MARS-96 . ... Scientific goals . ... At the end of the 1980's, the successful broad scientific exploration program of Venus was fulfilled, the successful mission to Halley Comet was completed and the mission to Phobos, having limited success, was also realized, At this time, Mars was chosen as the main object for future planetary exploration within the Russian Space Program. ... Earlier missions to Mars showed that this planet in its earlier history was much more similar to the Earth than that is now. ...

... Description . ... The SCORPIO-2 project: . ... The multi-mode spectrograph SCORPIO-2 was developed using the experience of observations at the 6-m telescope BTA with the SCORPIO focal reducer . ... The focal reducer consists of several units ('floors') mounted in the common case in the following order (from the telescope focal plane): . ... The focal reducer is connected with the platform-adapter which used for guiding by offset stars and for illumination the spectrograph by calibration lamps. ...

... The Military Aspects of the Soviet Cosmonautics : A Side View . This book is the first effort in an unclassified Soviet publications to provide a comprehensive overview of the Soviet military space program. Presented here are the classification of the military space systems by functions performed (Chapter 1), the analysis of the organizational evolution of the Soviet space program (Chapter 2) and the description of all observable satellite systems of military or double destination (Chapter 3). ...

... News . ... Pre-university education . ... Samara University scientists have developed a technology of new-designed photoelectric converters for solar batteries of spacecraft. ... The new solar batteries will be as much effective as their contemporary nanoheterostructured counterparts surface-supported by germanium, and the cost will be five times cheaper. ... Scientists of Samara University (joint SSAU and SSU) developed a technology basis of new silicon-based photoelectric converters (FEC). ...

The database contains references to the papers, data files and links to the Internet resources related to measurements and calculations of the optical constants in the wavelength interval from X-rays to radio domain. ... References to some useful books and reviews on the subject (e.g. the classical handbooks edited by E.D.Palik) and links to Internet collections of optical constants and personal WWW pages with related software were also placed in the database. You have arrived at our welcome page. ...

... International programs . ... Information Consolidation in International Anti-Crisis Management . ... European Diploma Supplement . ... AљDIPLOMA SUPPLEMENT isљaљdocument given toљgraduates ofљhigher educational institutions ofљall forms ofљproperty and subordination toљprovide information required for objective evaluation ofљhigher education qualification (degree) received byљthe person awarded with aљhigher education diploma. ... Copyright 2010 V.љN. Karazin Kharkiv National University. ...

... In order to realize the optimal scientific return from the VLT, ESO has undertaken to develop an end-to-end data flow system from proposal entry to science archive. The VLT Data Flow System (DFS) is being designed and implemented by the DFS Group (ESO Internal access only) in collaboration with VLT Division and Instrumentation Division . ... VLT Control System Interface . ... OBs are the quantum of data that flows within the DFS, collecting state, data and status information as they flow. ...

... GSAOI Home . Instrument . ... The Gemini South Adaptive Optics Imager (GSAOI) is a near-infrared adaptive optics camera that will be used with the Multi-Conjugate Adaptive Optics (MCAO) system on the Gemini South 8-m telescope . ... Gemini's major instrumentation goal is to develop its Multi-Conjugate Adaptive Optics (MCAO) system for scientific use on Gemini South. ... Existing adaptive optics systems use a single natural guide star or artifical laser guide star to measure this image blur. ...

... Comments, Opinions Publications Dnepr Program . ... During 1992-2003 timeframe, a team of Russian and Ukrainian companies together with the Russian Ministry of Defense (MoD) were involved in developing a commercial space launch system based on the technology of the SS-18 ICBMs being withdrawn from service. ... ISC Kosmotras was assigned the role of a team leader to build and commercially operate this SS-18 ICBM based space launch system and the entire program was given the name Dnepr . ... Dnepr LV ...

OFFICIAL PRESS RELEASE . about Progress M-CO1 Vehicle Launch to the ISS . ... The Docking Compartment #1 (DC1) was developed and manufactured at S.P. Korolev RSC Energia, ISS RS prime developer in Russia, and is intended to provide a complementary docking port for Soyuz- and Progress-type manned and logistics vehicles, and support cosmonauts and astronauts egress into space from the Russian Segment of the Space Station. ... Official WEB-site of S.P.Korolev RSC Energia . ...

