... For object magnitudes greater than this magnitude the major source of signal is from the sky. ... Number of electrons= sky в gain в number of pixels per resolution element. nsky =0.023в2.33в20=1.1 e- s-1 Object brightness less than brightness of the sky : (means that sky noise will be the dominant noise source). object sky 4.9 в 10 6 1.1 2.5112 m m 17 Therefore sky limited in B band for m 17th magnitude Counts = number of counts , t=exposure time 4.9 в106 ...

. The file command examines the content of a file and reports what type of file it is. To use the command enter: file filename . Use this command to check the identity of a file, or to find out if executable files contain shell scripts, or are binaries. Shell scripts are text files and can be displayed and edited. Examples .

... Bad Astronomy . Misconceptions . ... Bad Astronomy : "That's as remote as the dark side of the Moon!" ... As the tired, hackneyed refrains went on, one in particular caught my ear: " Fly me away to the bright side of the moon, and meet me on the other side." ... As the Moon orbits the Earth, different parts of it get illuminated by the Sun. ... Bad Addendum : At the end of the album "Dark Side of the Moon" by Pink Floyd, there is a voiceover that actually says "There is no dark side of the moon. ...

Welcome to K -corrections calculator, simple service allowing one to determine K -corrections of a galaxy, given its redshift and one or more colours. ... K -correction in choose filter.. ... Redshift . Colour choose colour.. Colour value . Calculator . ... calculate spectral energy distributions , K-corrections calculator , GALEX FUV NUV , UKIDSS YJHK , K-corrections of galaxies , spectral based k-corrections , SDSS filter set K-corrections , K correction code IDL , kcorrect IDL C , . ...

... Curiosity Before Mars: Seven Minutes of Terror . ... It all likely depends on many things going correctly in the minutes after the Mars Science Laboratory mission arrives at Mars and attempts to deploy the Curiosity rover from orbit. ... These "Seven Minutes of Terror" -- depicted in the above dramatic video -- will begin on Sunday, August 6 at about 5:24 am Universal time , which occurs on Saturday night, August 5 for western North America ns. ... Publications with keywords: Mars - landing . ...

Ground Support of RadioAstron . Control and Tracking Stations . RadioAstron satellite control (command transmission, telemetry, orbit measurements) will be conducted from Evpatoria and Bear Lake control stations. ... Coarse orbit measurements will be carried out from control stations. Each measurement takes ten minutes. ... Orbit measurements at tracking stations give only radial component of spacecraft velocity but the measurements are going continuously during observing sessions. ...

... Space flight . ... Space Hotel . ... The program of deployment of small orbital station (SOS) consisting of a family of spacecrafts and module-spacecrafts represents a consecutive realization of flight scenarios with consecutive building up of functions. ... Scenario 1 - the regular and revised spacecrafts of class "Soyuz" - TMSC and MNMSC (MNMSC-cargo, MNMSC-MR) are used, pls. see fig fig.8 . ... The terms of transition to this scenario are determined by terms of readiness of one or another module....

... Russian Academy of Sciences, Department of Physical Sciences , Project number . ... Bicrystal junction and heterostructures made of cuprate oxide material with strong correlated electrons will be investigated. ... DC, microwave and noise properties of the junction will be investigated. ... To investigate noise spectral density in oxide superconducting bicrystal junction. ... To develop new type of bicrystal junction with misorientation of c axes around the basic plane axes. ...

... Laboratory . ... webmaster@izmiran.ru . ... Thus, at low solar activity, the dynamics of the equatorial wall at high altitudes sharply differs from its dynamics at altitudes of the F2 layer. ... The revealed dependences of the MIT shape on longitude and hemisphere make it also possible to eliminate some contradictions between different studies based on different data sets. ... Thus, the problem of MIT shape variations with magnetic activity cannot be solved merely by averaging data. ...

Atmospheric transparency in the optical and near IR range above the Shatdzhatmaz summit O.Voziakova (Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Russia) Atmospheric extinction in the MASS spectral band Atmospheric transparency in near IR range Example of a good photometric night. ... Distribution of atmospheric extinction in MASS Median = 0.23 mag 1-st quartile = 0.20 3-d quartile = 0.27 mag Vertical green line represents theoretical Rayleigh extinction for Shatdzhatmaz (0.16 mag). ...

