev k\_l e h a _e_guc beb k_jh \Zlh , a_e_guxkgm lh r Zjh\ b^guc ijbie c , ^h 5 kf \ ^ bZ f_ l ,j_ d m k l y s bcJ_ [j Z (16--20) k h kl h yl b a f _ edbo [ m ]h jdh \ . ky , jZkih e h `_ggu o ki bjZe _\b P_gl jZev gu_ dhexqdb h lkm.lkl\ m xl vg u_ d h exqdb . ^g h JZ^bZe (25--30) [ _ e h \ Z l u _ l h g d ,b0_ ,3 k f ^ e b g .h P \ _ l d b y j d h d j Z k 3--4 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ , c , gu_ AZ\ya v [e_^gh djZkgZy r _jeZo h \h djZk, gud_ h e h5 kf \ ^bZf_lj_ : j_Ze ­ k_\_j . Ie h ^u h 0, . : j ] _ g l b g u( L m d m). Z g f D m evl .m j Z o h leb \uc \ d m evl m j @_eZl_evg h kheg _qgh_ f_klh iheh`_g b_ G_ijb . _ \ b^ . E _ l g b c i h e b \ j _ ] m e y j K u c l Z \ i h q \ u ^ e y w l h ] h \ b ^ Z j _ d h f _ g ^ m _ l k, yk h [ u q g u c . g hk khh lg hr _g b_ f i e h ^ h j h ^g hc q Z kl b 1:1. i A b fh c d Z d lm k u k h ^_ j ` 8--10 ° K b _ kd Z Z l ij b .

88. Rebut ia senilis Backbg. Hib kZgb _ . Kl_[_ev k\_l e h a _e_guc , rZjh\b ^ gu c 6--8 k f \ ^bZf _lj_ k [hdh \uf b , , h ljhkldZfb . P_gljZevgu _ dhexqdb h lkm.lkl\ m x l JZ^bZevgu_ d h exqdb (20--30) k_j_[jbklh [_eu_ lhgdb_ijyf u_ , iheg h klvx aZdju\ Zxl .kl_[_ev dZjfb ggh , , P\_ldb d j Z k g ,u k h k \ _ l e u f a _ ,\ h^ h 3 k f ^ e b g h c ,5b k f \ ^ b Z f _ l ,j _ a Z \ y a v a h e h l b k l h _ f 3 h j Z g ` _ \ Z .y : j _ Z e ­ k _ \ _ j : j ] _ g l b g u ( K Z e v lD _ [ j Z ^ Z W k d h ). i< b ^ b f _ _ l j y ^ n h j f, ,Z , c_ h leb qZxsbo ky kl_[eyf exqdZfb b p\ _ldZfb , dh b . D m evl .m j Z o h leb \uc \ d m evl m j @_eZl_evg h kheg _qgh_ f_klh iheh`_g b_ G_ijb . _ \ b^ . E_lg bc i h eb\ j_] m eyjg uc klZ\ i h q\u h [uqguckhh lghr_g b_f i e h ^ h j h ^g h c qZklb b . Kh ,k i _ k d Z . A b f h c k h ^ _ j ` Z l 8--10 ° K 1:1 ijb .

89. Rebut ia senilis v. kesselringiana Bewg. Hib kZgb _ . Kl_[_ev k\_l e h a _e_guc , rZjh\b ^ gu c 6--8 k f \ ^bZf _lj_ k [hdh \uf b , , h ljhkl dZfb . P_gl jZevgu _ dh exqdb h lkm.lkl\ m x l vgu_ d h exqdb ) ]m klu _ JZ^bZe (30--35 , ` _ e l h \ Z l u ,_ l h g d ,b i_ j y f u _ , 8--12 f f ^ e b g h c h e g h k l v x a Z d j u \ Z x l . kPl \ _ _ [l _ d b ,i ev k \ _ l e h ` _ e l u, _ e _ i _ k l d b h d j m ,] ehu3_ k f ^ e b g h c b k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ I e h ^ u h e b \ d h .\ u _ ^ 4,5 K_f_gZ ]e ygp _\h q_jgu: _ j_Ze ­ k_\_j : j]_g lbg u ( KZevlZ . , D_[jZ^ Z Wkdh ).
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90. Rebut ia vio laciflora Backbg. H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v ` _ e l h a _ e _ g, ui cb i e x k g m l, ukc \ ^ Z \ e _ g g h c \ _ j o m r ,d2--3,5 k f \ .K j hc ^bZf_l j_ , k \ha jZklhf h [jZam _l [h evrh _ qb ke h [h dh\u o eu [_]h\ . : j_h ih k ` _elh \Zl uf \ h c e h d .h P _ g l j Z e v g u _ d h e x q d b [ h e _ _ f, hq _ sf g j u _ ^ b Z e v g,u^ h 2 k f ^ e b g ,h c f Z _ ah e h lbkl h dhjb qg_\u_ . JZ^bZevg u_ d h exqdb (15--25) `_elh\Zlh dhjb qg_\u_ , s _ l b g d h \ b ^ g u 0,8--1,5 k f ^ e b g .h P \ _ l d b3 k f ^ e b g h c ,5b k f \ ^ b Z f _ l ,j _ y j d ,_ c 3 h nbh e_lh\u_ kZfhhi uey _fu_j_Ze ­ : j]_g lbg Z KZevlZ , .: ( , D_[jZ^ Z Wkdh ). , ci_ D m evl .m j Z o h leb \uc \ d m evl m j @_eZl_evg h kheg _qgh_ f_klh iheh`_g b_ G_ijb . _ \ b^ . E_lg bc i h eb\ j_] m eyjg uc klZ\ i h q\u h [uqguckhh lghr_g b_f i e h ^ h j h ^g h c qZklb b . Kh ,k i _ k d Z . A b f h c k h ^ _ j ` Z l 8--10 ° K 1:1 ijb .