... Annual Meeting . ... Other Workshops, Conferences and Events . ... Galileo Teacher Training Program Workshop . ... Submit an abstract (please read guidelines below first). ... Please fill out the abstract form carefully since the program committee will be rating the proposals based only on the information you provide. ... For the conference, you may be the lead author on one poster paper, and one oral session: a ten-minute oral paper presentation or an hour-long workshop or a special interest group....

National Aeronautics and Space Administration . ... Gregory Errol Chamitoff (Ph.D.) . NASA Astronaut (Former) . ... NASA EXPERIENCE: In 1995, Dr. Chamitoff joined Mission Operations at the Johnson Space Center, where worked as a Guidance and Control Flight Controller. ... SPACE FLIGHT EXPERIENCE: Expedition 17/18 - In 2008, Dr. Chamitoff served as the flight engineer and science officer for a 6-month mission aboard the International Space Station during Expeditions 17 and 18. ... OCTOBER 2013 . ...

MATHEMATICAL MODELING: . ... This model is developed on the base of the probabilistic description of the collisional aeronomical processes and is realized on a computer as the numerical system (stochastic model). ... Shematovich, V.I., Bisikalo , D.V.             Nonequilibrium processes in the planetary and cometary atmospheres. ... In Russian) . ... Piarnpuu , A. A.; and Shematovich, V. I.       Construction of structural stochastic models of collision processes in rarefied gas media (abstract) . ...

Russian SHAREABLE DATA CENTER Institute of Solar-Terrestial Physics SB RAS . ... The algorithm and appropriate program for decametric radiosignal propagation conditions prediction for paths from 500 to 9000 km have been developed at ISTP SB on the basis of normal wave method (AltyntsevaB.I,Iliyin N.V., Kurkin V.I. and others //Decameters channel simulation on the base of normal wave method . ... Solar activity indices are chosen automatically from the prediction date from the database . ...

Educational program of the project is intended for training of specialists in different fields of space physics, astronomy and the Earth sciences. ... Special space-physics lab exercises are intended for the students of the senior courses of the Institutions, specialized in the field of space engineering and space physics. Its main task is to teach them some methods of satellites scientific and engineering data processing. ...

... Satellite data ] . ... SMIS IKI RAN has developed the software package which may be used both by owners of acquisition stations and individual users of satellite information. ... AVHRR instrument data processing. ... This enables the users who are not yet qualified in computer methods of satellite data processing, to get a quick start with the software. ... The basic software package enables a user to solve a wide range of tasks (in our server You can find the data processing samples ). ...

Natural Satellites Service. Special ephemerides . Ephemerides of the coorbital satellites of Saturn for infrared observations . Apparent Encounters of the Outermost Satellites of Jupiter . Mutual occultations and eclipses of the major satellites of Uranus in 2006-2010 . Apparent Encounters of the stars Tycho-2 Catalogue and main natural satellites . Fran?ais: Description Mode d'emploi Sources . English: Description Instruction Sources . ...

... Problems of Developing and Near-Earth Environmental Protection. Electromagnetic and Corpuscular Radiation of Sun as the Main Factors of Near-Earth Environment Forming. Solar UV and X-Rays. ... Ionosphere. ... Dynamic of Ionosphere Plasma.Ionosphere Conductance. ... Magnetosphere. ... Energetic Particles Motion in Magnetosphere. ... Auroral Particles and Phenomenons in Auroral Borealis Zones. ... Auroral Particles Invasion of Atmosphere and Its Effects - Auroral Borealis, Ionization, Heating. ...

MAIN METROLOGICAL CENTER RUSSIAN FEDERATION National Research Institute for Physical-Technical and Radio Engineering Measurements (VNIIFTRI) e ­ mail: pasynok@vniiftri.ru, ru bezmenov@vniiftri.ru JOURNEESE 2014 VNIIFTRI as the Russian Main Metrological Center of Time, Frequencies and Earth Rotation Service th ti carried out the rapid EOP processing based on GNSS, VLBI and SLR observations for many years. 2 VNIIFTRI takes participation in GNSS and SLR observations of IGS and ILRS too. ...

For calculating model spectra of early-type helium stars in LTE, we maintain a database of atomic data for, mostly, blue-visual absorption lines of light elements. The data is sorted with one file for each ion. ... III = ++ . ... It will work on both complete linelists (including the atomic data at the start and references at the end) or raw ion files (such as Ni2.d). ... A Fortran utility to convert linelists downloaded from the Vienna Atomic Line Database into the new QUB format. synspec_qub . ...