... FEATURES OF OBTAINED IMAGES All images obtained by the TESIS have a number of artifacts, i.e., the dark current, flat field, blurring (related to the feature of input shutters and CCD matrices of the equipment), and frame damage caused by the entry of cosmic particles. In addition, poor accuracy of the spacecraft stabilization leads to the fact that separately taken images of the Sun have a ran dom displacement and rotation relative to the CCD matrix. ... Methods of image recording of the TESIS. ...

... file but would like it to be automatically updated # again, run the following command: # sudo dpkg-reconfigure -phigh xserver-xorg Section Files EndSection Section InputDevice Identifier Generic Keyboard Driver kbd Option CoreKeyboard Option XkbRules xorg Option XkbModel pc105 Option XkbLayout us ...

... 5-GHz total flux density . ... 1.4 Jy . ... 0.960 * = the position has been determined to an accuracy of 10 mas from the VLBApls data . VLBApls image at 5 GHz . color gif | contour gif | ... Correlated flux density (Jy) vs. projected baseline length plot . gif | ... flux density (Jy) . EW position (mas) . ... major axis (mas) . minor axis (mas) . position angle ( ) . ... VLBApls reference: Fomalont et al. ... VLBApls home page . ...

... Home About Meade Product Information Dealer Locator Customer Support Investor Relations Dealer Support Employment Opportunities Site Map . Meade Instruments Corp. ... Meade Autostar Supplementary Software Downloads . ... To upgrade your Autostar first click on the link below to download the Autostar Update (ASU) Client Application for Windows. ... The most recent versions of AutoStar Update automatically check for the newest versions of the AutoStar Updater and download it if necessary. ...

... Comet Lovejoy (C/2013 R1) Movie ? November 30, 2013 . Comet Lovejoy moving past the stars of Bootes. 28 images x 120-second luminance subframes with autodark, Total= 1 hour. Orion Short Tube 90 mm achromatic refractor, SBIG ST-8300M monochrome CCD camera, No filters, Acquisition using CCDSoft, Calibration using Images Plus 3.82b, Jpeg conversion with CCD Stack, GIF movie using ULead GIF Animator. ... Copyright (c) Amateur Telescope Makers of Boston, Inc. ...

Flexible frame grabbing to PC over PCI bus from area & line scan cameras . ... Analog input up to 20 MHz and digital input up to 32 Mbytes/Sec. ... The LPG-132 will easily interface to virtually any analog or digital camera and provides lightning fast PCI transfers at an amazingly attractive price. The LPG-132 will interface with any camera or sensor at data rates up to 32 Mbytes/Sec. ... The LPG-132 comes in two configurations - one for analog input and the other for digital inputs. ...

... Exoplanets . ... Artists impression of the blue exoplanet. ... This exoplanet is located in the constellation of Vulpecula, the fox, a faint pattern inside the Summer Triangle.Т Т  This planet is a not too distant 63 light years away so has been studied by space-based telescopes.Т  Data collected from Hubbleт??s Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) when this planet moved behind its star showed that in the shadow of the star the light reflected from HD 189733b reduced into the blue part of the spectrum. ...

... We present a new method of the ionospheric irregularity investigation based on using of temporal structure function of the phase of the vertical sounding signal. ... Theoretical relation between structure functions of the phase variations and the irregularities can be obtained in the framework of a simple model of frozen irregularity horizontal drift. ... structure function ?? ... The irregularity structure function can be easily calculated if the irregularity spatial spectrum is known. ... Figure 1...

. Please enter the lightcurve FITS file name: . Lightcurve file: . Please note, the output dates are Barycentric-corrected Julian Dates expressed in Terrestial Time - BJD(TT). A similar FITS-to-ASCII lightcurve converter is available for SuperWASP data. If you have questions, bug reports or suggestions how to improve this service, please fell free to contact the author (Kirill Sokolovsky) via e-mail: kirx[at]scan.sai.msu.ru .

... I. Mean Surface Brightnesses and Integral Color Indices for Bars Gusev A.S. ================================================================================ Abstract: UBVRIJHK surface brightnesses and color indices of bars of galaxies are determined using surface photometry data for 100 barred galaxies (table1.dat). ... J0 Mean surface J0 brightness 46 A1 --- CI- CI sign 47 -50 F1.2 magn/sq.arcsec. U-B)0 (U-B)0 color index 52 -55 F1.2 magn/sq.arcsec. ...