An Ancient Universe: How Astronomers Know the Vast Scale of Cosmic Time . ... INTRODUCTION . ... Based on their personal beliefs, they find fault not only with biological evolution, but also with modern astronomical ideas about the age, expansion, and evolution of the universe. ... An Ancient Universe - Table of Contents . ... The Ancient Universe - The Age of the Expanding Universe - The Age of the Oldest Stars - The Age of Light From Distant Galaxies - The Age of the Chemical Elements | ...

... Spectra obtained with the 6-m telescope of SAO RAS are used along with archival data from Spitzer and several ground-based telescopes to infer a strength of PAH emission, age, properties of the UV radiation field, and metallicity of studied HII complexes. Physical properties (age, radiation field parameters, metallicity) are related to the F 8 /F 24 ratio used as a proxy for the PAH abundance in order to reveal factors that may influence the PAH evolution in HII complexes. ... Projects | ...

... 2 Magnetic Field . ... A magnetized bar has its power concentrated at two ends, its poles ; they are known as its north (N) and south (S) poles, because if the bar is hung by its middle from a string, its N end tends to point northwards and its S end southwards. ... That flow became known as an electric current . ... An electric current produced a magnetic force! ... The fundamental nature of magnetism was not associated with magnetic poles or iron magnets, but with electric currents . ...

JSC History . ... NASA History . ... White Sands Space Harbor . ... Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) Level II Documentation . From 1976 to 2011, NASA has operated and managed the White Sands Space Harbor (WSSH) for astronaut training operations and as an alternate landing facility for the Space Shuttle Program (SSP). ... White Sands Space Harbor HAER Level II documentation (complete - 20.6 MB) . White Sands Space Harbor HAER Level II documentation (individul sections) . ...

... Hierarchy and stability 3. Stability criteria for triple systems 4. ... The results for selected systems with weak hierarchy (physical properties of components) System HD 40887 AB+CD HD 76644 AB+CD HD 217675 AB+CD HD 222326 A?+BC HD 284419 A+BC Spectral types K5V, M0V, K4V, ?? ... More accurate results for selected systems HD 217675/6 ( And) Quadruple system More accurate results for selected systems HD 217675/6 Pair B1B 2 More accurate results for selected systems HD 217675/6 (Zhuchkov et al. ...

Russian SHAREABLE DATA CENTER Institute of Solar-Terrestial Physics SB RAS . ... To improve the quality of ionograms and to carry out on automatic ionogram processing we have developed a special software, which can be arbitraly devided into the following main parts: . ... Ionogram processing software on the basis of image processing; . Interactive ionogram processing software. ... Here we present ionogram samples for different kinds of chirp sounding . ... Capabilities and samples | ...

Pulsar - the neutrone star. ... Its physical properties are greatly changed. ... Naturally after the discovery of pulsar connection with the remains of the supernew star outbursts it was supposed that the pulsars and the neutron stars are the same objects. ... In the external layer of a neutron star, where the substance dense is not so great to break the cores; they may from the hard chip structure, which at the pulsar rotation decreasing is broken the starquake. ...

Bizyaev D., "The Argument Against Long Extragagalactic Distance Scale", Astron. ... Soviet Astronomy) 1997. ... Zasov A., Bizyaev D., "An Estimate of the Hubble Constant using a Criterion for Gravitational Stability of Gaseous Discs", Pis'ma v Astron. ... 1996. ... D.Bizyaev, "Types of galaxies", 1996, Zvezdochet, No 11, p.22 (in Russian) . D.Bizyaev, "The Hubble Constant", 1996, Zvezdochet, No 2, p.20 (in Russian) . D.Bizyaev, "Magellanic Clouds", 1995, Zvezdochet, No 6, p.12. (in Russian) . ...

SOLAR POLARIZATION 5 ASP Conference Series, Vol. 405, c 2009 S. V. Berdyugina, K. N. Nagendra, and R. Ramel li, eds. Fine-scale Sto chastic Structure of Solar Magnetic Fields V. Chertoprud, B. Ioshpa, and V. Obridko Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Troitsk, Moscow Region, 142190 Russia Abstract. ... The exponent H is 0.5­0.7 for the active region magnetic fields and 0.1 for the background field. ...

Astronomy Picture of the Day . ... Consider this "star in a box". Of course, the box is actually a computational box consisting of a three dimensional grid of points, and the star is a virtual one whose physical properties and internal dynamics are numerically simulated at the points on the grid. ... This picture is a movie frame from a recent numerical simulation of a supergiant star with properties intended to approximate the real star Betelgeuse . ... U. Based on Astronomy Picture Of the Day . ...

