spaceweb@oulu.fi - last update: 28 May 1995, 0800 UT . Advanced plasma theories are extremely important when one tries to explain, for example, the various waves and instabilities found in the plasma environment. ... In the kinetic theory it is necessary to know only the distribution function for the system of particles. ... The dependence of the distribution function on the independent variables r , v , and t is governed by an equation known as the Boltzmann equation . ... Hot plasma theory . ...

TOOLS OF TEST GENERATION FOR SATELLITES CONTROL PROGRAMS Andrey Tyugashev, Ekaterina Myasnikova, Elena Sopchenko S.P. Korolyov Samara State Aerospace University (National Reseach University) The paper presents a research in the field of test automation for testing spacecraft control programs. ... Programmers or designers of spacecraft systems write tests manually. ... Tests are carried out by issuing the control actions on the spacecraft and condition monitoring systems parameters of the spacecraft. ...

... The Military Aspects of the Soviet Cosmonautics : A Side View . This book is the first effort in an unclassified Soviet publications to provide a comprehensive overview of the Soviet military space program. Presented here are the classification of the military space systems by functions performed (Chapter 1), the analysis of the organizational evolution of the Soviet space program (Chapter 2) and the description of all observable satellite systems of military or double destination (Chapter 3). ...

SPECTRUM ANALYZER OF MAGNETIC PHENOMENA SAMW . Spectrum analyzer allows onboard computation of electromagnetic waves spectra registered (observed) in the ionosphere and magnetosphere in the ELF/VLF frequency band. ... It consists of magnetic antenna, preamplifier, 16 bit sigma delta AD converter, DSP processor and telemetry interface. ... The channels of lower frequencies are averaged and transmitted with lower repetition rate so the telemetry volume is reduced. ... Dynamic range: 90 dB . ...

... Space flight . ... Space Hotel . ... The program of deployment of small orbital station (SOS) consisting of a family of spacecrafts and module-spacecrafts represents a consecutive realization of flight scenarios with consecutive building up of functions. ... Scenario 1 - the regular and revised spacecrafts of class "Soyuz" - TMSC and MNMSC (MNMSC-cargo, MNMSC-MR) are used, pls. see fig fig.8 . ... The terms of transition to this scenario are determined by terms of readiness of one or another module....

. This schematic diagram shows how scientists think the universe has evolved from the Big Bang to the present day. Data from the UKIRT, VLT, and Subaru observatories allowed astronomers to take four precise and comparable snapshots of the universe when it was, 2, 4, 6 and 9 billion years old, each containing hundreds of star-forming galaxies. By comparing the different snapshots, astronomers were able to accurately track what has changed over the past 11 billion years. // illustration by CXC/NASA/NOAO/KIPAC

A methodical and didactical complex "Sign Language" . ... ABSTRACT The process of communication of the deaf includes the wide use of the sign language. ... The aim of this work is to develop a tool that should facilitate process of sign language teaching and also give to the trainee a means for independent study of various normative variants of sign language - for example, Russian, English, International and so on. ... The process of dialogue of the deaf people includes wide use of sign languages. ...

... Satellite data ] . SMIS ] . SMIS PUBLICATIONS . ... M. Andrrev, V. Efremov, M. Gostev, G. Dmitriev, Yu.S. Krasheninnikova , E. Loupian , A. Mazurov , R. Nazirov , A. Proshin , E. Flitman A System for Operational Remote Access to Archives of Data from Russian Earth-Observation Satellite Systems . The paper is devoted to general information system architecture, developed at IKI RAN for building information systems for access to satellite data and derived products. ... Preprint IKI RAS. ...

... The Science Operation Department is composed of Astronomers, Telescope Instruments Operators(TIOs) and Data Handling Administrators(DHAs). ... Astronomers have proposed several methods to quantitatively measure the amount of turbulence above the telescope, which the most common ones is Differential Image Motion Monitor (DIMM). In optical testing, the Hartmann test is the common method to test the quality of optical components. ... Hartmann mask consists of 48 lenses. ...

JSC History . ... The Archive database can be searched only to the folder level. ... The Archive database is the hard copy History Office archival guide pages. ... Note: the number of pages in the search results depends on how many records containing the search criteria are returned combined with the number of records per page requested in the 'Max Page" box (default is 100). ... Reset - removes all check marks made to the select boxes (to the left of the Record Number) on the search results page. ...

LARGE-SCALE CHAINS IN THE GLOBAL SOLAR MAGNETOSPHERE: . ... By data of the Nobeyama Radioheliograph, Yohkoh/SXT, SOHO/EIT, and TRACE) . ... SOME EXAMPLES (IMAGES AND MOVIES) . ... SOHO/EIT AND YOHKOH/SXT CHAINS . ... SOHO/EIT AND TRACE CHAINS . ... Please note that practically all modified Nobeyama, SOHO/EIT, Yohkoh/SXT, and TRACE images are presented here in the grey scale, inverted (negative) form, i.e. the bright sources look as dark, and the absorption features looks as white ones. ...

Symbolic circuit-matrix processor and evaluator . ... This software is reliable over the range of benchmark circuit complexity (both *.CIR and *.MAT file). ... SYMBOL is a symbolic-algebra package which in contrast to REDUCE, MACSYMA, MAPLE, MATHEMATICA, MathLAB, MathCAD and other known multi-purpose systems is especially intended for analysis of any lumped, linear, time-invariant circuit. ... pure ASCII text . ... CIRSYM - SYMbolic CIRcuit processor used to format ASCII text file *.out for CALCSYM. ...

The Form validation script is distributed free from JavaScript-Coder.com . ... When there are many fields in the form, the JavaScript validation becomes too complex. ... Each field in the form can have 0, 1, or more validations. ... Just after defining your form, Create a form validator object passing the name of the form . ... FORM> . ... You can add any number of validations.The list of validation descriptors are provided at the end of the documentation. ... option value="" selected>[choose yours] . ...

MATHEMATICAL MODELING: . ... This model is developed on the base of the probabilistic description of the collisional aeronomical processes and is realized on a computer as the numerical system (stochastic model). ... Shematovich, V.I., Bisikalo , D.V.             Nonequilibrium processes in the planetary and cometary atmospheres. ... In Russian) . ... Piarnpuu , A. A.; and Shematovich, V. I.       Construction of structural stochastic models of collision processes in rarefied gas media (abstract) . ...

Astronomy Picture of the Day . ... Earth is the only planet in the Solar System where the present surface temperature and pressure allow the three forms of water, solid (ice), liquid (ocean), and gas (water vapor condensing in clouds) to exist simultaneously. ... M83: A Barred Spiral Galaxy . ... M83 is a member of the Centaurus group of galaxies, a nearby group dominated by the massive galaxy Centaurus A. It takes light about 15 million years to reach us from M83. ... Bright Comet SOHO . ...

... VaST is a software tool for finding variable objects on a series of astronomical images. ... VaST performs object detection and aperture photometry using SExtractor on each image, cross-matches lists of detected stars, performs magnitude calibration with respect to the first (reference) image and constructs a lightcurve for each object. ... VaST FITS image viewer ./pgfv . ... Part I" PZP, vol. ... K. V. Sokolovsky, S. A. Korotkiy; "New Variable Stars Discovered by the NMW Survey" PZP, vol. ...