91. Roseocactus fissuratus (Eng.) Berger [Ariocarpus] H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v i e h k d h r Z j h \ b 7--1c k f \ ^ b Z f _ l ,j _ [ _ a [ h d h \ u o i h [ _ ] h \ .K , ^gu0 , k_jh a _e_guck h \j_f _g_f `_el _xsb c , \_j omrdZ kl _[ey ieh kdZy gZy b gZ , , h im r_g , ihql m j h \ g _ a _ f e b h k h q d b l j _ o ] j Z g2--3 k f ^ e b g h c b r b j ,b k ` h cl u _ m h k g h ,\ Z g b y .K , gu_ gZ k ] e m [ h d h c h i m r _ g g h c [,h j j Z k i d h c ` _ g g u _ \ \ b ^ _ j h a _ .l d bl e b q Z _ l k y h l ^ j m ] b o ha^ heh H \b ^h\ , ij_` ^_ \ k_ ]h , jZkqe_g _gg hc r _j h o h \Zlhc ih\ _jogh klvx khkhdb h [e_^gh . P \_l qd \ j h a h \ u, _ k [ h e _ _ y j d h c p _ g l j Z e v g h c i h e h k d h c \ ^ h 3--4 ek_ if_ k\ l ^d h \ f _ l .j _ , ev bZ I e h ^ u [ _ e h \ Z l h a _ e _ g h \,Zm ue_ b g _ g g, u _ --1,5 k f ^ e b g .h :cj _ Z e ­ K R : ( L _ o Z k l^ 0,5 ), F _ d k b d( Z h Z m). e Z D b D m evl .m j Z Hq_gv f _^e_ggh j Zkl m sb . Lj_[m_l i_kqZg bkl h c ihkh klhys_c 2 ba c \b ^ , q\u q Z k l _ c i _ k d 1 q Z k l b i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c i. hI q hue b \ m f _ j _ g g u c h e v d h \ l _ i e u _ . ^ g b Zb \ ,l @_eZl _evg h e_] d h _ i j bl _g_g h k h [_ggh ^ey g _`g uo b m ya\ bf uo fh e h ^uo jZkl _gb c , b_ . Abfhc wl h l \ b ^ k h ^ _j `Zl i j b l_ fi _ jZ l m12 ° K 10-- j _ . 92. Roseocactus kotschoubeyanus (Lem.) Berger [Ariocarpus] H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v i j b i e x k g m l h r Z j h ,b ^ g 3 c f \ u k h l h 2--5 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l ,j _ k .K \ 1--u k cb i e h k d h c \ _ j o m r. dK h k h q d b l j _ m ] h e v g h c \ nh k fguh \ Z g b b r b j h d b _ b .i e h k d b _ hc , hj I h k j _ ^ b g _ k h k h q d h \ i j h o h ^ b l ] e m [ h d Z y 1 hkj h a^ edbZg hh b h0d h k f r b j b g , c [f^ ^c ,5 e h h k [ _ e u f \ h c e h. dD h j _ g v j _ i h \ b ^ g u c \ _ l d b j Z a e b q g u o h l l _ g d h \ d j Z k g, h ] h p \ _ l Z hf .P h d h e hk f ^ e b g h c b k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ I e h ^ u d j Z k g h \ Z l u _ b e b j h a h \ Z lbug_ _ g g, u _ 2 2--3 , m^e 0,5--1,5 k f ^ e b g .h :cj _ Z e ­ F _ d k b d( Zm j Z g ] h m w \ h E _ K g g E m b h l h k b > ,G ,hZ ­ Ik ). D m e v l. m j Z d , ` _ d Z d b i j _ ^ u ^ m s, bf c^ e _ g g h j Z k l m s b c. L j _ ^ [ m _ l i _ k q Z g b k l h c LZ _ \b i h q \ u , k h k l h y s _ c2 b Z k l _ c i _ k d 1 q Z k l b i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c i. hI q hue b \ m f _ j _ g g u c qa Zb \ , l h e v d h \ l _ i e u _ . ^ @ gebZ l _ e v g h e _ ] d h _ i j b l _ g ,_ ghbk_ h [ _ g g h ^ e y f h e h ^ u o j Z k l _ g b c _ . Abfhc kh ^_ j` Zl i10--12 ° K jb . 93. Submatucana paucicostata (Ritt.) Backbg. [Matucana]


