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Manual No. 91000058-003 Revision A October 1, 2001

The MegaPlusÁ Model 4.2i Camera User's Manual

Redlake MASD, Inc. 11633 Sorrento Valley Road San Diego, California 92121-1097 Telephone: 800-854-7006 (USA and Canada only) Fax: 858-481-6254. Outside the USA: 858 481-8182 Internet: www.redlake.com


REDLAKE MASD, INC. List of Manual Revisions
User's Manual ­ Model 4.2i, Part Number 91000058-003 Revision A Date 10-01-01 EO No. Notes Reissued to reflect Redlake MASD, Inc. change and general editorial changes.

RELATED DOCUMENTS
MegaPlus Remote Control Panel User's Manual, Part Number 91000055-001

FCC DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Subpart B of Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy, and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures: · Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. · Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver. · Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected. · Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help. This equipment has been certified to comply with the limits for a Class A computing device, pursuant to FCC rules. In order to maintain compliance with FCC regulations, shielded cables must be used with this equipment. Operation with non-approved equipment or unshielded cables is likely to result in interference to radio and TV reception. The user is cautioned that changes and modifications made to the equipment without the approval of the manufacturer could void the user's authority to operate this equipment.

Copyright Ö 2001 Redlake MASD, Inc. The information in this manual is for information purposes only and is subject to change without notice. Redlake MASD, Inc. makes no warranty of any kind with regards to the information contained in this manual, including but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. Redlake MASD, Inc. shall not be liable for errors contained herein nor for incidental or consequential damages from the furnishing of this information. No part of this manual may be copied, reproduced, recorded, transmitted or translated without the express written permission of the Redlake MASD, Inc.

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PRECAUTIONS
WARNING!
LIFE SUPPORT APPLICATIONS POLICY MegaPlus cameras are not authorized for and should not be used within life support systems without the specific written consent of Redlake MASD, Inc. NON-CRITICAL MEDICAL APPLICATIONS MegaPlus cameras must be grounded to building earth ground while operating. This camera has passed IEC 601 class B standards. The voltage drop on the camera's power return line must be less than 0.5 Volts DC. Use a heavier gauge power cable to reduce the voltage drop below 0.5 Volts DC. For medical applications, any power supply connected to the camera must meet IEC 601 specifications.

CAUTION: A laser beam focused on the sensor, either directly or by reflection, can cause
permanent damage to the sensor. Any laser powerful enough to produce localized heating at the surface of the sensor will cause damage, even if the camera power is off. A sensor damaged by laser light is NOT covered by the warranty.

OPERATING TEMPERATURE
The MegaPlus camera is designed to operate satisfactorily in an environment where the ambient temperature is between 0° and 35°C (32° and 95°F), with no water condensation present.

STORAGE TEMPERATURE
Do not store the equipment in an area where the temperature will drop below ­25°C (-13°F) or exceed 80°C (176°F). Do not allow moisture to condense on the system.

