... All the galaxies are divided into 4 groups depending on the environment type; every subsample contains more than 10 galaxies. ... An effect of environments is seen both for the nuclei and for the bulges: if we consider the clusters (Virgo and Ursa Ma jor) and group centers as dense environments and the field and group periphery as sparse environments, then in the dense environments the stellar populations of S0s are in average older by 4­5 Gyr than in the sparse ones. ...

DIMM . ... MASS/DIMM 2007 ­ 2009 MASS DIMM. ... D = 0.09 , B = 0.2 r0 = 0.1 . ... 5 , d, : + 2 dz Cn (z ) в 0.009687 - 2 = 0 dfx dfy (fx , fy )f -11/3 cos2 ( z f 2 ). (1 0 ) 1.0 2.0 0.9 1.9 2 / (0) 2 0.7 2 0.8 l / 2 t 1.8 1.7 0.6 0 5 10 15 20 25 1.6 0 5 10 15 20 25 H, km H, km . ... Wlgt (0) , 7 1.0 6в10 4в10 2в10 -13 0.8 -13 -13 P( l/ t) 0.6 -1/3 2 JGL,m 0 -2в10 -13 2 0.4 -4в10 0.2 -13 -6в10 -13 0.0 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 2 -8в10 1.8 2 t -13 2.0 2.2 2.4 -14 -13.5 -13 16 -12.5 l / log J 2 . ... dimm . ...

... 337, 275­292 (2002) The correlation of line strength with luminosity and redshift from composite quasi-stellar object spectra S. M. Croom,1 K. Rhook,1 E. A. Corbett,1 B. J. Boyle,1 H. Netzer,2 N. S. Loaring,3 L ... We measure highly significant Baldwin effects for most broad emission lines (C IV 1549, C III] 1909, Mg II 2798, H ,H ) and show that they are predominantly caused by correlations with luminosity, not redshift. ... The correlations of log W with log(1 + z ) for each line. ...