H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v p b e b g ^ j b q _ k, d^ h 14 k f \ u k h l h 7 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ J _ [ j Z (7--11) .K bc cb l m i u_ j Za^ _e_ gg u _ gZ [ m ] h jd b d h gbq _ kd , 7--15 jffu \ u k h l hc j_ h eu , hc nhf .: dh jbqg _\u_ . P_gl jZev gZy d h exqdZ h ^gZ beb .hJZ^bZe vg u_ d h exqdb lkm lkl\ m _l (4--8) 0,5--3 k f ^ e b g .h < c _ d h e x q d b d Z r l Z g h \ h d h j b, q g _ a \h ]_ g m l P \ _ _ l d b l _ f g- h k bu .u d b g h \ Z j g, uk_ e b e h \ u f h l l _ g d h f h f h j n g (ub_ f _ x l h ^ g m i e h k d h k l v k b f ^ f _ 6 j b b , ab] ), h l k f ^ e b g .h P \ _ l h q g Z y l j m [ d 3,5 ^ h f ^ e b g ,h ich d j u l Z \ h e h k .d IZefhb^ u a _ e _ g u _ c Zk r Z j h \ b ^ g u ,_ i h d j u l u \ h e h k d Z f_ f _ g Z d j m i g u,2 f f ), d h j b q g _ \ u . : j _ Z e ­ I _ j m. .Kb (1 _ _ D m e v l. m j Zk e h ` g u c \ d m e v l m j @ _ e\ Z ^ l _ e v g h i j b l _ g _ g b _ h l i j y f h ] h . k h e g p Z G_ . b E_lg bc i h eb\ m f_j_g .gu c klZ\ ih q \u h [uqguckhh lghr_g b_f i e h ^ h j h ^ghc qZkl b b Kh ,k i _ k d Z . A b f h c k h ^ _ j ` Z l 8--10 ° K 1:1 ijb . 94. Sulcorebut ia vert ieillacantha Ritt. [Rebutia] H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v m ^ e b g _ g, g^ Z x s b c [ h d h \ u _ i h ,[ ^_ h b k f \ ^ b Z f _ l ,j _ l _ f g h .K uc ]3 a _ e _ g u .c J _ [ _ j 13--21, k g _ q _ l d b f b [ m ] h j ,d Zfffb ^ e b g h ch 3--5 f f r b j b g h c 2--4 5 ,^ b f f \ u k h l h c j _ h e u m ^ e b g _ g g uh 4 f f ^ e b g h c h e x q d(12--14) 2--4 f f ^ e b g h c .: ,^_ .D b , dh jbqg_\u_ k l_fguf h kg h\Zg b_f be . P\_ldb yj dh nbhe_lh \h im ji ,m jgu _ b k_ju_ k_j^p_\ bg Z b gh] ^Z hj Zg`_\Zy k f \ ^b Zf_lj_ : j_Ze ­ ;he b\by , ^h 4 . . D m e v l. m j Z g h k b l _ e v g h g _ i j b o h l e b \ u c \ d m eE _ l h fj _ i\ b ^ e b \ m f _ j _ g g u c Hl .vm h . @_eZl _evg h ijbl_g _gb _ h l ijy fh]h k h e gp Z ih q\u h [uqguckhh lghr_g b_f . KhklZ\ ,k ieh ^ h j h ^g h c qZklb b 1:1. Abfh c k h ^_j`Zl i8--10 ° K ;he __ l _ ieZy a bf h \dZ i _kdZ jb . fh `_l \u a\Zlv m kbe_g gh _ h [jZah\ Zgb _ [h d h \uo ih [_]h\ b ieh o h _ p\ _l_g b_ . 95. Tephrocactus articulatus v. papyracanthus Backbg. H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ e b k h k l h y l b a e _ ] d h h [ e Z f u \ Z x s b o k y g _ [ h e v r b o- q e _ g b d h \ .K a _ e _ g h ] h p , _ lhZ\ Z e v g h c n h j h d h e hk f ^ e b g h c k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ : j _ h e u k e Z [ h \ , fu 3 2b h i m r _ g g , g _ k m l d h j b q g _ \ u _ ] e h o b ^ b b x q d b i h ^ h [ g u _ [ m f Z k _ j u f\ Z l h [ _ e ,u _ u_ . Dhe , `g h r b j h d b _ b i e h k d b _ ] d Z a Z d j m q ,_ g^ h 3,5 k f ^ e b g .h P \ _ l d b [ _ e u _ k j h a h \ u f , ke gu_ c , h l l _ g d h f e h ^ u 1,5 k f ^ e b g .h K _ f _ g Z \ l \ _ j ^ h c d h ` m j :_ j _ Z e ­ a Z i Z ^ : j ] _ g l b. g< b ^ .I c . u bf __l 8 jZag h \b ^g h kl_c . D m e v l.m j Zg Z b a g Z b [ h e _ _ i h i m e y j g u o \ d h e e _ d p b y o < j Z a gehv\ b m j h k l v H^ . dm l ^g _ lj_[ m _l [h evrh]h dhe bq_kl\ Z l _ieZ b k h eg_qgh]h k\ _lZf_j_g gh ]h iheb\ Z , Z l Zd`_ m . K h k l Z \ i h q \ u h [ u ,q gku c h h l g h r _ g b _ f i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c q Z k l b b A b fd Z k h ^ _ j ` Z l k 1:1. i _ k h c ijb 5--7 ° K .

