T O TH E EDITO R 247 DIMENSIONAL EFFECT IN A METAL IN MULTIPLES OF A CERTAIN MAGNETIC FIELD V. F. GANTMAKHE R Institute for Physics Problems, Academy of Sciences, U.S.S.R. Submitted to JETP editor May 18, 1962 J. Exptl. ... The thickness of the plate was 0.39 mm , the electron mean free path reached (1--3 ) x 10-1 cm at helium temperatures, and the skin-effec t depth was 10 - 4 cm at 1--5 MHz. ... 1 V. F. Gantmakher, JET P 42 , 1416 (1962), Soviet Phys. JET P 15, 982 (1962). ...

... B.V. Somov . head of the department . ... room 80 . ... senior research felow . ... research felow . ... research fellow . ... Our department performes the following most perspective studies: . Special analytical and numerical experimental investigations of the solar plasma involved in the magnetic reconnection process at the Sun. ... Head of the seminar: Prof. B.V. Somov. ... 27 September 2013 The Solar Physics Department was visited by journalists of the leading Russian TV channel "Vesti-1". ...

Most current theories for magnetospheric emission can be grouped into polar cap, outer gap, and nebular models. These models, at least in some cases, need not be mutually exclusive; the Crab pulsar (among others), for example, shows clear evidence for pulsed emission from the magnetosphere and unpulsed emission from the surrounding nebula. ... This suggestion is strengthened by observation of a distinct soft emission component, consistent with the cooling scenario, from several of these pulsars. ...

... Time-dependent diffusion of Fe compared to the equi- librium stratification for a model with T eff = 10 000 K, log g = 4.0 and a magnetic field of 10 kG strength, inclined by 60 with re- spect to the surface normal. ... The dash-dotted line gives the equilibrium stratification - the radiative acceleration of Fe is equal to 4.0 throughout the atmosphere. ... Numerical modelling of surface abundance distributions in ApBp star atmospheres constitutes a challenging astrophysical problem. ...

The Secret of the Black Aurora . ... Credit Copyright: Jan Curtis Explanation: What causes black aurora? These gaps in normal bright aurora are frequently recorded but rarely questioned. Recent research using data from four Cluster spacecraft orbiting the Earth has now likely found the secret: black auroras are actually anti-auroras. ... In black anti-auroras, however, negatively charged particles are sucked out from the Earth's ionosphere along adjoining magnetic field lines. ...

The space between the planets is far from empty. It contains: electromagnetic radiation (photons); hot plasma (electrons, protons and other ions) a.k.a. the solar wind ; cosmic rays; microscopic dust particles; and magnetic fields (primarily the Sun's). While the Sun 's radiation is obvious, the other components of the interplanetary medium were not discovered until very recently. ... Except near some of the planets, interplanetary space is filled with the Sun's magnetic field. ... Sun .. ...

... part 1 | ... The Basic Stages in Earth's Pre-geological Development . ... After fragments of the Vortex sleeves separated, whirlwinds of second and third orders ("NC" - new micro-vortex) were generated- future planet cores and their satellites - all of them developing independently, governed by the common laws of development of cosmogenic vortexes. ... Our planet's core today is comprised of considerably deteriorated cosmogenic vortex; consequently, the Earth has a moderated magnetic field. ...

The above process keeps the # of protons and the # of neutrons in the early Universe constant. This is extremely important and will result in a testable prediction later. Remember, a free neutron (one that is not bound in an atomic nucleus) will decay into a proton + electron (+ anti-neutrino) in about 900 seconds. ... During this epoch, the proton-to-neutron ratio is 1.0 . ... The Universe consists of protons, neutrons and electrons plus a photon background and a neutrino background. ...

... Space Flight . ... It took an accidental dose of cosmic rays to make them fantastic.( ... Air showers ensuing from very-high-energy cosmic rays which can enter EarthтАЩs atmosphere from multiple directions.( ... The latest cosmic ray research:composite sky catalogue using 2 years of Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope data.Depicting 1873 objects in total, the brightest patches represent sources with the highest gamma-ray count (at energies greater than 1 billion GeV or electron volts).( ... Astronotes ....

... Space Res., 12, 265, 1992 planetary magnetic dipole: Mizutani, H., et al., ... Astrobiology, 7, 167, 2007 CME induced H+ ion pick-up loss at 0.05 AU for ` Hot Jupiters ' HD209458 b Mass loss ~1011 g/s even for weak CMEs Mmax strong magn. protection in reality Exoplanet magnetospheres - importance of magnetodisk Relatively large amount of observed Hot Jupiters (27%): survival of close-in giants indicates their efficient protection against of extreme plasma and radiation conditions ...

