Aristarch is Copernic of Classic World. ... First Aristarch determined the fact for how many times the Sun was father then the Moon and then he compared the Sun and the Moon with the Earth. ... Only the Moon rotates around the Earth. ... Gipparch suggested that the Sun turned around the Earth steady and in circumference but the Earth is displaced according its centre. ... The orbit point in which the Sun is nearer to the Earth Gipparch called perigee and the most remote one he called apogee . ...

About us . ... Telescopes . ... Apart from the 6-meter telescope BTA two small telescopes are operative at SAO: the 1-m and 0.6-m telescopes, both manufactured by Carl Zeiss, Jena, are located near the BTA. ... These telescopes are used for adjusting the equipment and techniques of observations used at the BTA. ... The observational time allocation and also a brief description of the equipment of the 1-m telescope, which is used either permanently or mainly on this telescope, are presented below. ...

... Spherical aberration, coma, and astigmatism are also easily observed using the star test. ... Off-axis images are complex. ... Fig. ... Diffraction by a circular aperture as a function of defocus for no aberration Airy Disk 1 wave defocus Less than 1 wave defocus Fig. ... Diffraction by a circular aperture as a function of defocus for third-order spherical aberration Paraxial Focus Small distance inside paraxial focus Moderate distance from marginal focus Immediate neighborhood of marginal focus Fig...

Subject of Geodesy. ... The Main Problems of Geodesy. ... The Main Parameters of the Terrestrial Ellipsoid, Ratios between Them. ... The Main Equations of Geodesic Line. ... Geodesic Station Coordinates Calculation on the Ellipsoid Surface. Primal and Inverse Geodesical Problems, Methods of Their Solution. ... Geodesical Coordinats Determination by Gauss-Kruger Coordinates. ... Methods of Synchronous Observations and Orbital Methods of Artificial Satellite Use for Coordinates Determination. ...

Winer Observatory P.O. Box 797, Sonoita, Arizona 85637-0797, USA . ... 2/3-m Telescope . ... Site . ... Commanding . ... In a typical robotic observing scenario, each afternoon, a telescope control computer obtains a set of objects to observe from its home institution from a command or script file. ... The file is then transferred to the telescope control computer at the Winer Observatory in Sonoita. ... The Iowa control computer then begins processing the telrun.sls file. ... 2013 Winer Observatory. ...

The efficiency of interaction of radiation with a particle and hence its optical properties depend on the particle chemical composition, size, shape, structure, etc. ... Particle size expressed in units of the wavelength of incident radiation, together with chemical composition, most strongly affects the optical properties of a scatterer. ... There are many methods to solve the light-scattering problem for a homogeneous spheroid (our survey of the light-scattering methods see here ). ...

... 13, Moscow 119992, Russian Federation, e-mail: busarev@sai.msu.ru; 2 Research Institute Crimean Astrophysical Observatory, p/o Nauchnyi, Crimea 334413, Ukraine, e-mail: prok@crao.crimea.ua Summary: We propose a combined method of astronomical investigations of small or distant planets incorporating registration of a set of integral spectra of an object and their frequency analysis. ... An application of the method is shown on example of asteroid 21 Lutetia. ... 6] Busarev V. V. (2002), Solar Sys. ...

Statistics of sunspot activity . The sunspot indices . ... Visual indices of solar activity . ... n - number of spot groups . A - Waldmeier class of unipolar spot groups without penumbra . B - class of bipolar spot groups without penumbra . C - class of bipolar spot groups with one penumbra pole . D - class of small bipolar spot groups with two penumbra poles . E - class of middle bipolar spot groups with two penumbra poles . ... H - class of unipolar penumbrated spot groups . ...

... Exposure Time Calculator (ETC) . ... ESO - Public Surveys . ... the recommended values to use for DIT, . ... Detector on-chip integration (DIT): seconds. to your chosen value - a separate page gives recommended values to use for DIT - for modes 1 and 2 below you may wish to start with the maximum recommended values as these will minimize the effect of read noise (a total object exposure of Y secs with DIT=X secs will produce Y/X lots of read noise) and give you a lower limit on the time needed. ...

Orbit . ... The orbit of the RadioAstron provides four types of study: . rough images of radio sources with ultra-high angular resolution, using all baselines up to the radius of the apogee, that is much larger than Earth diameter; . ... high quality imaging of radio sources, with moderate resolution, by observing either with small projected base lines Earth-spacecraft, i.e. close to the orbital plane, or near the perigee. ... high accuracy orbit determination. ... Space Radio Telescope . ...

