Äîêóìåíò âçÿò èç êýøà ïîèñêîâîé ìàøèíû. Àäðåñ îðèãèíàëüíîãî äîêóìåíòà : http://www.geogr.msu.ru/science/diss/oby/kiner.pdf Äàòà èçìåíåíèÿ: Wed Nov 3 16:33:16 2010 Äàòà èíäåêñèðîâàíèÿ: Tue Oct 2 02:20:06 2012 Êîäèðîâêà: Ïîèñêîâûå ñëîâà: m 44

- (VULPES VULPES L., 1758)

25.00.23 ­ ,

,-. / 001-2 ,

34 ­ 2010


56 47/8 1 6001 001-0 1,89 340 0,40 ,4 : 3.;. <:4 : 001-2 , 001-2 ,, : 680-2 ,, /1 , =, /68: >80 >48? : @.A. B44 5@A 001-2 , , =, 472 /68: 5@A : =, 001 5@A

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0 4 G 501.001.13 4 34: 0,4: ,4 : 3.;. <:4 / ,: 119991, 34, HBI-1, < 07, 3HJ : 3.;. <:4, 001-. 1,89, 18 >K, ,E 1807. B . :K F:9E 4 668 001-0

1,89 3HJ : 3.;. <:4 21 >K. @41 F8 «___» E6E 2010 0. J-7. 9 0 4 H6,4 =.@.

2


. AED 84 8K 4 68 80 ­ 0 F 4/80?D2 F84 6001. @8 ­ 4K.LE 2 4, 4 . K7 0 >80- 4EF ­ 4 /L8:, 4 ED:. C-897. 48 4 F4 :80-2 //4 F,-E 84, >80-2 4.4 44 2 L. ,84E: 7 /8K ;.H. H/, (1936), M.N. O0:, (1938), H.;. A89:, (1947, 1951), ;.;. N,-,, (1959), P.A. 3?L, (1972, 2003). =F,- ,,7 - 4,0 F/8E 84 K472 - /FE : F 4K72 /48. F001 (Q:F4, 1933; ;4 ., 1999; 34-, 2001). CE F:D 4 4, 8 4K7 8E LE F001-0 ,4E, 8E >/F-. ,, 8,K 64: /0F4E 4 47 /07 F:E 7 6E (P:89E4, 2008). R 6 4K 8E 44 68?D2 L: 8:. G8E 8F ,,7 8 ,484? /8K 0 0 4, , 6/- //-E 4, 2 0 /. ,.-49 4EF. . 4 4:. S6 F- /6 -E /E 4:0 /E 44 (3?L, 1988, 2003). 84E F8?-E 4 /4 >80-001-0 8F 4:0 4480 8 674. 87 4 P4F B4. @: 4, :4?D0E 4 -4 :8 8E F,-E /472 :-2 /4 4 ,, 8 L/0 2D. G8E KE /48. 8 8,?D : 1. J- 8 87 /89F4: /872 72

.2 /,2 6,KE 4 /8 /8. ,-. 4 / 4,, 47/8. ;.H. H/: (1967), 48 ,--/4-. 7 8. 2. ;7E48 01- 6K ,,7 8. /8,-72 /48. /8 4

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;7E48 /- 472 >/4 -. :

8 4. B4 0 /8KE ,,7 4 A I8 /89F4: >80-001-0 /2. 4. S 48EE :K4472 L. 4 :.4 Canidae

,02 2D72 :8/?D2 :, ,,, 8 87. 5. S/8 /,. 1:4E 8 /::

-. / 4:0 /E 4. 6. 5F6 //4 /24 8F, /?

/8F890 8 4. . S674E 8 (Vulpes vulpes L., 1758) (8 ­ 8) ­ 4 6L.L: (8 17 :8. :2) /8F897: 8:, >80- /8-7., /8KD. /8/-:, ,. R F 4,D2 6T4 /,L0 /:78, -: 4894, T?, :40 -40 /,L0 7 (G84, 1963; O8E4, M4, 1982; S E ,K?D. 7 ..., 2000; Reports NAFA, 2010). < 0 F:,? 89 4 /K /72 -04 /72 8E -84 68F., /K 40 6L4. R F :02 44 2D72 :8/?D2, /8K89 0,?D2 /0,? 1:? 7. A4.L 4E 2 /E 87 /0 4 . 4647 89 4 5, 4 2 C/. P4/7 B4. @: (Wilkinson, Smith, 2001; Macdonald, Reynolds, 2004 .). 387 / -8, /8? ,0: >80-: /:: 4 6L7, - /F48E /4 /67. >80-001-. 8F, 48?-?D. 47E48 4EF. . F:. 001-0 /E 4, K 0 68E, :E?D0E /EK 8. . ; : 84 L 4KE F- 6001 47/8 >80-001-. 8F 08-0 8 :8/?D0 /: 87. ;/47 66D7 4:7 4E / /? 87 4 /82 H8. 5F67 //7 /27 8F, /? 8 4 :4: :L6. =F,-7 /-7, 6,844L F:E 4


