... Glyn Moody charts this rapid transformation in his book Rebel Code: Linux and the Open Source Revolution and tells how chance and fortune combined with the Internet and the availability of cheap processing power to make the impossible pos-sible. ... Netscape taking its Communicator 5 browser open source made people sit up. ... Unix [and Linux] always had that from the start, so it made it perfect for the open source/free software methodology even though that hadn't been invented yet. ...

... ON THE ROLE OF LARGE-SCALE PLASMA IRREGULARITIES AT THE FINAL STAGE OF ANOMALOUS ABSOPTION DEVELOPING UNDER HF HEATING OF THE IONOSPHERE . ... Fig. ... With the aid of numerical statistical modeling based on multiple ray tracing it is shown that in presence of large-scale irregularities the reflected signal amplitude mean value is increased significantly. ... Dependence of the mean amplitude of the reflected from the ionosphere signal on the large-scale (10-50 km) electron density irregularity level...

... Alors qu'il y a moins d'un siцЁcle - c'ц©tait en 1923 -, l'astronome amц©ricain Edwin Hubble a dц©montrц© qu'il existe des galaxies extц©rieures ц  la nцґtre, en ц©tablissant la prц©sence d'ц©toiles dans la "nц©buleuse" d'AndromцЁde, nous en sommes aujourd'hui ц  nous demander ce qui "accц©lцЁre l'expansion de l'Univers". ... La premiцЁre suppose que l'Univers est rempli d'une mystц©rieuse ц©nergie sombre, qui contrebalancerait le freinage gravitationnel produit par toute la matiцЁre du cosmos. ...

... Corresponding authors will receive an e-mail with a PDF file of paged proof for checking and correction. The file can be read and edited using Adobe Acrobat Reader (version 9 and higher) which can be free downloaded via the Internet ( http://get.adobe.c om/reader/ ). ... You can use text correction tools to make corrections (after selecting the necessary text fragment). ... For users of Adobe Reader 9: . ... to insert text without replacing the existing text, use the "Insert text at cursor" tool. ...

TEMPERATURE OF REGOLITH IN COLD TRAPS ON THE MOON A.A. Berezhnoi Sternberg Astronomical Institute Moscow, Russia The hypothesis of the existence of the lunar ice in cold traps was stated in (Watson et al., ... Arnold, 1979) estimated the mean temperature on the surface of lunar cold traps as 40-90 K. We plotted the dependence of regolith mean temperature on depth for these two values of mean temperature on the surface (see figure 1). ... Arnold J.R. Ice in the lunar polar regions, J. Geophys. ...

... Space flight . Crew training . ... The principle of the existing reliability level of space engineering, and first of all, of rocket-launchers is laid into the milestone of the cosmonauts training (the successful launch of "Soyuz" space vehicle is close to 1, but it is less than 1), that causes a possible landing of space crews outside the regular landing site. ... However, search operations can be hampered by difficult meteorological and geographical conditions in the region of emergency landing. ...

Molniya Triplane Aircraft . At present NPO MOLNIYA is working not only in the space field but also on aircraft engineering. ... Considering this NPO MOLNIYA has chosen a "triplane" aerodynamic scheme stipulating in comparison with traditional schemes the essential increase of flying safety and fuel economy of its aircraft. The triplanes have advantages of canard and classical schemes, but are free from their faults. ... Molniya-1 . ... Heracles Triplane and Aerospace Systems . ...

NEWS FEDERATION rus ENCYCLOPEDIA rus HISTORY rus MIR STATION RUSSIAN . ... Cosmonauts. ... Space Science . ... New Mayor Of Baykonur: 'Problems Exist, But They Are Solvable' . Major General Aleksandr Mezentsev who was appointed new chief of city administration at Baykonur gave his first interview to Lyubov Osadchaya. Center Of Operations For Measurement Units Is Formed At Baykonur . This civilian enterprise, a unit of NPO IT, was formed on the basis of military tracking station IP-2. ...