... RECOMMENDED VALUES OF PHYSICAL CONSTANTS AND CONVERSION FACTORS. ... This reference must be included when these constants are used in a context where their full accuracy is important. ... elementary charge (of proton) . ... gravitational constant . ... unified atomic mass constant . ... of electron . ... of proton . ... Planck constant . ... Rydberg constant, m 0 2 m e e 4 c 3 /8h 3 . ... fine structure constant, m 0 e 2 c/2h . ... Bohr radius, h 2 ( pm 0 c 2 m e e 2 ) . ... Bohr magneton, e h /2m e...

... Research objects and scientific purposes . Space scientific program includes development and launch of two supersmall spacecrafts "Universitetskiy" and "Kompas-2" intended for monitoring of radiation conditions near the Earth. ... All the studies conducted in the near-Earth space are characterised by strong radiation fields. ... The circular polar orbits, which cover all the near-Earth space, are the most favorable for comprehensive studies of the radiation conditions near the Earth. ...

Next: Field of View Up: CCD Scientific Performance Previous: Back Illumination . The CCD acts as a storage medium, and with frame times of the order seconds, there is no obvious method of employing prompt co-incidence rejection of charged particle events. ... In conventional CCDs, a m track length results in an equivalent energy deposition of 5 - 6 keV, and significant confusion with X-ray events arises. ... A trade-off between rejection efficiency and spectroscopic efficiency is required. ...

... COMPUTER SIMULATION OF RADIOWAVE MULTIPLE SCATTERING EFFECTS IN IONOSPHERE USING MONTE-CARLO METHOD . ... Distribution of reflected radiation on the ground is computed. ... Such influence can be remarkable if the scattering is multiple, i.e. the optical thickness for the scattering process is considerably greater than a unit. ... Radiation energy transfer in the slab is modeled by distribution of some particles carring small portions of radiation energy. ... The isotropic plasma approximation is...

The potential of plasma By Lisa Tidwell Astronaut Franklin Chang-Diaz, Director of the Advanced Space Propulsion Laboratory, works on the VASIMR engine. jsc2003e49523 Photo by James Blair Scott Winter, from Safety, Reliability & Quality Assurance, makes adjustments on the VASIMR. jsc2003e49525 Photo by James Blair A T A GLANCE HOW THE V ASIMR ENGINE WORKS The VASIMR engine works through a set of three linked magnetic cells. ... This plasma is what drives the rocket engine. ...

The radiation belts around the planets are the interrnal regions of planets' magnetospheres where the own magnetic field of a planet keeps the charged particles (protons and electrons) having the great kinetic energy. ... They usually distinguish the Earth's internal and external radiation belts. the internal radiation belt of the Earth has the maximum particles density (mainly protones) over the equator in the height of 22 thousand km. ... Jupiter and Saturn have the powerful radiation belts. ...

... It turns out one possibility is a form of matter/energy invented by Einstein in the 1920s to make sure his equations of General Relativity did not predict the Expansion of the Universe. Although Einstein was willing to predict several things with his equations of General Relativity, he obviously thought an expanding Universe was too much, and so he invented the Cosmological Constant, which repels itself, and was meant to balance the force of gravity, and make the Universe static. ...

... public class ParticleAnalyzer . ... static int . ... Add particles to ROI Manager. protected boolean . ... Clear ImageJ console before starting. static int . ... protected static int . ... Do not measure particles touching edge of image. protected boolean . ... Flood fill to ignore interior holes. protected static int . ... Display image containing binary masks of measured particles. static int . ... Field Detail public static final int SHOW_RESULTS . ... protected static final int NOTHING . ...

... The Sun is the closest star to us, and a regular object in our Galaxy. Solar activity manifests itself, primarily, in solar flares - episodic explosive energy release in the form of electromagnetic radiation and high energy particles (electrons and protons). The nature of the flares is related to cyclic variations of global and local magnetic fields in the atmosphere of the Sun. ... Such formations are called active regions. ...

... Thursday, Apr 14, 2016 at 8:00 PM . The 2012 discovery of the Higgs Boson completed the “Standard Model” of particle physics. But where does particle physics go from there? ... Please join us for a pre-meeting dinner discussion at Changsho, 1712 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA at 6:00pm. Please join us for a pre-meeting dinner discussion at Changsho, 1712 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA at 6:00pm before the meeting. ... Apr . ... Copyright (c) Amateur Telescope Makers of Boston, Inc. ...