0 8 F -. /, :7 :K447 LE ,0: 2D7: :8/?D:. I8F47 E 47 /, 1:4E 8. B/487 7, /E: 8 4 2F,?D -89 87 6L. , /8,-7 F7: ::, - /F488 ,D4 ,-9 9 2 /E 4. B48 E :8:L672 8E >80-001-0 66DE. ; 7 2:7 6F,?E 4:. :/9?. 280 ­ 01:. :7 MapInfo. , : - C89 /8K 4480 8 674. 87 2F,E ,D47: F8-E:: 4 I8 4 /8F8, 4 A -9 40 F890 / F-89 ,K 0- 4 4: 6897: 8:. - C -. / 4: F:E //8 4,EE ,, /8-. - 8, 4 4:E /8K 07 489 /- 6897:. ; -. - 8 /FL8 ,D4 L 07 F: 4,. ,,7. B4: /D /8D 8 4 B4. @: 47F4 /07: 1:. - Q:4 8 4 P4F /28 4 084: /48 ?0 4, 4 B4. @: /8 /8.472 4F. -F M0? ­ 4 ?0. . ; -: L 6 4 48 4 F4 001 H8. A 4 4F:K 89.L /0F4 F,- /,. 48E 4 1,7 :8/?D2, EE //,8E. 4

/0,? 1:? 7, K F:E 8:-. 64. I-,? 9 /48E? 7, 7 :0, 679 /89F47 4 :0 /0F4 EE //,8E., : 8 -8, K / /84 2,8972 :/E. /18-2 : /4 F4E >/F., 4 - -04 6L4. 5


BE /89F,E 1 6001 001-0 1,89 3HJ 4 872 ,2 «M001E 5 /8972 .», 84. @ «M001- /89F47 KFE89 4 014». ,--84892 5F,897 62

«;.0 ,--0 / /68:: B4, :8-872 4 B4» / 34 >:-0 F4E 5.. Q. . S47 F,897 /8KE 67 8K7 1E2 ,4 /4 340 0,40 ,4 : 3.;. <:4 (34 1997-99), 1 /4 / >48?. 680 (;86, M890E, 2000), ,--/-. 1 / /68:: 2E EE /72 :/84 6T4 (;K, 1997), P4-@:: 0 / :8/?D: (B9E0 N:/8, =/E, 1998), :K,. 1 «MF6F P4/.0 B4» (IF4, 2001), IV-: V-: P4/.2 02 / :8/?D: (M, U2E 2003; B, =8E 2007), N1 / B4:7: /68:: F 18001 :8/?D2 (IF, 2009). I : /,6847 3 9, 4 F 2 4 F,:72 K,82, :472 ;@N 9 F4 8:. . GE F 44E, 5 084, 4744, / 8,7, 48?-?D0 457 -4, 4 : -8 252 72 EF72 3 /8K.. 56 F8K 168 2 :L/0 K 23 , 8 68. . B89 /F8 P.A. 3?L, <.H. P:89E4. F ,44 /E,? /:D9 4 /4 0 84E; 884, 17 6001 001-0 1,89 3HJ F ,89 /K,, K V.I. H,6?, M.;. A44,, 3.;. B4., ;.@. C.4,, R.S. Hoffmann , D. Steere, S. Hartman, R.G. Bailey F /487 >8?F47 :87 7 47. @4 680 :0: ,0: 880: /8:, ,8944L: 0 / :7: F7: 4/:.

