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Russian Entomol. J. 15(2): 227-232

ї RUSSIAN EN TOMOLOGICAL J OUR NAL, 20 06

New genus and species of fig-inhabiting Leucophoropterini (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae) from Australia Новый вид и новый род Leucophoropterini (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae), обитающий на фиговых деревьях Австралии Christiane Weirauch К. Вейраух
Postdoctor a l fellow, D ivision of I n ver tebr a te Zoology, Ame r ica n Mu seu m of N a tu r a l H istor y. E-ma il: weir a u ch@a mnh.org Postdoctor a l fellow, .

KEY WORDS. Mir idae, Phylinae, Leucophoropterini, n ew genus, new species, Austra lia. . Miridae, Phylinae, Leucophoropterini, , , .

ABSTRACT. Dilatops fici, a new genus and new species of Leucophoropterini Schuh, from Australia are described. This species differs from other Leucophoropterini by the absence of ant-mimetic features, the large size, the unique formation of the short head with pedunculate eyes, and the reddish orange, orange, cream, and purple coloration. Dilatops fici sp.n. is known from the Australian east coast, where it occurs in New South Wales and Queensland on species of Ficus (Moraceae). . Leucophoropterini Schuh, 1974 . Dilatops fici, , Leucophoropterini , , , -, . Dilatops fici sp.n. , Ficus spp. (Moraceae).

Bar code labels, which uni quel y identify each specimen ("unique specimen identifi ers" or "USIs" ), were att ached to the specim ens. Addi tiona l specimen informat ion can be obt ained from the website of th e Pla net a r y Bi odi ve r si t y Pr oje ct on Pl a n t Bug s [h t t p: // research.amnh.org/pbi/index.html]. Habitus photograph s, il lust rations of male and femal e gen itali a, a nd scannin g electron microgra phs (SE Ms) of habitus, head and prot horax, eva porat ory area, pretar sus, and vesti ture on t he corium are provided. Appendix 1 shows t he USI for t he given ill ustrat ion. Unless otherwise stated, measurements are in millimetres and scales on the illustrations are in micrometers. The map of host pl ants is derived from dat a at the websit e of Aust r a lia 's Vi r t ual Her ba r ium [h t tp:// www.cpbr.gov.au/ avh/] and consists of 1122 r ecor ds. Thi s paper is dedi cated to Izyasl av Moiseevich Kerzhner in recognition for his inestimable contribution to hemipt erology. Dil atops Wei rauch, gen. n. Figs 1-21.
T ype species: D ila top s fici Weir au ch, s p.n.

Introduction
A l imited num ber of gen era and species of Phyli nae (Heteroptera : Mi ridae) are known fr om Austra lia and adjacent regi ons [Cassi s & Gross 1995]. Ca rvalh o & Gross [1982] and the extensive fieldwork conducted by R. T. Schuh and G. Ca ssis over the past deca de show tha t the paucity of described Austra lian species i s a result of li mited sam pling of this faun a rat her t han its true diversit y. E xamin ation of m ateri al from t he Schuh and Cassis collecting trips bet ween 1995 and 2002 and of previ ousl y col lected mat eria l on loan from several institut ions allows th e predict ion t hat m ore than 300 species of Phylin ae a wait descr ipti on. T he genus and species described in t his paper repr esen t the first st eps int o th is la rgel y un known fauna.

DIAGN OSIS. Recognized among Leucoph oropterini by th e large size (mean total length, m ale: 4 .33 mm, female: 5 .1 mm ) an d stou t, ovoid body, absence of an t-m imetic features, th e very short and broad head with pedun culate eyes th at are wider than the pron otal width (Figs 1, 1 0-1 3), rather short an d dense, subadpressed vestitu re, th e reddish orange, oran ge, cream, and purple coloration, the S-sh aped vesica with long and straigh t base, an d slender and taperin g apex (Fig. 2 ), left paramere with distinct dorsal lobe on body (Figs 5, 6 ), an d right paramere with cu rved apex (Fig. 4). Most similar among Leu cophoropterini to L asio la bo ps Poppiu s due to th e large size, short and wide h ead, anten nal segmen t one stout, segment two long, tu bular, and sligh tly curved, the sh ort labium, th e similar shape of th e denticles on th e ventral claw surface, an d th e spinelike setae ventrally on the pygoph ore. Dilatops gen. n. is distingu ish ed from La siolabops by


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#
Fig. 1. Habitus of Dilatops fici sp. n. Рис. 1. Вне шний вид Dilatops fici sp. n.