96. Thelocactus bicolor, v. tricolor (K. Sch.) Knut h H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v k b a f _ g q b \ u f i h h d j Z k d _ w i , ^mf^ e b g _ f g ,u c 0 k f .K b _ j b k h g 8--2 \ u k h l h c b h d h e h \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ H l e b q Z _ l k y h l h k l Z e v g u o i h ^ \ b ^ h \ p b e b g ^ j b q _ k d b 10 k f kl_[e_f k fgh ]h q bke_g gufb dj Zkgh [_eufb . dJ_[jZ (8, ^ h b hexqdZf 13) jZa^_e_g u gZ d j m i g u _ k h k h q d1,5 ^ k f ^ e b g .h P _ g l j Z e v g u _ d h e x q d b [ h e _ _ f h s g u _ i j y f u _ b bh c (1--4) , h klju_ 3--5 kf ^eb ghc , . P\_ldb nbhe _l h\h j h ah\u_ k r_ed h \b kl uf ,[e_kdhf 4--5 kf ^ e b g h c 5--6 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ : j _ Z e ­ K R : ( L _ o Z k F _ d k b d Z b ), . D m e v l.m j Z g h k b l _ e v g h g _ k e h ` g u c \ d m . v e Z lj _ e\ v g h i j b l _ g _ g b _ h l i j y f h ] h Hl e@_ lm b^ k h e g. pE _ l g b c i h e b \ j _ ] m e y j mu cj _ g g u .c K h k l Z \ i h q \ u h [ u ,q gku c h h l g h r _ g b _ f Z , g f_ k ie h ^ h j h ^ g h c qZk l b b 1:1. A b f h c k h ^ _ j `Z l ij b i _ kd Z 10--12 ° K . 97. Thelocactus krainzianus Backbg.

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H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v h ^ b g h q g u c^ e b g _ g g,u^ h 6 k f \ u k h l h 5,5bk f \ ^ b Z f _ l ,j _ .K ,m c c ] h e m [ h \ Z l h k \ _ l e h a. _ e _ g _ u ch 13, h g b i h e g h k l v x i h d j u l u k e Z [ h \ u j Z ` _ g g u f b J[j ^ [m ]h jdZfb eu m^ebg_g gu[_eh \Zlu_ P_gl jZev gu _ dh exqdb h lkm.lkl\ m xl . : j_h ,_ . JZ^bZe vg u_ d h exqdb 4) \g ZqZe_ k dj Zkgu f h kgh\Zgb _f (13--1 , `_e lh\ Zlu ,_ [ h e__ beb f _ g _ _ i j b ` Z l u d k l _ [ ,e2x \ _ j o g b _ ^ e b g h c 1,7 k f g b ` g b _ ^ h ,7 k f P \ _ l d b ^h , 2 . d j Z k g h \ Z l h i m j i m j g u _ k r Z j e Z o h \ h c ^ h 8j ,5b k f c\ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ I e h ^ u d j m ] e u _ , k_ _^ gh , dh jbqg _\Zlh nb he_l h\ u_ . K_f_g Z l _ fgh dhj bqg_\ujZaf _j h f 3 ff . : j_Ze ­ F_dkbdZ ,_ L ZfZm ebi Zk ). D m e v l.m j Z g h k b l _ e v g h g _ k e h ` g u c \ d m . v e Z lj _ e\ v g h i j b l _ g _ g b _ h l i j y f h ] h Hl e@_ lm b^ k h e g. pE _ l g b c i h e b \ m f _ j _ g. gK h k l Z \ i h q \ u h [ u , gk ck h h l g h r _ g b _ f i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c Z uc qu q Z k l b b i _ 1:1. ZA b f h c k h ^ _ j ` Z l 10b 2 ° K kd i j --1 . 98. Turbinicarpus polaskii Backbg. Hib kZgb _ . Kl_[_ev ]h em [h \Zl h k_jh \Zlh , aijbie xkg m luh d h e h5 kf \ ukh lhc _e_ gu c ,c 1, b 2--3 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l ,j _ g _ ^ Z x s b c [ h d h \ u o i h [J_ ][hj Z h l k m l k l. \ mj _x le u r b j h d h ._\ :h jZkklZ\ e_gg u_ b jZa ^_e_gg u_ ba\b e bklh c lhgdh c h exqdb --2) lhe vdh gZ . D [h j ha^dh c (1 \ _ j o m r d _ k l _ [ e y d h e hk f ^ e b g ,h b a h ] g m l ` ue_ l h \ Z l h k _ j u _ P \ _ l d b [ _ e u _ k h ,h 1 c ,_ . , k \ _ l e h j h a h \ u f j u e v, p _ f k f ^ e b g h c b \ ^ b Z. f K _j f _ g Z g _ d j m i, gk e_ Z [ h 1,5 _l _ u [e_klys b_ : j_Ze ­ F_dkbdZ . ( KZg E m bk Ih lhkb ). D m evl .m j Z Hlgh kbl _evgh f_^e_g gh jZklm sb c \ dm evl m_evgh ijb l_g _gb _ h l . @_eZl j_ \b ^ i j y f h ] h k h e g p_ lZ b c i h e b \ m f _ j _ g. gK h k l Z \ i h q \ u h [ u ,q gku c h h l g h r _ g b _ f .E g uc k i eh ^ h j h ^ g h c q Zk l b b 1:1. dA b fhc k h ^ _j ` Z l i8--10 ° K i _k Z jb . 