11 august 2014/Monday: Arriving, Registration . ... The variation of solar flare coronal X-ray source spatial properties. ... Melnikov V.F., Charikov Yu.E., Kudriavtsev I.V. Directivity of X-ray and gamma-ray emission from different parts of flaring magnetic loops. ... E., Melnikov V.F. Angular characteristics of polarization degree of hard X-ray emission from different parts of flaring magnetic loops. ... The thick target model and analytical calculations of the hard X-ray emission from solar flares. ...

BIBO BIBO (BiB3O6) is a newly developed nonlinear optical (NLO) crystal, which has excellent characteristics for nonlinear optical applications. ... BIBO's effective SHG coefficient is about 9 times that of KTP. ... 63% 33% 47% 2370-A Qume Drive, San Jose, CA 95131, Tel: (408) 436-5558, Fax: (408) 436-5557 http://www.forealspectrum.com email: sales@forealspectrum.com BIBONLO, Rev 1.2, 2/13/2006, Page 1/2 BIBO BIBO Applications SHG and THG of middle and high power Nd doped lasers at 1064nm. ...

... Solar Physics,- 1991, - v. 135. Лубышев Б.И. , Смольков Г.Я. Результаты совместных наблюдений на ССРТ и РАТАН-600. ... Баландин А.Л., Кузнецова С.М., Обухов А.Г., Смольков Г.Я. Синтез радиоизображений Солнца при наблюдениях с ножевой диаграммой направленности. ... The Dynamics of Active region in microwave emission Proceedings of Symposium in Nobeyama Radioheliograph (26-28 Nov. ... The inversion of sign of the circular polarization of active region microwave emission t 5.2 cm wavelength. ...

... astro-ph . ... Statistical Characterization of the Chandra Source Catalog . ... The first release of the Chandra Source Catalog (CSC) contains ~95,000 X-ray sources in a total area of ~0.75% of the entire sky, using data from ~3,900 separate ACIS observations of a multitude of different types of X-ray sources. ... In addition to these traditional catalog elements, for each X-ray source the CSC includes an extensive set of file-based data products that can be manipulated interactively. ...

... We show the analysis of low-hard and intermediate states of sources XTE J1550-564, H 1743-322, GX 339-4, XTE J1859-226, XTE J1650-500 and GRS 1915+105. ... Directly applying the scaling technique we also obtain that a ratio of the BH masses in XTE J1859-226 and in XTE J1550-564 is , and the corresponding ratio for XTE J1650-500 and XTE J1550-564 is . These values of scaling factors r implies that BH masses are ; solar masses in XTE J1859-226 and XTE J1650-500 respectively. ...

. Two neighboring stars did not pass each other without incident early in their lives. More than 4 billion years ago, our Sun got into a property battle with a wandering star. Each star ran off with some of the other's dust and debris. A mixture of indigenous and captured material resulted from the stellar squabble. University of Utah and Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory

... All the galaxies are divided into 4 groups depending on the environment type; every subsample contains more than 10 galaxies. ... An effect of environments is seen both for the nuclei and for the bulges: if we consider the clusters (Virgo and Ursa Ma jor) and group centers as dense environments and the field and group periphery as sparse environments, then in the dense environments the stellar populations of S0s are in average older by 4­5 Gyr than in the sparse ones. ...

The main task of the multimedia lectures "Life of the Earth in the Solar Atmosphere" is to introduce wide range of users to the basic physical characteristics of the Earth, the near-Earth space and the Sun, which mainly forms the properties of the mentioned objects and is responsible for their variations (so-called "space weather"). ... Middle atmosphere of the Earth. ... Radiowaves' passing and spreading in the Earth atmosphere. ... Space radiation passing through the Earth atmosphere. ...

Plasma models and main parameters. ... Magnetic diffusion. ... Double- adiabatic invariants for a plasma in strong magnetic field. One- fluid MHD. ... Frozen-in properties of magnetic field in plasma. ... Force- free magnetic field configurations. ... Dispersion of plasma waves in linear theory. ... Waves in non- magnetic plasma. ... Electromagnetic waves in plasma. ... Dispersion relation for waves in cold magnetized plasma. ... High- frequency electromagnetic waves in cold magnetized plasma. ...

... Mishchenko M.I., Dlugach Zh.M., Zakharova N.T. Direct demonstration of the concept of unrestricted effective-medium approximation. ... Dlugach J.M., Mishchenko M.I. Effects of nonsphericity on the behavior of Lorenz-Mie resonances in scattering characteristics of liquid-cloud droplets. ... Mishchenko M.I., Dlugach J.M., Yanovitskij E.G. Multiple light scattering by polydispersions of randomly distributed, perfectly-aligned, infinite Mie cylinders illuminated perpendicularly to their axes. ...