The Earth. ... The middle raiding of the Earth is 6371,032 km, the pole 6356,777 km equatorial - 6378,160 km. The Earth surface area is 510,2 mln km^2, 70,8% of which is the World ocean. ... According to the modern cosmogonical views the Earth was formed 4,6 - 4,7 billions years ago from the protoplanet cloud captured by the Sun. ... The Earth is conditionally divided into 3 parts: a bark a cloak and a core (in the centre). The external layer - the bark is 35 km thick. ... Above the Earth. ...

All stars derive their energy through the thermonuclear fusion of light elements in to heavy elements. High temperatures are required so that the mutual electrostatic repulsion of the protons in each fusing atomic nucleus is overcome. ... Elements with more protons in their nuclei require higher temperatures. ... This sequence is now shown in the animation below. ... First Step of the Proton-Proton Chain Narration . Second Step of the Proton-Proton Chain Narration . ...

Solar System Research, Vol. ... The Dynamics of High-Temperature Plasma in the Solar Corona according to SPIRIT Observations in Mg XII 8.42 е Line S. A. Bogachev1, S. V. Kuzin1, I. A. Zhitnik1, A. M. Urnov1, and V. V. Grechnev2 1Lebedev Institute of Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. ... Our analyses of the time variations in emission during a flare suggest that hot plasma is heated by fluxes of accelerated electrons. ... 39 No. 6 2005 the Mg XII SPIRIT images. ...

... The antenna system . ... A military radar system, consisting of two identical radars, was transferred to the Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics (ISTP). ... The system features a two-channel transmit-receive antenna. ... By changing the phase difference in the channels, one is able to modify the shape of the total channels' beam in the angle-of-elevation plane. ... The total beam is controlled by introducing the phase signal into the excitation signal of one of the channels. ... Peak power.. ...

... In a solar prominence, charged particles stream up from the Sun, spiraling around magnetic field structures poking out of the solar surface, and ultimately fall back along those structures into the Sun. ... As evolution would predict, animals' eyes sense the colors of light emitted most strongly by the Sun. ... The tiny Moon can completely cover the disk of the Sun, blocking most of the emitted visible light, and reveal the Sun's faint outer atmosphere called the corona...a mass of incandescent gas ...

... Key words: stars: magnetic fields ­ stars: chemically p eculiar 1 Intro duction On the basis of all the available published magnetic measurements for Ap stars we have found a few relations describing the frequency of o ccurrence of the sp ecific magnetic field intensity for all typ es of chemical p eculiarities (Bychkov et al. 2003a). ... Magnetization of stars in the `strongly'-magnetic group exceeds that in the `weak'-magnetic group typically by a factor of 5­10, on the average. ...

... Berezhnoy A.A., Kozlova E.A., Shevchenko V.V. Sternberg State Astronomical Institute, Moscow University, Russia, Moscow, Universitetski pr., 13, 199992. katk@sai.msu.ru According to the data from "Lunar Prospector" [1] the areas of high hydrogen content in the lunar south pole region coincide with the areas of such craters as Faustini (87.2є S, 75.8є E), Cabeus (85.2є S, 323є E) and other crates. ... We estimate the total permanently shadowed area in the lunar northern polar region at 28 260,2 km2. ...

... Apache HTTP Server Version 2.2 . Apache > HTTP Server > Documentation > Version 2.2 > Programs . ... suexec is used by the Apache HTTP Server to switch to another user before executing CGI programs. In order to achieve this, it must run as root . ... For further information about the concepts and and the security model of suexec please refer to the suexec documentation ( http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/suexec.html ). ... If you are root , this option displays the compile options of suexec . ...

... The formation of spectral disturbances of Cosmic Background Radiation (CBR) during the period of hydrogen recombination at redshift is considered. Special attention is paid to the decimeter and meter wavelength band. ... In this paper we will return to the question on the spectral lines caused by recombination of hydrogen discussed by Dubrovich (1975) , in the longer wavelength part of spectrum of the CBR. ... A synthesis of recombination radiolines spectra is divided into several stages. ...

Astronotes Armagh Planetarium's Stellar Blog! ... This image combines orbital imagery with 3-D modelling to show flows that appear in spring and summer on a slope inside Mars' Newton crater. ... Warm season flows on a slope in Newton Crater, possible evidence of salty liquid water active on Mars today. Image credit: NASA) . ... Frozen water is common on and under the surface of Mars but these images are the best evidence to date for the presence of liquid water on the Martian surface today. ...