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th e head including eyes wider than pron otum , absence of flattened, transversely grooved setae, parem podia w ith acu te apex, male an d female genitalia, and the bright reddish, oran ge, cream, and pu rple coloration. DESCRIPTION. Male: Macropterous, large and stou t, ovoid, with short pronotum, very short and broad head, and slender legs (Figs 1, 10-13). COLORATION: General coloration reddish orange, orange, cream, light brown, and purple. Head: Cream colored or pale orange with purple marks on vertex, posterior surface of head bright orange, reddish orange marks dorsal to antennifer, dorsal to clypeus, and on ventral margin of mandibular plate; antenna cream colored; labium oran ge w ith distal segment apically suffu sed w ith brow n. Thorax: Pronotum cream colored or pale orange, with transverse purple band across dividing line of anterior and posterior lobe and orange band on anterior margin of posterior lobe; mesoscutum orange; scutellum whitish with paramedian longitudinal reddish orange stripes; propleuron orange with faint purple suffusion and dorsal and ventral margin cream colored; mesopleuron orange with purple suffusion and anterodorsal area cream colored; metapleuron orange with cream colored evaporatorium of metathoracic gland and evaporative bodies surrounding m esoth oracic spiracle. Legs: Pale orange with femora sometimes suffused with orange, tarsi suffused with light brown. Hemelytra: Reddish orange with more brownish and orange transverse (in extended wing) bands along costal margin, medial fracture, posterior margin of endocorium, and posterior margin of clavus; membrane pale with several large dark brown marks, anterior cell (in extended wing) bordered by orange vein, posterior cell by brown vein. Abdomen: Center of abdominal sternites orange, lateral margin with two longitudinal bands, lateral band cream colored, median band red; pygophore ventrally orange, laterally and dorsally suffused with brown. SURFACE AND VESTITURE (Fig. 18): Dorsum and hemelytra furnished densely with two types of simple, decumbent, subadpressed, golden setae, the shorter setae (white asterisk) slightly more erect, more flattened, with finer stria-

tion, and darker than the longer setae (black asterisk). STRUCTURE: Head (Figs 1, 10-13): Short; vertex very wide, vertex and gena extended into peduncle, which carries eyes; maxillary and mandibular plates small; clypeus flat; posterior margin of head concave and with carina that diminishes toward eye; eye almost globular, size moderate; an tenna with first segment short and stout, narrow at base, second segment long, tubular and slightly curved, third and fourth segments short and slender; labium short, moderately stout, barely surpassing apex of fore coxa. Thorax (Figs 1, 10-17): Pronotum short and broad, with rounded posterior lateral angles, posterior margin slightly concave, anterior and posterior lobe weakly dem arcated by s ha llo w t r a n s v e rs e i m p r es s io n , c a lli w eak ly de f in ed; mesepimeron with narrow and elongate area with evaporative bodies anterior to spiracle; metapleural evaporatorium large, peritreme almost circular. Legs (Figs 15-17): Slender, claws moderately stou t, curved, frontal claw surface with narrow groove extending to tip of claw, ventral claw surface with row of about six denticles, pulvillus shallow, extending to about middle of claw, parempodia slender and tapering toward apex, dorsomedian sensillum distinct. Hemelytra: Slightly convex, cuneus elongate and cone-shaped due to oblique costal fracture. Abdomen (Fig. 19): Relatively broad and stout. GENITALIA (Figs 2-6, 19): Pygophore (Fig. 19): Size moderate, more than 1/3 of abdomen, tapering gradually, ventral surface subapically with group of 15 to 20 erect, spinelike setae on left side. Parameres (Figs 4-6): Right paramere broad lanceolate, with elongate, gradually tapering, curved apex (Fig. 4); left paramere with anterior process straight and pointed, moderately long, posterior process slender, slightly curving ventrally, rather long, body of paramere extended into lateral and dorsal lobe (Figs 5, 6). Phallotheca (Fig. 3): Apical half lightly sclerotized, slender, straight, and elongate, apex gradually tapering and with row of lateral spicules, basal half with sclerotized strap, subapical opening in ventral position and slit-like. Vesica (Fig. 2): S-sh aped, with long, almost straight basal portion, base lightly sclerotized, dorsal sclerotized strap ap-