6


1. , I47 8F 66D 8,72 72 / 4:, 8,, K 8872 :84. I / >2 72 /: 01-. :. G8E ,-E 0 8 87 4 -4 47 /89F4 :8:L6E 8 ;.H. H/ (1967). I4E 0 2474 689 8 4 ,48 4 4. .2 /,2 /E0 0 E. G8E I8 F6K 4:E (/ E? 2010 0.) 0 8 87, .. ,48, - /EK -0 / /28 ,D4. : :- 98 .2 /,4 4- >0 4. G8E A F6K7 4 07 8: 4:E / E? 2010 0. 448E / -8 40 4E >0 4/.: ( 1600 0. 8E 4-., 1800 0. ­ 8E 89. 1900 0. ­ 8E F/. -. ). H, 4:0 8 4 2F,? 79 /,4 2, 4480 ­ 49 /,4, /4K72 887: :8:. N : /8K7 / : 2. G8E /E ,,7 8 /89F47 8,?D - 1:: F,897 F:0 :L,0 ,- (8 C3J) 87 / 8: F 1971­2007 00., /8,-7 4 QHJ «W289» 3892F 5, 7 40 ,- 4744 87 / : 7 F042 /,L7 F 1961­1987 00., 67 4 86 6001 =, 001 5@A. M8 4:7 7 F042 /F47 (H,69, 2007). G8E 48E 7 /8 8E //,8E 87 4 P4/.. - 5 /89F47 - 7 C3J / .: 3,:., @2089., ;80. N:. 68., /,68: N8 N:. =/89F4 7. /F89 /-. 84 10 : 2, 7. F: 100 :2 F /7 1996­1998 00. 2004-2008 00. 89 8E 872 8,04-/8472 ,0.. 387 67 :F47 / :4:, 8?, /89, /:784E /89? /4EF :,. H01- / ,,7 8 4 /4 / 47: /F8E:, 4 -4 7


/. 47 /89F4 2: F8972 ,6K. «C7 /7 /E 89 5 /8972 .» 3 1:8000000 (1999). ; 66 72 /:7 :7 /:-. (ANOVA Q:: X2 (2-4), >11 8E r B/:). B,, 8 4 4 B4. @: /:,D4 / 7: F04 /,L7, 67: / L: BO@ /4E: N7 F 1979­1984 00. G7 /8,-7 4 B8,K6 7672 ,4 . /7 BO@ (Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies). 5-7 :08 /F8, 7 100 :2 /8D. I8,-7 F,897 /487 2:. /0 .4E. C 4, /E «R04 B4. @:» (Ecoregions Map of North America) (Bailey, 1997). I 8F /40 4:0 E. 8 /,. 0 1:4E /89F47 :7 -. 6001. S0897 :87 / F:D? ,0: >80-: 6E: 87 67 8:. J- 4744 / : /4 4 1996 1998 00. 4 F/4 "< ;8" (M80E 68.) / : H.@. A44 (1949). S/8 87 ,-0 2 87 ,D48 4 1999 0. 4 89: / "3D" (;8:E 68.). @4 /:8 ,- 4 F:2 :L,72 ,-2 :8/?D2 4 F/4 "GK N:9" (B484E 68.) 4 1994 0., 4 F/4 "< ;8" 4 1996 0., 4 89: / "3D" 4 1998 0. 4 N804: 3,4: .2 N:. 68 4 1998-99 00. G8E 47E48E 14, 48E?D2 / 87, (/:, L /8D. :6.), /89F47 7 ,-4 8972 ,-2. IEK9 F:2 :L,4 K0 /47L8 100 :. 2. Vulpes I4 6F 4:0 :-0 , Vulpes, 48?-?D0 12 44. A8K 4472 84 ,-4, /F488 49 /48 / 4 8: (. 1). @8 Vulpes 6L, 0 47 ­ 68 :72 F6F72 8L14 ­ F8E? /- 49 6 /72 F F 8


9
5. 1. B4:7 87 44 Vulpes ( /89F4: :84 Sillero-Zubiri et. al., 2004)


8?-:

48K72

/-2

84.