SHIPPING
W hen shipping, use a carton that protects the camera from shock and moisture, similar to the carton in which the unit was originally delivered. Do not ship the equipment in a cargo area where the temperature will drop below -25°C (-13°F) or exceed 80°C (176°F). Do not allow moisture to condense on the system.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 1-1 Introduction..................................................................................................................... 1-1 How to Use This Manual ................................................................................................ 1-1 2. CONTROLS AND CONNECTORS ................................................................................... 2-1 2.1 Camera........................................................................................................................... 2-1 2.1.1 Mounting the Camera ............................................................................................. 2-1 2.1.2 Attaching the Lens .................................................................................................. 2-1 2.2 Camera Rear Panel ....................................................................................................... 2-2 2.2.1 Digital Interface ....................................................................................................... 2-2 2.2.2 Strobe Output .......................................................................................................... 2-2 2.2.3 DC Power Input ....................................................................................................... 2-2 2.3 Cables ............................................................................................................................ 2-3 2.4 Hardware Setup ............................................................................................................. 2-4 2.5 Routine Maintenance ..................................................................................................... 2-5 3. CAMERA OPERATION ..................................................................................................... 3-1 3.1 Introduction..................................................................................................................... 3-1 3.2 Serial Communications Protocol .................................................................................... 3-1 3.3 Error Messages .............................................................................................................. 3-1 3.4 Mode Control .................................................................................................................. 3-1 3.4.1 Trigger ..................................................................................................................... 3-2 3.4.2 Continuous .............................................................................................................. 3-2 3.4.3 Control .................................................................................................................... 3-2 3.4.4 Parallel Interface ..................................................................................................... 3-2 3.5 Shutter ............................................................................................................................ 3-3 3.6 Exposure ........................................................................................................................3-4 3.7 Trigger ............................................................................................................................ 3-5 3.8 Gain ................................................................................................................................ 3-6 3.9 Black Level .....................................................................................................................3-6 3.10 Strobe Polarity ............................................................................................................ 3-7 3.11 Defect Correction ........................................................................................................ 3-7 3.12 Reset .......................................................................................................................... 3-7 3.13 Save............................................................................................................................3-8 3.14 Status Query ............................................................................................................... 3-8 3.15 Identification Query..................................................................................................... 3-8 3.16 Display W edge ........................................................................................................... 3-9 4. INTERFACE SPECIFICATIONS ....................................................................................... 4-1 4.1 Introduction..................................................................................................................... 4-1 4.2 Digital Video Connector ................................................................................................. 4-1 4.3 Digital Video Outputs ..................................................................................................... 4-1 4.4 Timing Outputs ............................................................................................................... 4-1 4.5 Control Inputs ................................................................................................................. 4-2 4.6 Mode Control Lines ........................................................................................................ 4-2 4.7 Sensor Specifications ..................................................................................................... 4-9 4.8 Frame Rate Data .......................................................................................................... 4-10 4.8.1 Frame Rates ......................................................................................................... 4-10 4.8.2 Frame Transfer Time ............................................................................................ 4-10 4.8.3 Frame Repetition Rate .......................................................................................... 4-10 4.9 Timing W aveforms ....................................................................................................... 4-11 4.9.1 Exposure Timing ................................................................................................... 4-11 4.9.2 Frame Timing ........................................................................................................ 4-12 4.9.3 Line Enable ........................................................................................................... 4-13 4.9.4 Pixel Timing .......................................................................................................... 4-13 4.10 Specifications ........................................................................................................... 4-14 1.1 1.2

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4.10.1 4.10.2 4.10.3 4.10.4 Video Performance ............................................................................................... Camera Mechanical .............................................................................................. Temperature ......................................................................................................... Humidity ................................................................................................................ 4-14 4-14 4-14 4-14

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure 2-1. Camera Body ............................................................................................................. 2-1 2-2. C-Mount Lens Length Limit ........................................................................................ 2-1 2-3. 4.2i Rear Panel .......................................................................................................... 2-2 2-4. 4.2i Cable Types ........................................................................................................ 2-3 2-5. Component Connection Diagram ............................................................................... 2-4 3-1. W edge Display ........................................................................................................... 3-9 4-1. Digital Interface Connector......................................................................................... 4-3 4-2. 68-Pin Digital Interface Cable .................................................................................... 4-4 4-3. 37-Pin Connector ....................................................................................................... 4-5 4-4. 9-Pin Connector ......................................................................................................... 4-5 4-5. 9-Pin PC COM Port/37-Pin Frame Grabber Cable .................................................... 4-6 4-6. 68-Pin Frame Grabber Connector ............................................................................. 4-7 4-7. 9-Pin PC COM Port/68-Pin (and 37-Pin) Frame Grabber Cable ............................... 4-8 4-8. Sensor Organization .................................................................................................. 4-9 4-9. Exposure Timing Waveform ...................................................................................... 4-11 4-10. Frame Timing (Continuous Mode) Waveform ........................................................ 4-12 4-11. Line Timing Waveform ............................................................................................ 4-13 4-12. Pixel Clock Timing .................................................................................................. 4-13

LIST OF TABLES
Table Table Table Table Table Table 4-1. 4-2. 4-3. 4-4. 4-5. 4-6. Mode Control Lines ...................................................................................................... Digital Interface Connector Pinout (On Rear of Camera) ............................................ 37-Pin Frame Grabber Cable Pinout ........................................................................... 9-Pin PC COM Port Cable Pinout ................................................................................ 68-Pin Frame Grabber Interface Cable Pinout ............................................................ Sensor Specifications .................................................................................................. 4-2 4-3 4-5 4-5 4-7 4-9

