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A

Bibliography

This appendix (AppendixA) contains the bibliographic references list arranged on the atomic processes and on the elements. The gzipped .dvi file (appb-n.dvi.gz) of the APPENDIX can be found at A.F.Kholtygin's WWW home page:

http://www.aispbu.spb.su/staff/afk/afk.html) via hypertext reference AtDatCent/Contents.html.

B

Atomic catalogue and databases

This appendix (appendixB) contains the short atomic data sorces and databases guide. The gzipped .dvi file (appb-n.dvi.gz) of the APPENDIX can be found at A.F.Kholtygin's WWW home page:

http://www.aispbu.spb.su/staff/afk/afk.html) via hypertext reference AtDatCent/Contents.html.

A lot of atomic data needed can b e extracted from the databases and catalogues of atomic data. The most known of them are reviewed in this app endix. A sp ecial attention is drawn to the AMDIS atomic database and VALD atomic database. Moreover, there exists a lot of collections of atomic data, do not included in the regular journals. They are the lab oratory and agency rep orts, workshop proceedings, newsletter, etc. which can b e referred as miscellaneous atomic data sources. They are also named by Smith (1992) as a "grey literature". Such sources are also shortly reviewed.

B.1

Catalogues of atomic data and bibliographical sources

For half a century, the main source on atomic data was the USA National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) formerly named as the National Bureau of Standards (NBS). The most well known editions of NIST (NBS) are Charlotte Moore level and multiplet tables cited by Johansson & Cowley (1988), Wiese (1992a, b) and Martin (1992). Current NIST atomic data are collected in two Data Centers. First one is the Atomic Energy Levels Center directed by W.C.Martin. They prepare atomic data bibliographical files including critically evaluated and compiled data on atomic energy levels and wavelengths, ionization p otentials and related values. The NIST Data Centers on Atomic Transition Probabilities and Line Shap es leaded by W.L.Wiese compile and critically evaluate data on transition probabilities and radiative lifetimes and the shap e parameters of their lines. Access to the NIST atomic database where these files can b e found are describ ed in the next section. Some recent contributions from the NIST Data Centers are published in J.Phys.Chem.Ref.Data reviewed by Wiese (1992a,b) and Nartin(1992). The commission 14 (atomic and Molecular Data) of the International Astronomical Union (IAU) compile the triґnnial rep orts including references to sp ectroscopic data in the next fields: Atomic e Sp ectra and Wavelength Standard, Transition Probabilities, Collision Processes, Line Broadening, Molecular structure and Sp ectra (see e.g., Sahal-Brechot 1991). A lot of calculations of atomic data have b een p erformed in Vilnius, most of this calculations are cited in Rudzikas et al. (1990)see, also, review Rudzikas and Bogdanovich (1994).

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B.2

Atomic Databases

Until recently and even now most of the atomic data used by astronomers, physics and astrophysics have b een taken from printed sources. Last years, some of the atomic data used by astronomers and physicists have b ecome to b e available electronically. There are a large numb er of atomic databases can b e extracted using FTP (file transfer protocol) or can b e reached with URL (uniform resource locator). Others, e.g. TOPBASE, atomic database of the Opacity pro ject, require registration and/or use of a sp ecialized database management system. To facilitate for readers an orientation in the bulk of the existing atomic databases we list them in Table B1, compiled mainly from pap ers Ralchenko (1996), Smith et. al., 1996 and compilation by Nave (1994). A p ermanently up dated hyp ertext list of atomic data and databases on the Internet can b e found at the URL http://plasma-gate.weizmann.ac.il/DBfAPP.html. In the Table B2 one can find how the ab ove mention databases can b e accessed. Below we also present the detail description some of the atomic database mentioned. B.2.1 VALD: The Vienna Atomic Line Data Base

The "The Vienna Atomic Line Data Base" (VALD) consists of a set of critically evaluated lists of astrophysically imp ortant atomic transition parameters and supp orting extraction software. Lines of the neutral atoms and selected first ions of elements from H to U are included in the Data Base. VALD contains ab out 600 000 entries and is one of the largest collections of accurate and homogeneous data It also includes sp ecific tools for extracting data for sp ectrum synthesis and model atmosphere calculations. The data base is presently restricted to sp ectral lines which are relevant for stars the LTE approximation is sufficient and molecular lines do not have to b e taken into account. The structure of VALD, the available data sets and sp ecific retrieval tools are describ ed in pap er by Piskunov et al. (1995). The created e-mail interface (VALD-EMS) allows remote access to VALD by external users. The first step is to register in the list of VALD clients, which contains INTERNET e-mail addresses from where VALD-EMS request will b e accepted. To do so, send an e-mail message to the VALD manager at the address: VALDADM@GALILEO.AST.UNIVE.AC.AT with your full name and your email address. The detail descriptions of the typical VALD-EMS requests can also b e found in pap er Piskunov et al (1995) B.2.2 Atomic and Molecular Data Information System

