... Spherical aberration, coma, and astigmatism are also easily observed using the star test. ... Off-axis images are complex. ... Fig. ... Diffraction by a circular aperture as a function of defocus for no aberration Airy Disk 1 wave defocus Less than 1 wave defocus Fig. ... Diffraction by a circular aperture as a function of defocus for third-order spherical aberration Paraxial Focus Small distance inside paraxial focus Moderate distance from marginal focus Immediate neighborhood of marginal focus Fig...

... SUPER RATIO . ... On this page I will present the most important (on my opinion) idea on Intellegence Life in the Universe . ... On the problem of the Super Ratio in astrophysics" . ... As a matter of fact, this is the main problem of the modern natural science. ... Here I shall try to speak about the most important problem of the modern natural science, the problem which is undoubtedly, of more importance than discovery of Blacks Holes, creation of Grand Unification Theory or Artificial...

... Moon Phase below . ... ARTICLE: Why the moon always shows us the same face . ... Before you continue reading, you should know that this was not always the case, i.e. the Moon once was rotating with respect to the Earth, so that on every night a terrestrial observer (if there was one, because this was long, long before mankind appeared on our planet, and even before any major animals had appeared) saw another face of the Moon. ... Figure 1 (not to scale) shows how we can imagine the system Earth-Moon...

... Astronomy and Astronomy Education). http://www.m31.spb.ru/ - "M31" (Astronomy and Astronautics). http://shuserg.chat.ru/ - "Deep Sky and Comets", Amateur Astronomy Web Site. http://www.starlab.ru/ - "StarLab" , Amateur Astronomy Web Site. http://www.astronet.ru:8101/ - "Russian Astronomy Web". http://s985.chat.ru/Index.html - "Астроклуб"- Astro Site for Beginners. http://pages.yahoo.com/nhp?h=science/astronomy/ - Yahoo! GeoCities Astronomy. TELESCOPE MAKING . ... The ATM Web Site. ...

International Workshop NAROO-GAIA "A new reduction of old observations in the Gaia era", Paris Observatory, June 20-22, 2012 Registration of participants of Workshop NAROO-GAIA Before the first meeting OPENING OF THE WORKSHOP The natural planetary satellites are observed since centuries in order to understand their dynamics and their evolution. ... Science results, reports, data mining. ... L. Beauvalet: Strong need of a new reduction of Pluto's old observations W.Thuillot: very important. ...

... Space activity at the beginning of XXI-st Century view from inside G.M.Chernyavskiy STC for Earth Space monitoring of FSUE , Russia 1. The systemic approach in astronautics Everyone who has linked his life with astronautics and those who are interested in the future of the inhabitancy medium and its expansion up to cosmic scales, are troubled about the current state and development of space activity in the World and in the Native Land of the first artificial Earth satellite (AES). ...

Statistics of sunspot activity . ... The solar regions . ... The description of the solar regions . ... The growing bipolar group had appeared at the tenth parallel of the Southern hemisphere 30.04.04, to the West from the central meridian. ... The sunspot with perceptible symmetrical penumbra was observed at the mid latitudes of the Southern hemisphere since 11.11 to 23.11.04. ... The small bipolar group was observed at the tenth parallel of the Southern hemisphere since 16.11 to 20.11.04. ...

The 2dF QSO Redshift Survey (2QZ) . ... Before jumping into all the finer details of teh survey, a brief non-astronomer's guide to redshift surveys is available. ... The primary scientific aims of the QSO survey are: (1) to obtain the primordial fluctuation power spectrum out to COBE scales, (2) to determine the rate of QSO clustering evolution in the non-linear and linear regimes and hence obtain new limits on the value of and the bias parameter, (3) to apply a powerful geometric method to measure . ...

... VaST is a software tool for finding variable objects on a series of astronomical images. ... VaST performs object detection and aperture photometry using SExtractor on each image, cross-matches lists of detected stars, performs magnitude calibration with respect to the first (reference) image and constructs a lightcurve for each object. ... VaST FITS image viewer ./pgfv . ... Part I" PZP, vol. ... K. V. Sokolovsky, S. A. Korotkiy; "New Variable Stars Discovered by the NMW Survey" PZP, vol. ...