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1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction
The Redlake MASD, INC. MegaPlus Camera, Model 4.2i, is a high-resolution solid-state camera designed for scientific and industrial imaging applications. The system consists of a DC powered Camera Head with a 68 pin digital interface. There are no manual user controls on the camera, however the camera is operated by commands sent through a serial communication link. The Camera is configured with either an RS232 or RS422 serial communications command input. The operation of the MegaPlus Camera is very similar to the operation of a 35mm film camera. In a film camera, the film is exposed by opening the shutter for a specific amount of time. The shutter then closes and the film is advanced to the next frame. In the MegaPlus Camera, a builtin electromechanical shutter is used the same way. The shutter opens exposing the sensor, then closes while the image captured by the sensor is sent to a frame store device. The shutter in the MegaPlus Camera can be controlled internally or externally. The Camera features a high-resolution Charge-Coupled-Device (CCD) array containing 2029 (H) x 2044 (V) light sensitive elements (pixels). These pixels are 9.0 microns square and have a center-to-center spacing of 9.0 microns (100% fill ratio). The equal horizontal and vertical geometry simplify measurements taken with the camera. The benefit of having a 100% fill ratio is reduced aliasing, improved subpixel accuracy, and a 100% light sensitive area. The Camera has an eight or ten bit digital video output. Exposure is adjustable from 1 millisecond to 100 seconds in 1-millisecond increments using the internal exposure control. Exposure times from 1 millisecond to the longest time practical can be had by using an external exposure control signal. The camera can be triggered asynchronously to capture high-speed events. Separate exposure and readout cycles can be achieved by using a pulsed illumination light source such as a strobe. An external strobe flash unit can be synchronized through a BNC connector on the rear panel of the camera. This dramatically improves picture quality when the object being photographed is in motion. The MegaPlus Camera is ruggedly designed and can accommodate moderate amounts of shock and vibration. Gaskets protect the camera's interior components from dust, contaminants and EMI.

1.2 How to Use This Manual
WARNINGS, CAUTIONS and NOTES As you read this manual, you will notice that some of the information is presented as a W ARNING, CAUTION or NOTE. It is important that you understand the significance of these terms. A WARNING is important to the safety of anyone operating the Camera and should not be disregarded under any circumstances. A CAUTION is intended to alert you to an operation or condition that may cause loss of data or harm to your Camera. A NOTE contains information that is important to the operation of your Camera.

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Chapter 1 contains an introduction to the MegaPlus camera, an explanation of this manual, some general precautions, and a warranty statement. Chapter 2 explains the function of the controls and connectors of the MegaPlus Camera. Chapter 3 is intended to give the user some insight into how to choose the correct mode of operation for this MegaPlus camera. The correct mode of operation is defined as what will get the imaging results you are looking for. Chapter 4 details the specifications of the MegaPlus camera with the intent to give you all of the information you require when using this camera.

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NEW EQUIPMENT WARRANTY REDLAKE MASD, INC. MEGAPLUS CAMERA

REDLAKE MASD, INC. (HEREAFTER REFERRED TO AS REDLAKE) W ARRANTS THIS CAMERA, AND ACCESSORIES MANUFACTURED BY REDLAKE, TO FUNCTION PROPERLY FOR ONE YEAR FROM THE DATE OF SHIPMENT. Redlake agrees to perform the following equipment warranty services in the United States. 1. Repair service: if shipped to us, repairs will be made at no charge. 2. Parts replacement: replacement parts installed under warranty will be provided at no charge. THIS W ARRANTY DOES NOT APPLY TO THE FOLLOW ING CONDITIONS: · Failure to operate the MegaPlus Camera in accordance with Redlake's written instructions, including environmental specifications listed in the User's Manual. · Evidence of the Camera being subjected to accidental damage, misuse or abuse. · The Camera having been repaired or tampered with by persons other than Redlake personnel, customer personnel trained by Redlake or without permission of Redlake. · Shipping damage is not covered by this warranty. The purchaser has the responsibility to place a claim of damage in shipment with the carrier.

REDLAKE MASD, INC. MAKES NO OTHER W ARRANTIES, EXPRESSED, IMPLIED, OR OF MERCHANTABILITY FOR THIS EQUIPMENT. IF THIS CAMERA DOES NOT FUNCTION PROPERLY DURING THE W ARRANTY PERIOD, REDLAKE W ILL REPAIR IT W ITHOUT CHARGE ACCORDING TO THE TERMS STATED ABOVE. REPAIR W ITHOUT CHARGE IS REDLAKE'S ONLY OBLIGATION UNDER THIS W ARRANTY. REDLAKE W ILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM THE SALE, USE OR IMPROPER FUNCTIONING OF THIS EQUIPMENT EVEN IF LOSS OR DAMAGE IS CAUSED BY THE NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER FAULT OF REDLAKE.