AMDIS, the Atomic and Molecular Data Information System, currently contains atomic and molecular collision and particle-surface interaction data is located at the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Vienna, Austria. The AMDIS consists of next databases: The ALADDIN, A Lab elled Atomic Data Interface, is the system adopted by the IAEA for exchange of data since 1988 (Hulse 1990). The system is available on-line on INTERNET. The IP address is: rip crs01.iaea.or.at (161.5.74.1) To access it, telnet to this address and login using: user id: aladdin , password: aladdin. The non-registered users may work with userid guest but may not save the search results into a file. In order to b ecome a registered user one can send an e-mail to psm@rip crs01.iaea.or.at The ALLADIN is also available as a set of FORTRAN77 codes and data files which can b e downloaded from anonymous FTP-site at ftp://rip crs01.iaea.or.at. Any comments and/or suggestions are very welcome.

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Table B1

ATOMIC DATABASES
NAME ADA : Atomic Data for Astrophysics ADRAL : Atomic Data for Resonance Absorption lines ATOM PHTI : Atomic Photoionization Database ATOM VNIFTRI : Atomic Data Database BIBL : Spectral Bibliography Database CCP7 : CCP7 Data Library CDS : CfAD: Harvard-Smitsonian Center for Astrophysics Databases DASGAL: Bibliography Database on Atomic Line Shapes and Shifts GAPHYOR: GAPHYOR Data Centre IAEA AMDIS: IAEA Atomic and Molecular Data Information System LLNL EPAS: Elastic-PhotonATOM Scattering Database NIFS: Database NIST ASD: Atomic Spectroscopy Database NIST ATPBD: Atomic Transition Probability Bibliographic Database TOPbase: Opacity Pro ject Database TRINITI: CFADC: ORNL Controlled Fusion Atomic Data Center DataBases SAM: Systematic, Accurate, Multiconf. Calculations Pro ject Data UUD: Uppsala University Databases VALD: Vienna Atomic Line Database Notes to atomic parameters and processes: Bibl: AAA - bibliography for data marked AAA; CT - Charge transfer; EL - energy levels; ElEx - electron impact excitation; ElIon - electron impact ionization; DR - dielectronic recombination; HP - heavy-particles interaction; Hfs - hyperfine structure parameters; LSSH - line shapes and line shifts; MSCD - miscellaneous spectroscopic and collision data; OS - Oscillator strengths; PHI - photoionization cross sections; SF - scattering factors; TP - transition probabilities; WL - wavelengths Location University of Kentucky Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics St.Petersburg Phys. Techn. Institute any kind of PC Radio Measurements, Mendeleevo Institute of Spectroscopy, Troitsk University of St.Andrews Centre de Donnґ ees Astronomiques de Strasbourg Harvard Observatory of Paris-Meudon Centre de Donnґ , ees Orsay Intern. Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory National Institute for Fusion Science NASA Astroph. Data System NASA Astroph. Data System Centre de Donnґ ees Astronomiques de Strasbourg No information Oak Ridge National Laboratory NASA Uppsala University Institute fur Ё Astronomie,Vienna Country USA Canada Russia Many Russia U.K. France U.S.A. France France Austria U.S.A. Japan U.S.A. U.S.A. France Russia U.S.A. U.S.A. Sweden Austria Types of Data MSCD WL, TP, OS, damping constants PHI DR, ElEx. ElIon Bibl: MSCD EL, WL MSCD EL, OS, TP, WL Bibl: LS, SH Bibl: MSCD ElEx, ElIon, CT, HP, Bibl SF ElEx, ElIon, CT, HP EL, OS, TP, WL Bibl: OS, TP EL, OS, TP, PHI, WL ElEx Bibl:MSCD EL,OS,TP,HfS OS, SF, WL EL, OS, TP

-ALADDIN (format and interface program) - recommended and evaluated data, - AMBDS - Atomic and Molecular Bibliographical Data Retrieval System containing over 35000 references on atomic, molecular and plasma-material interaction data of interest to fusion, - AMBB - Electronic Bulletin Board with Atomic and Molecular related news.

