... the location of HR diagram and therefore age determination of stars, atmospheric structure in middle and upper photosphere ... active late type stars the question arises to what degree is mainly upper photosphere influenced by nearby chromosphere ...
... Evidently the dust continues to be illuminated by light from the photosphere, including its pulsations, whilst light coming directly from the photosphere to the observer is obstructed. ...
... Evidently the dust continues to be illuminated by light from the photosphere, including its pulsations, whilst light coming directly from the photosphere to the observer is obstructed. ...
... UT: An overview of the field-of-view (FOV) inferred by SST/CRISP and SDO/AIA consisting of: (a) SDO/AIA 170 nm, detailing the photosphere; (b) SST H 656.28 nm (line core) sampling the chromosphere; the (c) SDO/AIA 30.4 nm filter (TR); and the lower corona ...
... We investigate three different treatments of the background opacity: 1) continuous opacity only, 2) blanketing due to lines that form in the photosphere below Tmin, and 3) blanketing by lines that form throughout the entire outer atmosphere. ...
... It also uses new effective temperature-colour and Barnes-Evans-like calibrations, temperature and gravity-dependent limb-darkening coefficients and different effective surface gravities for the spotted and unspotted photosphere. ...