99. Turbinicarpus schwarzii (S hurly) Backbg. H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v k \ _ l e h a _ e _,gp b e b g ^ j b q _ k d b c b e b r Z j h \ ,b hgduhce h k f .K uc ^ 3,5 \u k h l h ck i e h kd hc \ _j om.rd _ h c (5--8) j Z k i h e h ` _ g u k ib jZ e_\ b^ g m ]h j db , J [j Z , [h \u jZ` _gu ke Z[h h jbqg _ \Zl u_ be b k \_l e h a _e _gu _ jZevgu o dh exq_d g _l ,d . P_gl . J Z ^ b Z e v g u _ d h e x q d b [ _ e h \ Z l h k _ j u _ b e b ` _ e l h \ Z l h b ahhj b g mu h d h e hk f , d ] q g _ \, l u _ _ 1 ^ebg h. cP \_l db [_eu_ k a _e_gh\Zl uf h ll_g d h f b k dj Zkgh\ Zlhc i h e h kdh, c \ ^ h ev , 2 k f ^ e b g h c b h3d k f h ^ b Z f _ l .j _ : j _ Z e ­ F _ d k b d( Z Z g E m b k I). l h k b he \ K h D m evl .m j Z Hlgh kbl _evgh f_^e_g gh jZklm sb c \ dm evl m_evgh ijb l_g _gb _ h l . @_eZl j_ \b ^ i j y f h ] h k h e g p_ lZ b c i h e b \ m f _ j _ g. gK h k l Z \ i h q \ u h [ u ,q gku c h h l g h r _ g b _ f .E g uc k ie h ^ h j h ^ g h c qZk l b b 1:1. A bfh c k h ^ _j ` Z l i8--10 ° K i _ kd Z jb . 100. Weingart ia neocumingii Backbg. [Rebut ia] Hib kZgb _ . Kl_[_ev \g ZqZe_ rZj h\ b^gu c , iha`_ p b e b g ^ j b q _ k d ,b ^ c 20 k f \ u k h l h 10 b f \ ^ b Z f _ l ,j _ h l k \ _ l e h ^ h l _ f g h a _ e _ g h ] h h ck p \ _ l Z J _ [ j Z (16--18) j Z a ^ _ e _ g u g Z d j m i g u _ q _ l u j _ o ] j Z g g u _ b e b r _ k l b ] j Z g g u _ [ m ] . . : j _ h e u k ` _ e l u f h i m r _ g ,b ^ _ h 1 k f ^ e b g .h P _ g l j Z e v g u _ d h e x q d b ) ` _ k l d b ,_ ^ h f c (5--10 1,5 k f ^ e b g .h J Z ^ b Z e v g u _ d h e(14d b 6) ^ h 0,8 k f ^ e b g .h < c _ d h e x q d b ` _ e l ,u k c x q --1 k _ [ h e _ _ l _ f g u f b d h g p Z \f_ lbd b h j Z g ` _ \ u _ ^ h a h e h l b k l h ` _ e l h ], h^ h p \ _ l Z f ^ e b g h c .P 2,5 k b \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ : j _ Z e ­ ; h e b \ b y . D m e v l. m j Z g h k b l _ e v g h g _ i j b o h l e b \ u c \ d m. eO h m j r_ h\ b j ^ Z a \ b \ Z _ l k y i j b Hl vl jh b g l _ g k b \ g h f k h e g _ q g h f h k \ ._ s< _ g _bb h ^ \ _ ] _ l Z p b b i h e b \ m f _ j _ g .g K c k l Z \ i h q \ u ijb uh h [ u q g u,c k k h h l g h r _ g b _ f i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c q Z k l b 1. A b fd Z k h ^ _ j ` Z l 10b 2 ° K 1: b i _ k h c i j --1 . K_ygp u jZklm l f_^e_g gh .


101. Acanthocalycium vio laceum (Werd.) Hib kZgb _ . Kl_[_ev k\_l e h a _e_guc , g_dm klys bcpb ebg ^jbq_kdb h d h e20--25 kf , ky ,c h \u k h l h c 9­ 13 kf \ ^bZf_lj_ J_[jZ (13--17) ijyf u_ , \ukh db_ h l ghkbl _evgh h. klju_ b . , : j_h eu [_eu_, j_^dh jZkiheh` _g gu JZ^bZevgu_ d h exqdb 2) `_elh\Zlh ._ (10--1 dh jbqg _\u_ , ke_] dZ b ah]g m lu db_ b ` _kld1,5--2 kf ^ebgh P_gl jZevgu _ , lhg _ , b_ .c d h e x q d b h l k m l k lP mlx lb j h a h \ h n b h e _ l,h^ h 6--7 k f ^ e b g h c b k f \ . \ \_ d \u_ 3--4 ^bZf_l j_ . P\_lh qgZy lj m [dZ k ] m klu fb [_eu fb . s_lb gdZf b Ieh^u l _fgh a_e_gu _ , rZj h\ b^gu , h d h e2h kf \ ^b Zf_l . K_f_g Z djm ig u_ l_f gh d h jbqg _\u_ ­ _ j_ . : j_Ze : j ] _ g l b g ZD h j ^ h \ Z ( ). D m e v l.m j Z g h k b l _ e v g h g _ l j _ [ h \ Z l _ e v g u c \ d m. eE _ ll m fj _ i\ b ^ e b \ m f _ j _ g g u c Hl vh h . K h k l Z \ i h q \ u h [ u ,q gku c h h l g h r _ g b _ f i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c b f b g _ j Z e v 1:1. cA q b fkhl cc k gh Z _ k h ^ _ j ` Z l i j b8--10 ° K . 