ATMoB "Double Star Award " Guidelines Purpose: To promote observing among the membership of the Amateur Telescope Makers of Boston ­ in particular, double, triple, and multiple stars. Introduction: Double, triple, and multiple stars are the "Rodney Dangerfields" of the night sky. ... W hile they can be observed under a variety of sky conditions, double stars ­ especially close ones ­ are best viewed on nights when the seeing is steady. ... The direction from a star to Polaris is north. ...

... This year's eclipse is unique in duration. ... Although, at the present time, there are 6 solar observatories belonging to leading space agencies in orbit around the Earth, the eclipse of 22 July, 2009, will only be seen by two of them: the Russian CORONAS-PHOTON satellite equipped with TESIS telescopes and Japan's HINODE satellite fitted with an XRT space telescope. ... TESIS will be the first of the two devices (and the very first on Earth) to witness the solar eclipse. ...

Next: NICMOS/HST H-band (F160W) Images Up: NICMOS Science Previous: HST NICMOS Observations of . ... Observations of P . ... The NICMOS team has devised a comprehensive program of observations of the Galactic Center. ... Data in hand give a first look at variability and a detailed look at the search for the tip of the main sequence will be discussed where NICMOS has demonstrated adequate sensitivity and photometric precision to identify likely O8-B1 stars at the Galactic Center. ...

RTT150 . ... This search system is designed for generating the necessary information on series of pointings (observations of each source consist of sets of exposures with different filters and sometimes with different exposure times) for observed sources. Search results appear at the separate page as a table with the following data: . DATE - real (not evening!) observations date (in YYYY-MM-DD format); . ... Bin - minimal CCD binning mode (may vary during the observations); . ...

Shakht N.A., A.A.Afanas'eva, D.L. Gorshanov, E. V.Poliakow (Pulkovo Observatory, Russia): Title: Long-term photographic observations for selected objects of Pulkovo program: measurements and results. Abstract: The selected objects, observed at Pulkovo observatory during long time period have been of intense interest among astronomers, and now they are the most important aims for space investigations. ... Now we believe, that they also are interesting for observation during space mission Gaia. ...

... Appearance of the transequatorial microwave chain. (a) - Only some blobs and small chains are present near the complex of ARs 7496 and 7500 located westward from the transequatorial coronal hole observed with the Yohkoh/SXT (d) . b)-(c) - After the C2.1 soft X-ray LDE event , peaked on May 11 at 21:52 UT in AR 7500, a transequatorial microwave chain 1-2-3 is being developed (b) along the narrow part of the coronal hole (e,f) . ... Evolution of the microwave chains of May 11-12, 1993. ...

Computers become more and more popular nowadays. That means that the amount of people who are able to work with computer programmes and play computer games has increased. In many cases computer games are the only thing that a person is accustomed to. ... As a result of this epidemic "homo playing" may put on the isoreality helmet which makes a person, crazy about games, forget about food, slumber and all other components of real life: "homo playing" becomes isolated from community. ...

Stellarium 0.12.3 . ... StelCircleArcRenderer Class Reference . Provides functions to draw circle arcs using StelRenderer . ... drawGreatCircleArc (const Vec3d &start, const Vec3d &stop, const SphericalCap *clippingCap=NULL, void(*viewportEdgeIntersectCallback)(const Vec3d &screenPos, const Vec3d &direction, void *userData)=NULL, void *userData=NULL) . ... Create a circle arc renderer to draw multiple circle arcs . ... void(*)(const Vec3d &screenPos, const Vec3d &direction, void *userData)љ . ...

Lessons learned from the Thirty Meter Telescope site testing Tony Travouillon Sebastian Els, Angel Otarola, Reed Riddle, Matthias Schoeck, Warren Skidmore TMT.XXX.PRE.05.0XX.DRF01 1 Introduction TMT and its Site testing. Important choice before going on site. ... Considerations during analysis of the data. TMT.XXX.PRE.05.0XX.DRF01 2 Some Background about the TMT Site Testing TMT is a 30m, segmented, RitcheyChretien telescope design. ... ASCA Cloud Cover Analysis So how do we do it in practice? ...

... Skalnatґ Pleso 43, 1 ­ 2, (2014) e Mini-MegaTORTORA ­ multichannel system for wide-field optical monitoring with high temp oral resolution V. Sasyuk1 , G. Beskin2 , S. Karp ov2 , S. Bondar3 , A. Perkov3 , E. Ivanov3 , E. Katkova3 and A. Shearer4 2 Kazan Federal University, Russia Special Astrophysical Observatory of Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia 3 Insttitute for Precise Instrumentation, Russia 4 National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland Received: November 4, 2013; Accepted: ?? ...