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3

2

7 5

4

9 6 8

Figs 2-9 . M ale and fema le genita lia of Dilatops fici sp.n.: 2 -- ve sic a in late ral view fro m left ; 3 -- pha llo the ca in poster ola ter al view; 4 -- r ight p ara mer e in d orsola ter al vie w; 5 -- le ft par amer e in a nte rolate ral view; 6 -- left pa ram ere in do rsa l v iew; 7 -- fe male inte rna l g enitalia, showing bur sa cop ula trix a nd associated st ruc tur es in dor sal view; 8 -- p ost erior wall in d orsal vie w; 9 -- v alv ife rs 1 a nd vest ibulum in ve ntr al vie w. Рис. 2-9 . Г ениталии с амца и са мки Dilatops fici sp.n.: 2 -- ве зик а, сле ва; 3 -- фалл отек а, пос тер ола тер ально; 4 -- прав ый па рамер, до рсо лат ера льно; 5 -- лев ый пар аме р, ант еро лат ера льно; 6 -- ле вый па рамер, до рсал ьно ; 7 -- вну тре нние с тру кту ры ге нит алий с амк и, пок аза на копу лят ивная сумка и а ссо цииров анные стр укт уры, д орс ально; 8 -- за дня я с тенка, до рса льно; 9 -- в альвиферы 1 и в ес тиб улю м, вентра льно.

pearing in apical half of vesica and forming single, elongate, and acu te apical spine, dorsal strap covering part of secondary gonopore, very short ventral strap in ventral and basal position to secondary gonopore, secondary gonopore subapical, large and elliptical, opening dextro-terminal, without ornamentation or distinct gonopore sclerite. Female (Figs 1, 7-9): C oloration as in m ale, larger th an male (Fig. 1, table1 ). Stru ctu re as in m ale, bu t with second anten nal segment more slen der. D orsal labiate plate w ith paired sclerotizations representing sclerotized rings an d extendin g onto sem inal depository as an un paired median strap, addition al sclerotized loops in lateral position on seminal depository (Fig. 7 ), vestibu lu m indistinct, valvifers 1 well developed (Fig. 9), posterior wall m embran ous with rough ly symmetrical paired elon gate oval sclerites and small median sclerite (Fig. 8 ). ET YMO LOGY. From Latin verb "dilato, -are" meaning "to spread out, extend", and Greek n oun "ops", meaning "look, countenan ce", referrin g to th e w ide set eyes in specimens of this taxon. Th e gender is m ascu lin e. DISC USSIO N. Dila to ps fici sp .n. is distinct am on gst Ph ylin ae by virtue of its large size an d ovoid shape, peduncu-

late eyes, w hich make the head wider than the pron otu m, and bright coloration. T he placement of this taxon in the Leucophoropterin i is tentative as it does n ot possess th e th ree diagnostic characters of the tribe [Sch uh, 198 4]: sm all pygoph ore and gen italia, in distinct secon dary gonopore, an d C-or J-shaped vesica. H owever, Dilatops gen.n.closely resembles La siolabops, which is placed in a polytomy with Tytthus and part of Seja nus at th e base of Leucoph oropterin i [Schu h, 19 84 ]. Dissections of un iden tified species of La siolab ops from Ghan a, reveal sim ilarities with Dilatops gen.n., w ith both genera h aving similar male genitalia, bein g moderate in size rath er than sm all. A row of den ticles on the ven tral claw su rface that was men tioned as a diagn ostic character for the genus La siolabops [Schu h, 198 4] is also presen t in Dilato ps fici sp.n.. A row of denticles or ridges is presen t in th e same position in all species of Leu cophoropterin i for w hich SE Ms were provided by Schuh [1 984], w ith the exception of Tytthus. The denticles or ridges, which are seen in Seja nus, Ab uyo gocoris, Ctypom iris, Wa terhauseana, Gu laca psus, Trich ocephaloca psus, may be homologous to those in La siolabops an d Dilatops gen.n. and m ay represent an addition al defining character for the Leucophoropterin i.