5/8

44

4:: 6L. /8D /48 40 : 4: V. vulpes, 7. 68 68 F6F7: / 8L1:, /8? 8:. A689L 44 F6F (7 44 F 12) 4.4 7: :7: 68E: I8. 3. 3.1. @8 87 4 I8 2474 ? 8,7 /,79 ,:0 ,6/-0 /E4 (. 2). C /8 E8E :- L 8 4 4, /-: -0, 4E, 8,K F: 8: @ /6F4 :6. -84: (U4, 1967; Killengreen et. al., 2007). A /8,4 = 8 / 4 /,7 Y. ; B4. @1 0, 8, /49 F-89 ?K / 8 A8 4/89 B,, 4 B08 87, /-4::,, (32.84 (N), 2002). 3.2. B67 4 :87 / 68? 4 /74? 6Ñ89L,? -9 8, - 4F:K9 8F49 0 4 8:, -4 2 / 897: 0: ,D4 F8-E. A68 /6 /8F4 2 /E 87 4 P4/.. - 5. S:- F-89E 4:9 F:DE 4 / : ::897 /F8 /42E ::897 /- 4 20 F. I8K4E E -8 //,8E 4 ?0. ; 4. - 4, 4 6D:, :8-8 (-89 /47L 5 6./100 :2), 4 ?K. 0 /4: ,D4 689L ( 5 30 6./100 :2). I 7: C3J, F0- >2 . /80 :K, ?K. . .0. (. 3), / 472, L, 7 /8D ­ :K, /K7: 8: ?K. .0. 8 K :K, /K7: L847: 8: (. 4).

10


11 5. 2. B4:7. 8 674. 87 4 I8.


5. 3. I89 8E 674. 87 / 68E: P4/.. 5. I 7: C3J (1971-2007 00.), 6./100 :2: 1 ­ 1­2,5; 2 ­ 2,5­5; 3 ­ 5­7,5; 4 ­ 7,5­10; 5 10­12,5; 6 ­ 12,5­15; 7 ­ 15­17,5; 8 ­ >17,5. I 7: ,- 4744, 6./10 :2: -9 FE (<1,0); 6 ­ FE (1,1­3,0); 4 ­ EE (3,0­6,0); 0 ­ 47E (6,1­10,0); -9 47E (>10,0). C7 89: @4 ­ ?K7 0/- ,7; M1 8,; M2 ­ 4E .0; M3 ­ EE .0; M4 ­ ?KE .0; M5 ­ /.0; ;1 L847 8; ;2 ­ 8/9; H1 ­ 47 /; H2 ­ /; H3 ?K7 /; G1 ­ 47 /,7.

­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­

B:7 F /F8 F04 /,L7 /8 //,8E /,-7 4- K7: 8: (0,1-1 69/100 :2). ; ?K. .0 F: /47L?E (7,4-10 6./100 :2). C9 7 C3J 4894,? 6 ,48- /8 8E 4 / 4? 68 47: E: /: 30%. ; /.0 /47L /8 6 47K / 4? K7: 8: (10 - 15 12


5. 4. B04. 472 L, 674. 87 / 68E: P4/.. 5 (1961-1987 00.), L,/100 :2: 1 ­ <1,0; 2 ­ 1,0­2,0; 3 ­ 2,0­3,0; 4 ­ 3,0­4,0; 5 ­ 4,0­ 5,0; 6 ­ 5,0­6,0; 7 ­ >6,0. C7 89 K, - . 3.

6./100 :2). ; /8 89 4:, F: K /F8. 0 -8 F/ 4 (<10 6./100 :2). ; L8472 82, 24L2E 8L9 4: 892FE.472 F:89, /89 47 / 7: ,- 4744, / :8: C3J /,L72 F04 (16-21 69/100 :2). A68 F87 8. - 8/ (12 6./100 :2), / (12-17 6./100 :2) /8,/,7 (18-23 6./100 :2). S-9 47E /89 :- E2 F4. 4K68-. 9?, 4 /09E2 F09E2.

