... that can form an HI ring as is observed in Holmberg~I. Three energetic mechanisms are considered: multiple supernova explosions (SNe), a hypernova explosion associated with a gamma ray burst (GRB), and the vertical impact of a high velocity cloud ...
... multiple supernova explosions (SNe), a hypernova explosion associated with a gamma ... explosions versus gamma ray bursts We start by showing in Fig. 2 the temporal ... in the case of the hypernova explosion than in the case of multiple SN explosions ...
... I have numerically demonstrated that such processes as multiple supernova explosions, gamma-ray bursts, and high-velocity cloud collisions create different observable signatures which can be used to pinpoint the cause · 2 of ring-shaped structures in the ...