... SOYUZ TMA . SOYUZ TMA SPACECRAFT . BASIC MODIFICATIONS . ... The basic modifications of the Soyuz TM spacecraft are connected with implementation of requirements for enlargement of crew anthropometric parameter range up to the values acceptable for the American astronaut contingent, and with increase of crew protection level from shock loads by decreasing landing speeds and improving shock-absorption of its chairs. ... Anthropometric parameters of Soyuz TM and Soyuz TMA spacecraft . ...