102. Astrophytum myrio stigma Lem. H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v r Z j h \ b ^ g u c b e b m ^ e b, g _ g g u ck f \ ^ b Z f _ l ,j _ h l k _ j h \ Z-l h .K 15--17 a_e_g h]h ^h [_e h k_jh ]h ( dZd i jZ \b 5)h dj m ig u_ k h kljufb djhf dZfb . J_[jZ ,e , . <_kv kl_[_ev ih djul r _jklb klufb [_eu fb dj Zib 0,5 kf ^ \ h ^bZf _lj_ Dh exqdb gZfb . h l k m l k l \ .m: x_ h e u m ^ Z e _ g u ^ j m ] h l ^ j m ] Z,5 gkZf P \ _ l d b k \ _ l e h ` _ e l ,u k jl 1­ 1 . _ r _ e d h \ b k l u f [ e _ k ,d h d h e hk f ^ e b g h c --6 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ I e h ^ u j Z k d j u \ Z x s b. _ k y hf 4 5b : j_Ze ­ F_dkb dZ h l p_g ljZe vguo ^h k_\ _jguo . h [eZkl_c D m e v l. m j e _ l g b c i _ j b h ^ g _ h [ o h ^ b f f Z d k b f m f k \ _ l Z b h ] j Z g b q _Igeg uoch i h e b \
104. Echino fossulocactus llo idii Br. et R. [Stenocactus] H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v k b g _ a _ e ,_ g[u ce _ _ b e b f _ g _ _ h d j m,] ^e u c k f \ u k h l h c b \ .K h h 12 ^bZf_l j_ , k \ha \ur Zxsbfb ky d h exqdZfb \u_ ih[_] b h [jZam_l . j J_[jZ . ;hdh _^dh f g h ] h q b k e _ g ,g l h g d ,b h l g h k b l _ e v g h g _ \ u, kbhadhb] _ g m l q u h y \ e y _ l k y u_ _ , l_ h leb q bl _evg uf ijb ag Zd h f jZkl_g bc . : j_h ]h jhgZqZe_ d h jbqg _\Zlu_ wlh eu \ ^Z . P_gl jZev gu _ dhe xqdbk\_l e h dh j bqg _\u, _ dj_idb _ b ^eb ggu_ (3) , bah ]gm lu _ \ g .m ljv J Z ^ b Z e v g u _ d h e (10--15) [ _ e u _ , l h g d ,b i_ j y f u _ , j Z k l h i u j _ g g , 4--8 k f ^ e b g .h c xqdb u_ P\_l db f_e db_ d h e h d h evqZlh \ h j h gdh\ b^gu _s_kl \_g gh [_eu _h d h e1,5 kf , ij_b fm , h ^ebg h c b \ ^b Zf_l :j_ j_Ze ­ F_dkbdZ . ( AZdZl_dZk ). D m e v l. mb Z o h j h r h j Z a \ b \ Z _ l k y i j b i h e g h f k h e g _ q g h f h k \ _ s _ g b b b m f _ j _ g g h
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. K h k l Z \ i h q \ u h [ u ,q gku c h h l g h r _ g b _ f i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c q Z k l b b A b fdgZ_ k 1:1. i _ k _ kh ^_j`Zgb_ ijb10--12 ° K .

105. Eriocactus leninghausii (Hge.) Backbg. [Parodia] H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v y j d h a _ e ,_ g\ g Z q Z e _ r Z j h \ b ^ g ,u k \ h a j Z k l h f d h e h g g h \ ^ b ^ g u c .K uc c ,h 1 f \ \ u k h l m --12 k f \ ^ b Z f _ l ,j _ k h k d h r _ g g h c d x ] m \ _ .j oH [rj Z h m _ l 10 b m dac i j b d h j g _ \ u _ h l i j u k d b _ [ j Z ( ^ h 30) g b a d,bk [ e b a d h j Z k i h e h ` _ g g u f b Z j _ h e Z f b .J _ . : j_h eu \ gZqZe_ [_eu_kbev gh hi m r_g u \ h[eZkl b . \_jP_gl rdb gu _ dh exqdb , om jZev (3-- 4) l h g d ,b b a h ] g m, l w _e Z k l b q ,g3--4 k f ^ e b g .h J Z ^ b Z e v g u _ d h e(x^ hd20) l h g d ,b _ _ u u_ c qb b ] e h \ b ^ g u _ ^ h \ h e h k h \ b ^ 1,5--2,5 k f ^ e b g .h < c _ d h e x q d b a h e h l b k l h ` _ e l h .] h p \ _ l Z , guo k P \ _ l d b a _ e _ g h \ Z l h ` _ e,l r b j h d h h l d j u , uh_ 6 k f ^ e b g h c b k f \ ^ b Z f _ l .j _ u_ l^ 7--9 I e h ^ u d j Z k g u _ b e b a ,e [_ geu _ h i m r _ g g. u: _ j _ Z e ­ x ] ; j Z a b e b b _ _h . D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u c \ d m e v l m E _ l b ^ b c i h e b \ j _ ] m e y j g u c l Z \ i h q \ u G_ . j_ \ g . Khk h [ u q g u,c k k h h l g h r _ g b _ f i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c q Z k l b 1. A b fd Z k h ^ _ j ` Z l 8--10 ° K 1: b i _ k h c ijb .