B.3

Miscellaneous atomic data sources

This part of the work is based mainly on the review of Smith (1992). Many useful information can b e also extracted from review of C.Mendoza (1986). 3


B.3.1

Lab oratory, agency and society rep orts

The international Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in Vienna published the International Bul letin on Atomic and Molecular Data for Fusion. The bulletin presents a comprehensive compilation of references to pap ers on atomic (and molecular) structure, sp ectra and collisions (many of these references are included in App endix B). There were quarterly issues of Bulletin until 1988, semiannual ones until no 41 in 1990, and a hiatus will end with publication Nos. 42-45. Last issue that authors have seen is No. 49 (June 1995). The editor of Bulletin is J.Botero, who can b e reached by e-mail RNDS@IAEA1.BITNET. Japan institute for Plasma physics (it is now National Institute for Fusion Science) produced more then a hundred compilations of atomic data for fusion research in the IPPJ-AM series (1977-1988) and the issue has b een continued by the NIFS-DATA series. The current editor of these series is Hiro Tawara, who can b e contacted via e-mail TAWARA@NIFS.AC.JP. Some of the IPPJ and NIFS rep orts have also b een published in J.Phys.Chem.Ref.Data. Atomic data compilations produced by Japan Atomic Energy Institute (JAERI) mostly are published in J.Phys.Chem.Ref.Data too. The current editor is T.Shirai having e-mail J3323@JPNJAERI. GAYPHOR GAYPHOR (Gas-PHYsics-ORsay) database at Centre de Donnґes, Orsay, France maine tains the bibliographicl data includes references to prop erties of neutral and ionized atoms (and molecules) and to parameters for electron and proton collision processes. The quests for exp ert's rep orts can also b e sent by e-mail to gaphyor@lpgp.u-psud.fr but this service is not free of charge. B.3.2 Newsletters and Pro ceedings from Symp osia and Workshops

Collab orative Computational Pro ject No. 7 (CCP7) supp orted by the Science and Engineering Research Council (SERC) of the U.K. produces the Newsletter on Analysis of Astronomical Spectra, which includes data or other information useful in modelling stellar sp ectra. The issue No. 17 contains a review of plasma diagnostic methods using line intensity ratios, useful summary of the most reliable atomic data, a bibliography of Opacity Pro ject and a review od Stark broadening data. The current editor is C.S.Jeffery, who can b e contacted by e-mail CJS@ST-AND.AC.UK. Collab orative Computational Pro ject No. 2 (CCP2) on the Continuum States of Atoms and Molecules and on Applications to Solar Physics and Astrophysics publishes the Information Quarterly for Atomic Processses and Applications. Current editors are W.Eissner from Queen's University in Belfast (e-mail AMG0400@VAX1.APP-MATHS.QUEENS-BELFAST.AC.UK ({capital letters are mandatory}) and C.J.Noble from Daresbury Lab oratory , e-mail CJN@CXA.DL.AC.UK. CCP2 and other agencies sp onsored international workshops on atomic data for fusion and astrophysics. They are partly resulted in a rep ort on recommended data (Aggarwal et al. 1985) and were stored in the Queen's University / Daresbury Lab oratory Atomic Data Bank directed by K.A.Berrington (e-mail AMG0016@VAX1.APP-MATHS.QUEENS-BELFAST.AC.UK A lot of useful information can b e extracted from the proceedings of a meetings on Atomic Sp ectra and Oscillator Strengths for Astrophysical and Lab oratory plasmas, the last and 5th in a series was held in Meudon, France, August 28-31, 1995 (Tchang-Brillet et al. 1996).

References
[1] Aggarwal K., Berrington K., Eisner W., Kingston A., 1985, Recomended Data from the Daresbury Atomic Data Workshop (Daresbury: SERC Daresbury laboratory) [2] Canto W., Mendoza C., Oshenb ein F., Ziepp en C.J. 1993, Astron. Astrophys., 275, L5.