13


5/8

87

4,

8

4

/82

/.,

/8,/,7. /,7. F I8 F,- / 8,7: 7:. I8F47 :87 /F74?, - 8 67- 8 :0-8 4 F8972 /72 /,772 6/2 ,:0 /E, 6, 4 /-72 /,7E2 @F (>20 6./100:2), .. /,7-/. /E P4F ­ 68 F8E 8. -9 8. 5/8 87 4 /8,/,7E2 /,7E2 ,6/-0 /-0 /E4 4 I. @F B4. @1 . 2: F9 8 //- /-7: /,7E: :7. G8E 4 P4/.. - 47E48, - /8 87 4 F-89. / 48E L 872 772 /4 10:E :6.. A F8- /89F4 8. 872 772 :6. K. /F7 :K, : ,F74 4 /. (ANOVA Q:: 2). G8E 42 44:72 F8-E 2EE 4 /82 2 3,9 (p<0,048) 42,1 (p<0,000). C-:7 F8-E 47E487 8E 872 :6. 4. ?K. .0 (2 =5,12; p<0,02) 8E 772 ,-4 2 K F (2 =3,9; p<0,048). ; 42 ,02 8,-E2 /F8 ,D4 8-?E ,0 ,0 (<0,05). IF8 ,- 4 772 872 :6E2 :? 47,? /EK9 ,0 ,0: 4 42 /72 F2 /F2. =2 L 8E /K72 84 0 r=0,942; =0,042; 8E ?K. .0 r=0,625; =0,000; 8E .: r=0,266; =0,002; 8E 4. .0 r=0,380; =0,074. R 4894, F4: /F8. ,- , 44, /8 8E 4 K. 478. 0,// :6. 6D. -8 87. ; K. F 68 680/E7 :6E / 8 772 ,-4, 4. 30­60% /8D. Y, 4 /.0 8: /7 40 40-50% /8D 8 /8 489 4:. =2E F F,894 /472 84., :K 89 474, - 8 4 P4/.. - 5 /48E 6. >7. 4 L: /47: 4F:KE:. ;F.4 -84 87 :6E 4 8: /64, ,48-? -8 F4E 0 L. >/ 4 F, .0.

14


4. 4.1. H 2474, 4 4:, 4,? /84, B4:0 (. 5). 5/ 4

5. 5. B4:7. ( 2010 0.) 4487. ( 1600 0. 8E 4-. - , 1800 0. ­ 8E 89. 1900 0. ­ 8E F/. -) 8 674. 87 4 B4. @:.

?0, 678 0- 6897: 8:, 8 /- 68 ?K ;82 F (Churcher, 1959). H 8 628 77 ,2 / /0. :K072 84 B872 0. ; 072 :2 F/. - B4:0 8 678 /-7: 4707: 4:, 64L: , 42. 07 8 ( 2000-3500 : ,. :.) 8E4L: /47 8 89/. 8,0 B872 N72 0, 4 /82 72 8K8 :7 ?K7 /,7 /E. B:897 F:E 4 -E2 8 8 /29 /8 /E48E 6872 /84 -8 2 2FE.4. E89. I6 F,-7 /-7, 6TEE?D 89 F

15


F:E 8. A 2 4 4787 47 >/7 LE 0 0. B4:,? :, 8, :49 84 /:. , F4., /84. E89 /,L0 2FE.4 /00 /6F4E 8L14. 87, /7. 5. Z88: (Hall, 1981), 4 ED 4:E //8 F:7 F:E. C :7. / 4: 8 48 L847 8 / ,:0 ,6/-0 /E4 (. 5), /889 4 /E2 /,7E2 ,:0 /E, 48 17 89E -/8. B,D4, E /4? 87 4 K /,7 ,6/-0 /E. I /48 0 4480 4:0 84 4, - /D FE. F ,F7. / 4: 48E /68F89 /84, 0 /8D. I4?, 449 472 E2 8E /:897 6/7 68F /8. -84 (Kiener, 2003). 4.2. B,, 4 L /. F89, 2:- 47474E 8,?D: 6F:: 689 /47L. -8 8K8 4 F 68972 84, 4 0. :24.. .0 8 678 67- :: :0-8, 4 8, ­ , 4 7. , 678 44 8 :-89 8L9 8,-.7 /- 8 F27. 4?, ; 8/ -89 ; 87 /82 4E EE. ; 472 /E2, ?K: /8 40 /E, 678 :8-8. ::897 /F8 67- 4 4 : /42E ::897 4 E F (. 6). ; 47-2 ,2 489 -0 /6K9E 8 , /:78 4E 0,8E. ; . .0 /F8. F04 ( 0,49 2,9 L,/100 :2) -84 /8K4E 4-F/ ?0- 4, - /4KE 7: /8 8E 4 (10-100 6./100 :2) (Voigt, 1987). ; :24.. .0 B872 0 /F89 472 L, F (<0,5 L,/100 :2), - 4- 7: 89. -8 4, /89, F4, - /47LE

16


5. 6. B04. 472 L, 674. 87 / /4E: N7 L: BO@ (1979 - 1984 00.), L,/100 :2: 1 ­ <0,5; 2 ­ 0,5­1,0; 3 ­ 1,0­3,0; 4 ­ 3,0­8,0; 5 ­ 8,0­14,0; 6 ­ >14,0.