106. Gymnocalycium sp. Hib kZgb _ . Ij_^klZ\ bl _ev ^ h klZlh qgh f gh]h q bke_g gh]h jh ^Z , gZkqb lu\Zxs _]h \b^ b 71 g _ f Z e h j Z a g h \ b ^ g h k lZcd l m k u j Z k l m l h ^ b g h q g h b . b l]_ [m b i Z f b .D_ eK j ei ] b f g h d Z e b p b m Z h \ i j Z \ b e Z j h \ b ^ g u ,_ h l4 ^ h 50 k f \ u k h l. hB o h d j Z k d Z , df d , rh c dh e_[e_lky hl a _e_ghc jZaguo h l l_gdh\ ^ h djZkgh dh j bqg_\h c b nb h e_lh\ h c . >ey jZkl_g bc wlh ]h jh ^Z oZjZdl_jgh b af _g_gb_ k \hajZklh^ebgu d h exq_d , f qbke Z j _[_j p\_lZ , w i b ^ _ j f b k. Z _ [ j Z [ h e v r b g k l \ Z \ b ^ h \ j Z a ^ _ e _ g u g Z. Dm ] h j q d b j Z a g h h [ j Z a g u i h J [ hex db ^ebg _ b h djZkm jgb \ h kgh\gh f fh qd h \Zl u_ g_f gh]bf bkdexq_g b_f p\_l m-l k ^\ m o . Dh . AZ lj_o e_lg_] h \ h ajZklZ lh gu i h y\e yxlky gZ Zj_h eZo \ \ _jo g_c .qZklb kl_[ey . ;m P\_ldb hl [ _ e u o a _ e _ g h \ Z l u o b ` _ e l u o ^ h d ,j Z k g 0 o f ^ e b g h c b \ ^ b Z. f ;_ l j _ e v r b g k l \ h , 3--1 u k h \b^h\ ^Zx l k _f _g Z l h e vd h ij b i_ j _ d j _k lg h f h .i u j_ Zgbb : j ]_ g l b g ,Z ;h eb\ by : e_ e ­ , X ` g Z y ; j Z a b e ,b M j m ] \ Z c b I Z j . ] \ Z c y Z D m evl .m j Z ghdZe bpbm fu g _ijb o h leb \u \ . d meb\ e_lh f j_] m eyjg uc klZ\ =bf Ih evl m j_ . Kh i h q \ u h [ u q g u, ck k h h l g h r _ g b _ f i e h ^ h j h ^ g h c q Z k l b b A b fd Z k h ^ _ j ` Z l i j b 1:1. i _ k h c 10--12 ° K . 107. Mammillaria hutchisoniana (Gat) Bod. Hib kZgb _ . Kl_[_ev h eb\ d h \h a _e_gucebg ^jbq_kdb c 15 kf \ukhlh c b kf \ , pb , ^h 4--6 ^bZf_l j_ , k \ha jZklhf dm klys bckh qdb dhjh, ldb_ ]e h dhg bq_kdb _ kf . K h ky h djm , ^ h 0,6 ^ e b g h. cP _ g l j Z e v g u _ d h e x q d b _ 3) i j y f u _ , ^ h 8 f f ^ e b g h cg b a m [ _ e h ] h . p \ _ l Z ( Zs ,\ JZ^bZev gu _ d h ex qd b (15--20) 5--8 ff ^ ebgh cl h gd ,b j _ Z k i h e h ` _ gu em q_ h [ jZ agh \ h dj m ] , Z j _ h e .u P \ _ l d b [ _ e u _ d j _ f h \ u _ , a _ e _ g h \ Z l ,u h d h e h k f ^ e b g h c b \ ^ b Z, f i_ l j h ^ u , _ 1,5 e_ ^h 2 kf ^ebghc . K_f_g Z f _edb_q_jgu _ . : j_Ze ­ F_dkbdZ , ( Gb` gyy DZe bn h jgb y ). D m e v l. m j Zk e h ` g u c \ d m e v l m j I_ h\ b ^ b \ e _ l h f j _ ] m e y . gG m ` ^ Z _ l k y \ o h j h r _ f G_ . e j uc h k\_s_gb b K h klZ\ i h q\u h [uqg k khh lghr_gb_f i e h ^ h j h ^g h c qZklb1:1. i _kdZ . , uc b Abfhc kh ^_ j `Zl i8­ 10 ° K jb . 108. Melocactus bachiensis (Britt . Hib kZgb _ . Kl_[_ev k_jh\ Zlh i jbie xkg m l, u^ h 10 k f \ uk h l c P_gljZevgu_ dhexqdb) hd (1--4 et Rose) Werd. a_e_gh]h , p\ _lZ b^gu c k h \j _f_g _ f ke_] dZ rZj h\ , hc bk f \ ^ b Z f _l .j _ J_ [j Z (10--12) o h j h rh \ u jZ `_gg u_ 15 . h e hk f ^ e b g .h J Z ^ b Z e v g u _ d h e(7--10) h d h e hk f 3 c xqdb 3