... My research is mainly focused on magnetic fields and their influence over activity, winds and the environment around the Sun and other late-type stars. ... Alvarado-GцЕmez, J. D. ; Hussain, G. A. J.; Cohen, O.; Drake, J. J.; Garraffo, C.; Grunhut, J.; Gombosi, T.I. Keywords: Coronae - Magnetic Fields - Late-Type - Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) . ... Alvarado-GцЕmez, J. D. ; Cohen, O.; Hussain, G. A. J.; Grunhut, J.; Garraffo, C.; Drake, J. Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union, Volume 305...

Stellarium 0.12.3 . ... Classes . ... ClassљList . ClassљIndex . ... Skybright Class Reference . Compute the luminance of the sky according to some parameters like sun moon position or time or altitude etc.. ... setDate (int year, int month, float moonPhase) . ... Set the moon and sun zenith angular distance (cosin given) and precompute what can be This function has to be called once before any call to getLuminance() More... љ . ... cos(angular distance between moon and the position) . ...

RADIOASTROPHYSICAL DEPARTMENT • INSTITUTE OF SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS RAS SB . Research results on fast active processes General information Main characteristics of the Radio telescope Observing programs General view of the antenna array Main research areas Principle of generation of radio images Radio telescope's beam Receiving systems Main characteristics of the base receiving-recording complex Calibrations Data archive and databases ... Distribution of the recorded spikes in duration . ...

Russian Space Science Internet (RSSI) is a successful result of RSSI Project. ... space oriented organizations; . ... RSSI offers for its members : . ... videoconferences via MBONE Internet protocol (there are 2 tunnels available now through the general IP network: one to NASA Internet, and another to Moscow State University); . ... It is designed so that all organizations connected to the RSSI gain access to the resources of Russian computer networks as well as world wide Internet. ... nic@rssi.ru ...

Gravitational four-fermion interaction and dynamics of the early Universe I.B. Khriplovich, A.S. Rudenko Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia October 2013 According to common beliefs, present expansion of Universe is result of Big Bang. Quite popular idea is that this expansion had been preceded by compression with subsequent Big Bounce. ... Its energy density is = n4/3, is numerical factor, n1/3 is typical energy per particle. ... Solution of FLRW equations. ...

... part 1 | ... The Basic Stages in Earth's Pre-geological Development . ... After fragments of the Vortex sleeves separated, whirlwinds of second and third orders ("NC" - new micro-vortex) were generated- future planet cores and their satellites - all of them developing independently, governed by the common laws of development of cosmogenic vortexes. ... Our planet's core today is comprised of considerably deteriorated cosmogenic vortex; consequently, the Earth has a moderated magnetic field. ...

... Amorphous carbonaceous materials can show a great diversity of optical properties due to the variability in their microstructure. ... The differently pyrolized celluloses are representative for a suit of carbonaceous material ranging from strongly disordered (insulating) to graphitized (conducting) material. Figure: Complex refractive index of hydrogenated amorphous carbon prepared by pyrolysis (annealing) of cellulose at different temperatures. ...

FORTIN Jean-Yves Present address: Laboratoire International Franco-Russe (LIFR) 119002, Bolshoy Vlasyevskiy Pereulok 11, Moscow Phone: +7 905 2916722 Fax: +7 905 2916501 Email: fortin@lpt1.u-strasbg.fr September 2005 RESUME Main research interests · Nature of the disorder driven transition in random field Ising magnets. ... Recent publications [Ref. 1] Maxime Clusel and Jean-Yves Fortin, 1D action and partition function for the 2D Ising model with a boundary magnetic field, J. Phys. A: Math. ...

Institute of Applied Astronomy Ilin G., Mitryaev V. Transparency of the atmosphere according to WVR data in Svetloe observatory and quality of LRS "Sazhen-TM" observations WPLTN -2012 ,St. Petersburg , September 24 -27 Institute of Applied Astronomy Prototype of WVR is mounted in Svetloe observatory in 2011 W V R + V LB I Elgered, G. (1993). ... 20,75±0,25 WVR MW Block Parameters 32,05±0,25 . ...

... PUL2 catalog contains original absolute proper motions of 59646 stars in 149 fields with galaxies. ... Mean errors of relative proper motions in PUL2 catalog is 5.5 mas/year. ... The external mean error of one relative proper motion of a bright star of PUL2 catalog is 9 mas/year for both of coordinates. ... After issue of UCAC2 catalog, we decided to improve accuracy of proper motions, using Pul-3 coordinates (of 1950s) as the first epoch, and UCAC2 coordinates as the second epoch. ...