-89, /8E /,: 68?. / -. /, 2 8E 4-0 :8 B872 0 6 8E 89. 0 - (12 6./100 :2). 3:897: /F8E: 2F,E /2E F K72 84 L847: 6 E, 8KDE ?0, ;82 F (>14 L,/100 :2). ; 68 /072 8E 6E 674. 87 ,-2 /89 //,8E 4 460 ­ 770 6./100 :2 (Ables, 1975). ;-7 L847 8 E 4: : (8-13 L,/100 :2), 68 47: /F8E: 67- 4 4. 2 -, ?0, 472 L, KE. G8E F472 /. 27 /F8 (3-8 L,/100 :2). Y: 6F:, F,897 ,- 87, /8,-7 ,0: /6:, /F74?, - 2 /8E / /7: F: 4 472 -2 4/ /. 47L 2:., /8,-. / F04: /,L7.

17




5.



-



5.1. , S66D7 6L7 8,7 :87 / >80 4, 74?D /1-9 ,84. 0 6E 4 F72 -E2 8. B 14, 8:,?D2 / 87, /8F4 48E 477 K0 /4, 8-E 4/4 /-4-0,47 ,84E. 5.2. 5:7 :K447 LE 87 ,02 2D72 :8/?D2. M89L4 2D72 F4. F74 ,D40 48EE / 87 ,,, 8 4 4:72 ,84E2, .. 68 F47: /E: 8E ,D44E 4 F6F. . N,7 LE :0, 47F749 8897 F:E 4 /8 87. B /89 /. 8E 0,//. 2D4, /672 48E9 / (48:, L8:, 79?), , 87 ,489 >48? //8, /4 F8- 4 476 :6. (V0, 1937; C.4, 2006; Lanszki et. al., 2006). =0 8 : 470, / /89F4 4 6772 >: 2D: K4 ,.4 4 /,72 : ,6KD2 (C.4, 2006). S-4L 6 /67 ,D4 48E9 -89 /8 87 (B:4-YEO., 1982; ;.189, 1985; G84, 2005). G,0. / L. 47K 4 ::8F:, / : /:,D4 /8,- 8 8 ,0. 2D. Y 4EF 27 4 8,- F8E 8. 6, 8 4. 6. 87 6,, - /4 0 47? 2FE 7 (M6LA14, 1957; =44, 1959; M, 1976). Y «44 » - /4 F8? 8. 68 680/E72 8E F:KE ,-4, 4 /82 40 8 > : 0- 48E /. ; ,.-472 6F2 48E

18


:K4472 ::89.

L.



-89



/

87

Q:4 B4::

472

:K4472

L.

/8K



.

A,L

,.-40

EE

>:7 4 8: 680/E448 L:, /? 87 4? FE72 6/4. ;7E :-9 0 84 C ani dae 4 A - /48E8 2 /8E 674. 87. J-K 0 7K0 484 689L2 E2 /6448 67:, 8? . 674. 87 (Sargeant, 1982; Carbyn, 1987). S:- E ,E 87 .:, /67: 47E9 4 /872 ,84E2, 6 E2, F::72 6: 4: 40 4: (Voigt, Earle, 1983; Dekker, 1990). J-K 472 :6. :82 :2 8 K 47468 /889 /4 8E 674. 87. S - 68 897. 2D , 484L9 4 /87 2 6E, /6 889 48E9 :, 2 -8 2 / (Jurek, 1992). B:/E /:, . 8., :8: /,77: 8: A, I8 /4KE -847: 2K: 44 / //-:7: 6/: (Fritzell, 1987; Hersteinsson, Macdonald, 1992; Whitaker, Hamilton, 1998; Sillero-Zubiri et. al., 2004). 5.3. B4:7 /48E F4 0,//7, . /8K 674E 8, 4 6D:, 4EE 8,?D:,. I-4::,, 4FE :.4 Canidae P4F.. /FL8 4 :89: :. I47 /48 67 Vulpini /E489 4 P4F 4 : /8 (5,3 :8. 8 ­ 0 ://8) :07 F B4. @:, 0 > /4E 1:, 4:, -F8 (B4, 2004). A2 /:72 8 /8 , />:, 449 001-,? /84899 F4E 0,//7 49: F,89. Q:7, :180- 68F 674. 8, /487 Vulpes alopecoides, /E489 4 P4F 4 ://F: /8 (2,5 :8. 8). I4E 2 /48. 2 8 4 :