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111. Neochilenia sp. [Eriosyce] Hib kZgb _ . Ij_^klZ\ bl _ev j h ^Z gZkqb lu\Zxs _]h \b ^ h \ . Kl_[eb r Zj h \b ^g u_ beb , 35 pb ebg ^jbq_kdb_^ h 25 kf \ ukh lhc , . OZjZdl_jg Z g _ h [uqg Zy h djZkdZ : h b^_jf bkZ wi l i _ i _ e v g h c b h e b \ d h \ h a _ e _ g h c ^ h n b h e _ l .h < \ b ^ uq _ j g hhcq b e _ g b, cj Z k l m s b _ g Z h g_ ih [_j_`v _ , [he__ dj m ig ,u_k oh j hrh \u jZ `_g gufb j _[jZfb b ^ebg gufb dh .exqdZfb M [h evrb gkl \Z \ b^ h \ Zj_h e u m ^ebgk \hc e h qguf hi m r_g b_f , _gg u_ . JZ^bZe vg u_ d h exqdb (5--14) h l k _ j u o b d h j b q g _ \ u o ^ h q _,j gh 1 k f ^ e b g .h P _ g l j Z e v g u _ d h e x q d b m ^ uo c [ h e v r b g k l \ Z \ b ^ h \ h l k m .l k l hmgxbl m \ b ^ j h \ k l m s b o g Z i h [, _ j q _ Z s_ _ D\ j ,Z `v j_ih \b^gu _ . P\_l db k e Zgp _lh\b^g ufb e_i_kldZfb h l [_euo ^h j h ah\u-o b h jZg`_\h djZkguo , 3--7 kf \ ^bZf_lj_ Ie h ^u dhjb qg_ \h djZkgu_ . . : j_Ze ­ Qbeb . D m e v l. m j Zh q b e _ g b b o h j h r h j Z a \ b \ Z x l k y i j b m f _ j _ g g h f . hI k \ esb g b bl h f G_ h _ _ \ e_ j_] m eyjgu cI h q\Z k khhl ghr_gb_f i e h ^ h j h ^gh c qZklb b Abfhc k h ^_j`Zl ijb . 1:1. i_kdZ 8--10 ° K . 112. Pseudolobivia kermsina Krainz. [Echinopsis] HibkZg b_ . Kl_[_ev yjdh a_e_gu c , [e_klysbc , rZjh\ b^guc 10--15 k f \ ^bZf_lj_ , . <_jo m rdZ \^Z\e_g gZy . J_[jZ (15--23) h djm ]euk rbjhdb fb [m ]h .jdZfb ,_ P_gljZevgu _ d h e x q d(4--6) ^ h 2 k f ^ e b g .h J Z ^ b Z e v g u _ d h e(11d b 6) ^ h 1 k f ^ e b g .h < c _ b c x q --1 k dh exqdb `_kl db_ klju._ Fhe h ^u_ d h exqdb j u` _\Zlh `_el,u_ h \j_f _g_f k_j u_ . ,h k P\_ldb12--18 kf ^ ebg hc b h10 kf \ ^ bZ f _ l ,j _ dZ j fb ggh dj Z . P ul_ hq g Z y l j m [ dZ dheh kg \ _ ^ebgg Zyj_Ze ­ : j]_g lbg .Z .: D m e v l. m j Zi j b o h l e b \ u c .\ bI ^ j b i j Z \ b e v g h f m o h ^ _ p \ _ l _ l j _ ] m e y_ lj g h G_ . E hf kh ^_j`b lky ij b m f_j_g gh f k h eg_qgh f h k\_s _gbbb\ j _]m eyjg uc b h [bev guc . Ihe . K h klZ\ ih q \u h [uqguc k khh lg h r_gb_f i e h ^ h j h ^g h c qZklb1:1. i _kdZ __ p \_l _gb_ , b O h j hr ^hklb] Z_l ky i jh oe Z ^ hc a b fh 8--10 °i K \dhc j. b

: PRESSI ( HERSON )


113. Setiechinopsis mirabilis (Speg.) De Haas. [Echinopsis] H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v d h j b q g _ \ h a _ e _ ,g p b e b g ^ j b q _ k d ,b ^ c 15 k f \ u k h l h 2 k f \ .K uc h cb ^bZf_lj_ . J _ [j Z (11--12) gb adb:_ j_ h e u f _ed b, _ d jm ]eu k [ _eh \Z l h k _ j u f \ hce.h dhf . ,_ P_gljZev gZy dhexqdZh lh ^gZ , l_ fgh k_jh]h ^h q_jgh dh j bqg_\h]h, 1p\_lZ kf --1,5 ^ebg h. cJZ^bZe vg u_ d h exqdb [_eh\lhg db_ijy fu_ .

117. Pyrrhocactus floccosus f. Backbg. [Eriosyce] H i b k Z g b _ l _ [ _ e v h d j m ] e u c ^ h \ u l y g Z ll h \ ] h l _ f g h a _ e _ .g J _ [ j Z (15--17), .K , fm h h uc ih qlb i jyfu_ ke_] dZ [m ]h jqZlu _ eu [h e vrb_k_ju_ . P_gljZevg uo dhe 3--7, , . : j_h , xq_d ^h 1,5 kf ^ebgh JZ^bZe vguo dh exq_d .
:\l hj : D h g k l Z g l b g K f b j g h \ Ba^Zl_evkl:\h P_g ljih eb]jZn ISBN: 978-5-9524-3744-9 =h :^ 2008 K l j Z g b: p 192

: PRESSI ( HERSON )