Arp 82's second wind
Interacting galaxies Arp 82 experience a second wave of star formation.
Provided by East Tennessee State University, Johnson City
Published: Wednesday, January 31, 2007
January 31, 2007
A pair of interacting galaxies might be experiencing the galactic equivalent of a mid-life crisis. For some reason, the pair, called Arp 82, didn't make their stars early on as is typical of most galaxies. Instead, they got a second wind later in life — about 2 billion years ago — and started pumping out waves of new stars as if they were young again.
The new observations are from NASA's Galaxy Evolution Explorer, NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope and the Southeastern Association for Research in Astronomy Observatory at Kitt Peak, Arizona.
Arp 82 is an interacting pair of galaxies with a strong bridge and a long tail. NGC 2535 is the big galaxy and NGC 2536 is its smaller companion. The disk of the main galaxy looks like an eye, with a bright "pupil" in the center and oval-shaped "eyelids." Dramatic "beads on a string" features are visible as chains of evenly spaced star-formation complexes along the eyelids. These are presumably the result of large-scale gaseous shocks from a grazing encounter. The colors of this galaxy indicate that the observed stars are young to intermediate in age, around 2 million to 2 billion years old, much less than the age of the universe (13.7 billion years).
The pair first burst with new star formation about 2 billion years ago after swinging by each other. A second close passage more recently resulted in yet another batch of star formation.
But why didn't Arp 82 form many stars earlier, like most galaxies of that mass range? Scientifically, it is an oddball and provides a relatively nearby lab for studying the age of intermediate-mass galaxies.
In more popular terms, think of this as an example of arrested development. For some reason, it took a kick-in-the-pants to get the stars forming recently, whereas most other galaxies of that mass range formed their stars much earlier (between 4 and 8 billion years ago).
A journal article with a detailed analysis of these data has been accepted by the Astronomical Journal . This research has been sponsored by NASA.