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10

11

12

13

Figs 10-13. SEM of Dilatops fici sp.n.: 10-11 -- habitus (10 -- dor sal view, 11 -- v ent rolate ral view) ; 12 -13 -- hea d ( 12 -- dor sal view; 13 -- lat era l v iew). Рис. 10-13. Эле ктр оно гра ммы Dilatops fici sp.n.: 10-11 -- в неш ний вид ( 10 - с верх у, 11 - в ент рол ате рал ьно ); 12-13 -- гол ова (1 2 -- сверху , 1 3 - сб оку ).

These structural correspondences, together with the fact that Lasiolabops and Dilatops gen.n. both occur on fig trees, support a hypothesis of a close relationship between these taxa, and inclusion of Dilatops gen.n.in the Leucophoropterini. Apart from D. fici sp.n., Lasiolabops obscurus [Odhiambo, 1959; Schuh, 1995] is the only other Phylin ae that is known to occur on Ficus. Dilatops gen.n. an d Em inoculus Schu h (Phylini) resemble each oth er on the basis of th e join t possession of stalked eyes, but this is n ot regarded as phylogenetically significan t, as structures of th e body and genitalia are n ot alike.

Dil atops fi ci Wei rauch, sp.n. Figs 1-21.
MATERIAL . H OLO TYPE, #, AU STRALIA: Ne w S outh Wale s: Ashfield , 33. 8991њS 151. 1246њE, 5 Jan 19 79, D . A. D oolan, # (AMNH _PBI 0008 73 34) (AM). PARAT YPES: AU STRALIA: New So uth Wa les: Roya l Bota nic Gar den, 3 3.8 6404њS 151 .2 1683њE, 16 Fe b 1 993 , E. Tur ak, Ficu s m ac ro phy lla ( Mo rac eae ), # ( AM NH _P BI 000875 38 ) Fic u s m a c rop hy lla ( M orac ea e) , $ (AMNH _PBI 0008 733 5) (AM ); 3 M ar 199 3, E. Tur ak, Fic us obliqua ( Mor acea e), # ( AMN H_P BI 0008 758 4), $ ( AMN H_P BI 00087 585 ) ( AM) ; 2 7 J an 199 3, E. Tur ak, Ficus ru big ino sa ( M o ra c eae ) , # ( AM N H _P B I 000 8 758 3 ) ( AM ). S y d ney, 33 .8 652њS 15 1. 2096 њE , 4 Ma r 19 43 , K. C. M. Keo wn, # (AMNH _PBI 0008 75 86) (AM). Queensland: Bellende n Ker

DIAGN OSIS. Recognized by the characters given in the generic diagnosis. DE SCRIPTIO N. Male: Total length: 4 .13 -4.6 3, length apex clypeus-cun eal fractu re 2 .91 -3.26, width across pron otu m 1.46- 1.5 6. C OLO RATION, SU RFAC E AND VEST ITU RE, and ST RUC TURE : As in generic description. FE MALE. Total length 5 .08- 5.1 2, length apex clypeu scu neal fracture 3.6 0-3.70, width across pronotu m 1 .67 -1.7 0. Coloration, stru ctu re and gen italia as in generic description. ET YMO LOGY. Named for the h osts of D. fici sp.n., species of th e genus Ficus. The gen der is m asculin e. HOST. Know n from several species of Ficus (Moraceae), F. obliqua, F. macrop hylla, and F. ru biginosa. The distribution of D. fici lies within th e range of distribution of these th rees species of th e genus Ficus (Figs 20 -21 ). DISTR IBU TIO N. Known from th ree localities in Sydney, and two localities in Queenslan d, one in the sou th and on e near Cairns (Fig. 20 ). DISCUSSIO N. See gen eric description. AC KNOWLEDGEME NTS. I than k R andall T. Schu h, Michael D . Schw artz, and Gerasim os Cassis for discussions

Ra nge , 1 km S of Cab le Tower 6 , N ort h Q uee nsland , 1 7.2 3409 14 5.8 6514њE, 500 m , 1 7 Oct 198 1 - 5 N ov 198 1, Ear thwatc # ( AMN H_P BI 001 601 09) (QM ). Mount Ber rym an Roa La idley, 2 7.6 5255њS 152 .3 8037њE, 31 Oc t 1 990, W. F. Cha mbe la in, Light Tr ap, # ( AMN H_P BI 001 19026) (TAMU ).

