... We present a new method of the ionospheric irregularity investigation based on using of temporal structure function of the phase of the vertical sounding signal. ... Theoretical relation between structure functions of the phase variations and the irregularities can be obtained in the framework of a simple model of frozen irregularity horizontal drift. ... structure function ?? ... The irregularity structure function can be easily calculated if the irregularity spatial spectrum is known. ... Figure 1...

... Average effective wavelengths and band widths for various sp ectra Lyrae spectrum f flat k е 1014 Hz 5386 ± 18 4.66 ± 0.04 5714 ± 12 4.1 6234.5 ± 0.5 1.03 5372 ± 18 4.69 ± 0.04 eff 2 Optical Filter ID 1 2 3 4 a Fo c -6 10 erg/cm2 s 12.55 ± 0.10 11.04 ± 0.01 2.77 ± 0.004 12.63 ± 0.10 fo d 6 10 photons/cm2 s 3.40 ± 0.02 3.18 ± 0.004 0.87 ± 0.002 3.42 ± 0.02 Power-law eff f 2 е 5746 ± 317 6197 ± 253 6305 ± 31 5736 ± 316 spectra pl k 1014 Hz 3.70 ± 0.26 3.14 ± 0.16 0.88 ± 0.01 3.70 ± 0.27 Table 1. ...

Surveys in Geophysics (2005) 26: 95­133 DOI 10.1007/s10712-005-1874-4 с Springer 2005 MAGNETOSHEATH INTERACTION WITH THE HIGH LATITUDE MAGNETOPAUSE S. SAVIN1, A. SKALSKY1, L. ZELENYI1, L. AVANOV1, N. BORODKOVA1, S. KLIMOV1, V. LUTSENKO1, E. PANOV1, S. ROMANOV1, V. SMIRNOV1, YU. YERMOLAEV1, P. SONG2, E. AMATA3, G. CONSOLINI3, T. A. FRITZ4, J. BUECHNER5, B. NIKUTOWSKI5, J. BLECKI6, C. FARRUGIA7, N. MAYNARD8, J. PICKETT9, J. A. SAUVAUD10, J. L. RAUCH11, J. G. TROTIGNON11, Y. KHOTYAINTSEV12 and K. STASIEWICZ12

... Declined commitment to national space programs and drastic cuts in ICBM demand create a strong economy-driven trend to proliferate missile and space-related technologies to new markets. ... to establish a regime to provide space launch services to potential proliferators as an incentive against development of rocket launch capabilities of their own. ... Under such a condition new space powers definitely would not give up the development of independent space launch capabilities. ...

Introduction to PLASMA ASTROPHYSICS (Selected 10 lectures) Boris V. Somov Astronomical Institute and Faculty of Physics Moscow State University Pushino-na-Oke, 2008 Contents Ab out These Lectures 1 Particles and Fields: Exact Self-Consistent Description 1.1 Liouville's theorem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.1 Continuity in phase space . . . . . . . . . 1.1.2 The character of particle interactions 1.1.3 The Lorentz force, gravity . . . . . . . . . 1.1.4 Collisional friction . . . . . . . . . . . .