REDLAKE and MEGAPLUS are trademarks. Ö Redlake MASD, Inc. 2001

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2. CONTROLS AND CONNECTORS
2.1 Camera
NOTE: A lens cap is installed on each camera to keep dust from getting on the optical sensor or components when it is shipped. Remove the lens cap and install your lens in a dust free environment.

2.1.1 Mounting the Camera
The MegaPlus Camera Head has four threaded screw holes for mounting, two on the bottom and two on the top of the camera body. All holes accept 1/4-20 threaded screws. In most situations the camera is attached to a tripod via the mounting point on the bottom of the Camera Head. It is a good practice to mount the camera head on the tripod before attaching a lens to the camera.

Figure 2-1. Camera Body

2.1.2 Attaching the Lens
The camera can be purchased with either a C-mount or F-mount lens adapter. If your camera is equipped with an F-mount lens adapter, insert the lens into the locking ring, then rotate the lens counterclockwise until it clicks into position. To remove the lens, hold the release button down as you rotate the lens clockwise. If your camera is equipped with a C-mount lens adapter, screw the lens clockwise into the adapter until you are no longer able to turn the lens with light pressure.

CAUTION: Some C-mount lenses may extend into the camera more than 0.20 inches
(5.08 mm), which may cause damage to internal optical components. Check the dimension of any lens you plan to use as shown in Figure 2-2.

Figure 2-2. C-Mount Lens Length Limit

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Figure 2-3. 4.2i Rear Panel

2.2 Camera Rear Panel
2.2.1 Digital Interface
This is a 68-pin, high density, dual row, D type connector that interfaces the MegaPlus Camera to a frame grabber board and serial communication interface for camera control. The frame grabber board processes and displays video from the camera. A complete technical description of the connector and the signals that it carries is contained in chapter four of this manual.

2.2.2 Strobe Output
The leading edge of this output signal can be used to fire a strobe light. This output signal is TTL compatible and can drive a 50-ohm load. A strobe light with a flash duration of less than 1 millisecond is useful for capturing images of fast moving objects.

2.2.3 DC Power Input
This two-pin connector is the power input for the camera. The power supply voltage should be between 12 and 28 volts DC measured at the connector on the camera rear panel. The current draw is a maximum of 0.8 amps at the lowest input supply voltage and 0.3 amps at the highest input supply voltage.

WARNING!
Reversing the polarity of the DC voltage input or voltage levels in excess of 30 volts may permanently damage the camera

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MegaPlus® Model 4.2i 2.3 Cables
There are three different cables available to connect the MegaPlus Camera to your computer, as shown in Figure 2-4 below.

Figure 2-4. 4.2i Cable Types

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REDLAKE MASD, INC. 2.4 Hardware Setup
Follow the instructions supplied by the frame grabber manufacturer when you are using their cables to install your camera. If using Redlake supplied cables, connect the camera as shown in Figure 2-5 below.

Figure 2-5. Component Connection Diagram

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MegaPlus® Model 4.2i 2.5 Routine Maintenance
There are no user serviceable parts in the camera. Should the shutter malfunction, the camera must be returned to the factory for repair. The lens should be cleaned according to good photographic practices. This will help keep your camera producing top quality pictures. The camera can be ordered from the factory with an infrared filter installed in the lens mount. If an infrared filter was not ordered originally, a piece of clear glass will be installed in place of the filter. The filter or its glass replacement keep the interior of the camera sealed from dust and should never be removed in other than a clean room environment. Because of the high resolution of the camera, a single speck of dust on the sensor is very noticeable. If you need to use different filters in your application from time to time, we recommend that you order the camera with the clear glass installed. The spectral sensitivity can then be changed by exchanging filters on the end of the lens as in 35mm photography.

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3. CAMERA OPERATION
3.1 Introduction
The MegaPlus Camera, Model 4.2i does not have any manual controls. Camera operation is accomplished by commands sent to the camera through a serial data link from a personal computer. In this chapter we will present the various operating modes of the camera with an explanation of the function followed by the command sequence that must be transmitted by the computer. The control lines to the camera can be configured as an RS232 or an RS422 serial data link. The camera is ordered from the factory configured one way or the other. The command syntax is the same in either case.