... several mechanisms of sound generation by electromagnetic waves, all specific for low temperatures, were disclosed and studied (V.F.Gantmakher and V.T.Dolgopolov; see Sov.Phys.-JETP 30, 78 (1970); . ... it was demonstrated that quantum oscillations of conductivity in bismuth had smaller period near the crystal surface that in the bulk (S.S.Murzin and V.T.Dolgopolov, JETP Lett. 37, 696 (1983); . ... JETP 74, 905 (1992); 76, 714 (1993); 77, 513 (1993); 78, 226 (1994); 82, 951 (1996); JETP Lett. ...

... MEMORANDUM for Assistant Director for Administration . ... Establishment of the Manned Spacecraft Center - Houston Office . ... a. Securing necessary office, laboratory and shop space required in the Houston area. b. Representing the Manned Spacecraft Center in the Houston area with state and local officials, civic groups and representatives of other government agencies. c. Providing all administrative support services required by Manned Spacecraft Center personnel located at the Houston site. ...

Abstract -- Abundances of heavy elements decreases with increasing galactocentric distance almost in all disk galaxies. ... To explain this gradient in young objects and in the interstellar gas one has to assume that a typical disk galaxy is an open system, i.e. it expels some synthesized heavy elements into the circumgalactic space and/or accretes intergalactic gas with zero metallicity, with rates of both processes depending on the galactocentric distance. ...

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Обзоры hep-ph: тематический рубрикатор . ... Author: Robert Foot . ... Comments: Invited talk given to Dark 2002, Cape Town, Feb. 2002; 10 pages, LaTeX, 23 figures . ... Comments: 5 pages, revtex, 6 figures,Talk was presented at International Workshop on Topics in Astroparticle and Underground Physics (TAUP 2001), Date: September 8 - 12, 2001. hep-ph/0206250 . ... hep-ph/0206151 . ... Comments: 8 pages, revtex, 7 figures, Home Page of Heidelberg Non-Accelerator Particle Physics Group: this http URL . ...

University Satellites and . Space Science Education . ... The project of the scientific - educational small satellite for research of Earth upper atmosphere density . ... At the end of 80th years in Kuybishev aviation institute (nowadays the Samara State Aerospace University) has been developed the project of small spherical satellite " PION ", intended as for a calibration of ground resources of tracing behind space objects, and for refinement of density of upper atmosphere of the Earth. ...

. Dedicated to 40th anniversary of the . first artificial Earth satellite launch . Russian (Win) .

In the regular experiments carried out with the RAS radio telescopes at Pushchino during 1999-2002, the study of the radial dependence of scattering of compact natural radio sources was extended to remote regions of the solar plasma environment. ... The stream in the transalfvenic region displays the same typical radial structure as observed in the transonic region, i.e., the existence of a "precursor" - a narrow band of reduced scattering preceding a wide region of enhanced scattering. ...

. This is a new popup window - close it when you are done . Submitted by Paul Valleli on 06/16/2008 12:35:43 . Materials for 10X10 Obs. The existing concrete pad and pier are reused and a new building permit was not required . Logon to post a follow-up comment or review comments from others . Copyright (c) Amateur Telescope Makers of Boston, Inc. About Us Contact Us

... 1), 0.8­0.9. 2 70000 () 70000 () 60000 60000 50000 50000 40000 40000 30000 30000 20000 20000 10000 10000 0 0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 0 0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 70000 () 25000 20000 () 60000 50000 , 45 o 40000 15000 30000 10000 20000 5000 ... 1943­53 1954­64 1965­75 1975­86 1987-97 0.75 0.88 0.64 0.86 0.89 0.80 ­ 0.90 0.79 0.86 0.89 0.84 ­ 0.94 0.85 0.87 0.88 0.87 , - 1976­1997 . ... 0.8). - 1976­2001 ....

. Device parameters . Diagnostics . Team . Recent publications . Device history . Existing and retaired spherical tokamaks . Dr. Vasiliy Konstantinovich Gusev . Fax: (812) 297 5416 . Phone: (812) 2973973 . Last update: Octomber 03, 2012

Program "М ariner ": Research of Mars. ... Маriner-8" and "Маriner-9", started in 1971, were put into orbit around of Mars, in order to receive and transmit the information, including photos, during one month, instead of several days. ... Satellites of Mars Phobos and Damos there are less than moon. The nature of satellites of Mars remains not clear, but on photos "Маriner-9" it is possible to assume that either Phobos, or Damos are stone monoliths. ...