њS h, d, r-


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14

15

16

17

18

19

Figs 14-19. SEM of Dilatops fici sp.n.: 14 -- m ushroo mlike cut icle c lose t o spir acle a of me tat hor acic g land; 15 -- p ret arsus in fro nta l v iew; 1 6 -- close -up of one c law; 1 7 -- ve ntr a on the fore wing; 1 9 -- ab dom en and py gop hor e in la ter al vie w. Р ис . 14 -19 . Эле кт ро но гра ммы Dilatop s fic i s p.n. : 1 4 -- гриб ов ид ная к у тикул а ис пар ите льной пло щад кой за дне гру дно й ж еле зы; 15 -- прет арз ус, фр онт ально; 16 -- ве нтр альная по вер хно сть од ного из к ого тко в; 18 -- о пуш ение пере дне го крыла; 19 --

nd met athora x with ev apo rat orium l sur fac e o f o ne cla w; 18 -- v est iture во кр у г дых ал ьца и з а днегр уд ь с когото к, кру пным планом; 17 -- брю шко и пигофо р, лат ера льно.

an d comments on the manuscript. This paper is a contribution to the N SF Plan etary B iodiversity Inven tory grant (PB I) DE B-0 3164 95 to Randall Schuh and Gerasimos Cassis, and was condu cted wh ile supported as a postdoctoral research fellow on th is project. Jason Larimer kindly took th e habitus ph otographs. Th anks is also give to th e cu stodians of the

Au stralia's Virtual Herbarium (h ttp://w ww.cpbr.gov.au/avh/ ) for making the Ficus specimen records available. Sin cere th an ks to th e in stitu tion s an d cu rators listed below for providing the specim ens stu died here. The in stitutional abbreviation s listed are u sed throughout th is paper: AM Au stralian Mu seu m, Sydn ey; Gerasim os Cassis


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Ta ble 1. Measurem ents of D. fici sp. n. Та бли ца 1. Промеры D. fici sp. n.

20

QM Qu eenslan d Mu seu m, B risbane; Geoff Monteith T A MU Texas A & M University, C ollege Station; J oseph C. Sch affner and Edward C. Riley

References
Ca rva lho J. C.M. & Gro ss G.F. 1 982 . Aust ralian ant -mimet ic Mirid ae (He mip ter a: He ter opt era ). I. The Leuco pho ro ptera gr oup of the subfamily Phy lina e // Aust ralian Jo urnal of Zo olo gy. Suppl. ser . Vol. 86. P. 1-7 5. Ca ssis G. & Gr oss G. F. 199 5. Zoological Ca talogue o f Aust ralia Vo lum e 2 7.3 A. H emipte ra: He ter opt era (Coleo rrhync ha to Cimic omo rpha). CS IRO publishing. 52 1 p p. Od hia mbo T.R. 1 959 . N ot es on the East Afr ica n Mir id ae ( He mip te ra) . - IX: De sc rip tions o f a new sp ec ies of La sio la bops P opp ius and of Psallus Fieb er // Annals a nd Ma gaz ine s o f Na tur al Histor y. Vol.13 . N o.1. P. 758 -76 4. Sc huh R.T. 1 984 . Revisio n o f t he Phy linae (He mip ter a, Mir ida e) of the Indo -Pac ific // Bulletin o f t he Amer ica n M use um of Na tur al Histor y. Vol 1 77. No .1. P. 1-7 6. Sc huh R. T. 19 95. Plant Bu gs of th e W orld ( Insect a: H ete rop ter a: Mirid ae) : syst ema tic ca talog, distribut ions, host list , a nd bibliogr aphy. The Ne w York Ent omo log ica l S ociety , N ew Yo rk. 132 9 p p.

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Ap pend ix 1. Пр ило жен ие 1.

Figs 20-21. 20 -- Distribut ion of Dilatops fici sp.n. in Austr alia; 21 -- m ap der ive d fr om the Austr alia's Virtual He rba rium d ata base showing t he distribut ion of Ficus spp. that ar e hosts of D. fici sp. n. Рис. 20-21. 20 -- Рас про стр ане ние Dilatops fici sp.n. в Ав стр алии; 21 -- к арт а рас про стр ане ния Ficus spp. , к ормово го ра сте ния D. fici sp.n.; получе на из баз ы д анных Авс тра лийско го Вир т уал ьно го Ге р ба р ия.