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[3] Johanson S., Cowley C.R., 1988, J. Opt. Soc. Am., B 5, 2264 [4] Hulse R.A., 1990, in Atomic Processes in Plasmas, AIP Conf. Proc., 206, 63 [5] Martin W.C. 1992, in Atomic and Molecular Data for Space Astronomy: Needs, Analysis and Availability, eds. P.L.Smith, W.L.Wiese, Berlin, Springer-Verlag, p. 121 [6] Mendoza C. 1986, Publ. Astron. Soc. Pacif. , 96, 999 [7] Nave G. Databases and Compilations of Atomic Data of Relevance to Astrophysics: at the URL http: //cfa-www.harvard.edu/amp/data/g nave.html [8] Piskunov N.E., Kupka F., Ryab chikova T.A., Weiss W.W., tron.Astroph.Suppl.Ser., 275, 525 [9] Ralchenko Y.V. 1996, Preprint WIS-96/4/Jan-PH. [10] Rudzikas Z.B., Nikitin A.A., Kholtygin A.F. 1990. Theoretical Atomic Sp ectroscopy (in Russian). Leningrad, Izd. Lgu. [11] Rudzikas Z., Bogdanovich. P., Baltic Astron., 3, 131 [12] Sahal-Brechot S. 1991, in Reports on Astromomy, XXA, 105 [13] Smith P.L. Proceedings of the First Symposium on Nuclear Physics in the Universe, Oak Ridge, TN, September 1992, 387 [14] Smith P.L., Esmond J.R., Heise C., Kurucz R.L., 1996, in: Proceedings of the 5th International Col loquim on Atomic Spectra and Oscil lator Strengths for Astrophysical and Laboratory Plasmas, Meudon, France, August 28-31. [15] Tchang-Brillet W.-U.L., Wyart J.-F., Zeipp en C.J., eds, 1996, Proceedings of col loquium on Atomic Spectra and Oscil lator Strengths for Astrophysical and Laboratory plasmas, Meudon, France, August 28-31, Observatory (Publications de l'Observatoire de Paris). In Press. [16] Wiese W.L. 1992a, Sp ectroscopic data for fusion edge plasmas, Atomic and plasma-material interaction data for fusion- Vol. 2 (Supplement to Nuclear Fusion) ed. R.K.Janev., Vienna, IAEA, p. 7 [17] Wiese W.L. 1992b, Sp ectroscopic reference data, in Inductively Coupled Plasmas in Analytical Atomic Spectroscopy 2nd ed., eds. A.Montaser, D.W.Colighty, N.Y., p. 451. Jeffery C.S. 1995, As-

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Table B2

ACCESS TO ATOMIC DATABASES
NAME ADA ADRAL ATOM VNIFTRI BIBL CCP7 CDS DASGAL CfAD GAPHYOR IAEA AMDIS LLNL EPAS NIFS NIST ASD NIST ATPBD TOPbase: CFADC SAM TRINITI UUD VALD Contact D.Verner D.C.Morton I.Skobelev,A.Faenov A.N.Ryabtsev C.S.Jeffery A.Lesage P.L.Smith J.L.Delcroix R.K.Janev L.Kyssel H.Tawara D.Kelleher A.Musgrove P.J.Mohr J.Fuhr C.Mendoza Access www: http://www.pa.uky.edu/~erner/atom.html v ~ www: http://www.dao.nrc.ca/dcm/atomic data.html e-mail: faenov@glas.apc.org www: http://plasma-gate.weizmann.ac.il/bibl.html ftp: ftp://ccp7.st-and.ac.uk/ccp7/ www: http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cats/VI.html www: http://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cats/J.html www: http://www.obspm.fr/department/dasgal/lesage/ www: http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/amp/data/amdata.html e-mail: plsmith@cfa.harvard.edu www: http://gaphyor.lpgp.u-psud.fr/ e-mail: gaphyor@lpgp.u-psud.fr telnet: aladdin@.ripcrs01.iaea.or.at e-mail: psm@.ripcrs01.iaea.or.at www: http://www-phys.l lnl.gov/V Div/scattering/elastic.html telnet: msp.nifs.ac.jp e-mail tawara@dptawara.nifs.ac.jp www: http://aeldata.phy.nist.gov/nist atomic spectra.html e-mail ael@enh.nist.gov www: http://physics.nist.gov/PhysRefData/fvalbib/reffrm0.html e-mail fuhr@tiber.nist.gov www: http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/OP.html telnet: cdsarc.u-strasb.fr (userid: topbase, password Seaton+ ) www: http://www-cfadc.phy.ornl.gov/ www: http://aniara.gsfc.nasa.gov/sam/sam.html e-mail: not known www: http://xray.uu.se/ ftp: grace.lbl.gov/pub/sf/ xray1.physics.sunysb.edu/pub/henke/ e-mail: vald@galileo.ast.univie.ac.ut

D.R.Schultz T.Brage A.Godunov -

F.Kupka

Note: - There is no anonymous access to the NIFS database so to be an userid with a password one ought to send a request to Research Information Center, NIFS, Nagoya 464-01, Japan

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