3.2 Serial Communications Protocol
The camera uses a full duplex UART type asynchronous system, using standard nonreturn-tozero (NRZ) format (one start bit, eight data bits, one stop bit, no parity). The baud rate is fixed at 9600. The character code is based on the ASCII standard. The character flow control protocol is XON/XOFF. XON is assigned DC1 (control-Q) and XOFF is assigned DC3 (control-S). The receiver sends the XOFF character when it wants the sender to pause in sending data and an XON character when it wants the sender to resume. The camera will recognize a command as three command characters, followed by a space bar character, followed by an argument that consists of one or more characters, ended by the carriage return and line feed characters. The camera responds to a valid command with a carriage return and line feed (CR-LF). The camera will recognize a query as three command characters, followed by the question mark character, then ended by the carriage return character. The camera responds to a query with three command characters, followed by a space bar character, followed by an argument that consists of one or more characters, then ended by carriage return character and line feed (CR-LF).

3.3 Error Messages
The camera can respond to an erroneous command or query in one of three possible ways. MESSAGE FROM CAMERA ERROR-SYNTAX ERROR-ARGUMENT OUT OF RANGE ERROR-TRANSMISSION EXPLANATION The camera cannot make sense of the command. The command is recognized, but the argument is out of range or indecipherable. The receiver detected a transmission error such as buffer overflow, parity, noise, or framing

3.4 Mode Control
The MegaPlus Camera operates in one CONTROL. The mode of operation is s fourth option, PARALLEL INTERFACE, MC2, input through the Digital Interface of three modes, TRIGGER, CONTINUOUS, or elected by the mode command. The mode command's delegates mode selection to three control lines, MC0 Connector

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3.4.1 Trigger
Each exposure is started by a signal connected to the EXPOSE input pins of the "Digital Interface" connector on the rear panel of the camera. The exposure command sets the exposure time and, indirectly, the frame rate. The EXPOSE input sets the start time for each frame of video. W hen the trigger signal lasts longer than the combined exposure and readout time, the camera will continue to take exposures until the trigger signal goes away. The trigger mode of operation is used to capture a single picture or sequence of pictures. If the object that you are trying to capture is fast moving, a strobe light may be used to freeze the action. The short flash duration (sometimes less than 50 microseconds) of a strobe is the key to minimizing blur caused by speedy subjects. The Strobe Output on the rear panel of the camera can be used to start the strobe flash.

3.4.2 Continuous
The continuous mode of operation is useful when the operator wishes to monitor an ongoing event. The camera will repeatedly take pictures as fast as the exposure time selected allows. The exposure command sets the exposure time and, indirectly, the frame rate. Each new exposure starts as soon as the previous image has been transferred to the camera output by the camera electronics.

3.4.3 Control
The start and exposure time of each picture is controlled directly by the user. Control is accomplished by the EXPOSE input pins in the "Digital Interface" connector on the rear panel of the camera. The exposure time is equal to the time the EXPOSE input signal is true.

3.4.4 Parallel Interface
This option provides compatibility with previous models of the MegaPlus Camera. This mode enables limited camera control by a frame grabber board installed in a host computer. W hen the mode is set to Parallel Interface, the state of the control lines MC0, MC1, and MC2 determines the operating mode of the Camera. See page 4.2 for details on control lines MC0 - MC2. TYPE IN: MDE xx MDE? MDE xx Sample commands with arguments: MD MD MD MD E E E E TR CS CD PI Sets the mode to TRIGGER. Sets the mode to CONTINUOUS. Sets the mode to CONTROLLED. Delegates mode control to Control Lines MC0 ­ MC2. RESPONSE CR-LF EXPLANATION Sets the mode as determined by the argument TR, CS, DC, PI. Queries the current mode setting. Means the mode is set as indicated.

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MegaPlus® Model 4.2i 3.5 Shutter
The MegaPlus Camera may be operated with the shutter shutter blades can be locked open or closed. The shutter the CONTINUOUS, CONTROL and TRIGGER modes of LINE operation, the shutter is controlled by the command on or off. W hen the shutter is off, the is controlled by the SHE command in operation. W hen the camera is set to line MC2.

W hen the shutter is on, the exposure time is set by the exposure command for both the CONTINUOUS and TRIGG