19


/8 (K. 4881, 3 :8. 8) 4 @F (308E, O:) /48 1:., /L4,?D. V. alopecoides, - /F48E //8K9, - /4-7. -0 8E 4EF W89. @F.. S,4 72 / 8 4 /:K, :K, : /8: : /8.: (Repenning, 1967; Kurten, Anderson, 1980) /F48E //8K9, - /E48 V. vulpes 4 B4. @: 4EF /8.4. :0. >2 1: F P4F. ;E, /48 Vulpes /89F48 ,2/,,? 4EF9 -F M0?. ; B4. @: :7 /:7 674. 87 6,K7 4 ?K. - /4 @896 (Medicine Hat) @8E (Fairbanks District) 4 88.2 (2) 0:2 (-4?:) 8KE2 (Pewe, Hopkins, 1967; Kurten, Anderson, 1980). R /F48E /809, - 6897 8 N7 8E 8, /FLLE F M0.0 1,0,:. 5.4. I47. /7 4E F890 /E 2D72

:8/?D2 4 P4F B4. @: /8K P.A. 3?L,. =: ,F // /8-. -. -. 4480 8 87. S64 89E 49 ?K. - / 4? 4. /4-E 4EF9 7: E: I8 (3?L, 1972, 1988). B4897. 8F 6/-2 //-. 72 //,8E. 87 4,2 2 6,K4 ,D47 2KE 89 / >80-: L:, / ,4? -8 4 80-72 /72 F2, 47E48 4/ 2 F8E 4:. ; /4,? -9 8, :9 /87. / /72 F, FE72 4: 4 B4. @: / 4? P4F.. C9 8 F8E 8L9 4,? -9 F890 /, 40 4: 4 I8, / >: 689 47. -89? 8K 4 K72 82. ; P4F K K7 8 FE7 4: ::89. -89? 8L9 4-, 7 07 4 L: :78 89 /4: F87 ., : : /,-7 /F8 -9 47. -8.

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B44E 7 / 87 4 P4F 4 ZIZ ­ -8 ZZ 44. 4 4. /84 ZZ 4 (S04, 1931; H/, 1967), 4, - F:E F,8 8L9 4,?? 9 /8-. - , /8K 4L. 07 F:89, / .. :, /EK ZZ 4. ; -. - 4 > / 0 8 F-89 L89 ?0-F/,, 44,. I 8E, ,D. / 89 68972 1F001-2 ,84E2, F-89 ,8E / F: 472. 5L?D,? 89 4 >: 708 /E: 4F.4 -84. A6 6:4, F872 4:7: //,8EE: 87 4 B4. @:, 48?- /9 ,,, 24.-L847 L847 8, /, 17 ,47 6D4 F::0 /, :K07 /,7 ,:0, -- ,6/-0 /E, .. 8 /6 /8F897. 2. P8 , 8 0 /8K /9 27 4 08472 6:2 B4. @: P4F, 4 4,. 8 /-/K:, 68??E ,D47 F8-E. G 2 / -89 87 4 . :24.. .0 /42 4,? 4 4F. 4 E, :: 4 F. A/4, 68 87 4 72 .2 P4F F-89 47L, -: 4 /E2 /8,/,7E2 B4. @:. S689 /47L. -8 4 4 P4F L89 4,: 4 L847 /K7 8. S6 -84 > 47K 4 4/.. - 4EF /07: F:E: 8L14. ; B4. @: 689 /47L. -8 L89 ?0, 68972 84 2474 /9 24.L847 L847 8, K - /. IF8 -8 87 4 L8472 82 P4/7 @: 4:7 -9 47, 6 4 0,872 .2. C9 6 4E 8, ,4L2 4EF9 /. . /44L2E 4 /4.

