... key information on how radiation can drive chemistry on icy surfaces throughout the ... oxygen and carbon dioxide could possibly drive complex chemistry on the surfaces of ...
... However, a heavier helium ion with more electrons removed, and hence a greater electric charge, can sputter tens of times more atoms from the lunar surface than a hydrogen ion. ...
... although they fade quickly as the driving solar wind disturbance recedes into deep ... In this process a trapped energetic ion steals and electron from cold gas atoms and ...
... Deep in the ionosphere, the stream emerges, almost Houdini-like, in ion form again. ... and may make it easier to link drivers of atmospheric loss directly to activity in ...
... In other galaxies, we see that starbursts can drive enormous gas outflows," said David Spergel from Princeton University in New ... Scientists celebrate as the Large Hadron Collider achieves first lead ion collisions . ...
... environment, because that jolt of energy drives processes such as weather and the ... densities are usually much lower than the ion densities in the plumes and in the E ...
... of the Hermes spacecraft an ion-powered ship that ferries astronauts back and forth ... He used real NASA blueprints of an ion-engined Mars crew carrier to make Hermes. ...