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1. ; F,89 /40 >80-001-0 8F 8 674. 87 (Vulpes vulpes L., 1758) 47E487 //E 4 /8K -. 4480 8 ,D4E /4E 9 4 0 F/8. ;487. 8 2474 H8-,? F001-,? 689, 689LE -9 0 /8D /2E I8,. C9 8 2474 /- 4 /7 F7. ; A ?KE 0 472 F /87 24.L8472 84 4. 8/. 2. H 8 674. 87 4 I8 489 89 689. /EK -0 / 4:, F:7 F:E //8 4,EE ,, 8. P4E 689 /47L. -8 (:08EE 20­30 6./100 :2) 2E 8E 8/, / /-72 /,79 P4F L89 4 /0-1:47 8L17 4/.. - 8 (16­21 69/100 :2) : L8472 24.L8472 84. 3. ; A ,D4 L 0 8 /FL8 :: 4E 4/.: /8: /844L. , K472. N ED:, 4: /8D9 8 ,48-89 68 -: 44 4 6D2 -2 ,44L /8-. -9?. VKE 0 /E 4 /68F89 /,77: 0: . ;7: /F8E: -8 4 (:08EE 10-100 6./100 :2) 2F,E .0, 7 ZZ 4 ­ /0-1:47 8L17 24.-L8472 L8472 84. 4. IE48 674. 87 4 B4. @: 4EF 4FE: F P4F -F M0?. M8 08,6E /E ,84E: 4. .0, /F484LE 4:. //,8E 89 47K49, /49 4 68972 82, 2E 4 44 . ,47: ,84E: /8. B4. @:. C9 4 L 8 L8 4 ?0 F - 6.,

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/44L2E ,84E: M0. I >: 4, ,89 67 FE9 47. 0 /K: >80-: 4F:KE: 8. B4: /D /8D 8, 47F4 /:,D4 /07: 1:, /2 4 /48 ?0-F/. B4. 4:7. 68 08-. 8 674. 87 /68 F -[ :, 4EF. E899? -84 4 -. F 4:. 5. N01-. 8F 8,7 4E 6 F4E 8 /F48E? //8K9 6Ñ89L,? 49 /8-. - / 4? -., - /4KE L7: 48:, F8?-?D: 4487. 8, K 0 /8D9? 4 62 -E2. Q:4 8 4 I8 /28 4 /48 ?0 4: /,772 /72 68. 4 87. B4EF9 674. 87 7: «E:» P4F /4K /880-: :8:, :, - 689 /47L. -8 4 - /,- /,7-/:, /E, I8. ; F89: L 689L 44 F6F 4.4 7: :7: 0:. C , , : 1. .., C.4 ;.@. B,, 8 674. 87 (Vulpes vulpes L.) 4 8. F ;-. P4/7 // B6. >80-. K,8. ­ 2010. ­ 47/. 1. ­ B. 163­172 2. () .. N01-. 8F F:DE 87 4 P4/.. 5 // ; 340 J4. ­ 2001. ­ B. 5, H01E. ­ \ 6. ­ B. 26­33 : 3. C.4 ;.@., .. B,, 8 674. 87 4 P4/.. - 5 // B4:7 /68:7 F-

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18001 :8/?D2. 387 1 (15-20 :E 2009 0., 0. IF). ­ 3.: N3N, 2009. ­ C. 33 4. () .. 5/ 674. 87 4 H8 25 5. () .. S -8 F:DE 2-92 F4. 689L2 E2 ( /: 87 4 4/.. 5) // MF6F P4/.0 B4: - 47 F,-E, 89-/447 /7 /89F4E 27. YF7 84 3K,. 1 (3 ­ 7 E6E 2001 0.). ­ IF4: NAW, 2001. ­ B. 111­112 6. O/484 @.B., N,F4 ;.@., () .. // 387 340 5,0 001-0 6D4. M001E. ;7/. 10 ­ 3., 2002. ­ B. 20­

S6 F:DE 4744 87 4 0. ,64 F/4 «< ;8» 4 ,84E2 / -8 2D // I68:7 2E EE /72 :/84 6T4. 387 ,--/-. 1. ­ ;K, 1997. ­ B . 126 7. Kiener T. The history of the red fox range development // HYSTRIX The Italian Journal of Mammalogy. 5th European Congress of Mammalogy. ­ Siena, 2007. ­ P. 319 8. Kiener T. Range changes of the red fox in North America // Macholan M., Bryja J., Zima J. (Eds.) European Mammalogy 2003. 4th European Congress of Mammalogy. ­ Brno, 2003. ­ P. 135 9. Mikhailova (Kiener) T. Evolution and Dynamics of the red fox's Vulpes vulpes L. range in the Holarctic // 6th Meeting of PhD Students in Evolutionary Biology. ­ Vaalbeek, 2000. ­ P. 33 10. Mikhailova (Kiener) T., Hoffmann R. A distributional comparison of Holarctic carnivores: the red fox Vulpes vulpes L. // Abstracts of EuroAmerican Mammal Congress. ­ Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 1998. ­ P . 146

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