Introduction to PLASMA ASTROPHYSICS (Selected 10 lectures) Boris V. Somov Astronomical Institute and Faculty of Physics Moscow State University Pushino-na-Oke, 2008 Contents Ab out These Lectures 1 Particles and Fields: Exact Self-Consistent Description 1.1 Liouville's theorem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.1 Continuity in phase space . . . . . . . . . 1.1.2 The character of particle interactions 1.1.3 The Lorentz force, gravity . . . . . . . . . 1.1.4 Collisional friction . . . . . . . . . . . .

... It is consonant with the wording of Isaiah speaking of the 'Hidden God' hidden even in the beginning of the universe .. ... Georges Lemeiter / . If the world has begun with a single quantum, the notions of space and would altogether fail to have any meaning at the beginning; they would only begin to have a sensible meaning when the original quantum had been divided into a sufficient number of quanta. ... Жорж Леметр , Бельгийский католический священник, астроном и математик. ... Путин [28] . ...

... Even though the DoD would ultimately select senior Air Force officials, US Navy oceanographers and Air Weather Service officers as shuttle payload specialists, MSEs would be the first personnel from an American military programme to go into space. ... One Air Force officer, Maj. ... Jacobson was concerned about shuttle launch delays and wanted the MSEs to understand that his mission, i.e., the launch of national security payloads, dwarfed their mission, flights in space by Air Force personnel. ...

... Fifteen years ago, on February 20, 1986 the launching of the Core Block marked the beginning of the Mir Orbital Station construction. Currently the Mir Station consists of 6 modules. ... The Mir Station total mass is near 130 tons. ... For sinking unburned Mir Station fragments after reentering atmosphere a Southern Pacific Ocean area limited by the following point coordinates: 53 њ S, 175 њ W; 23 њ S, 175 њ W; 23 њ S, 132 њ W; 30 њ S, 127 њ W; 30 њ S, 90 њ W; 53 њ S, 90 њ W is choosen. ...

Нептун - сердце морского гиганта . ... Фотографии . ... Кольца Нептуна . ... Эти объекты были названы дугами (или арками), и их стали считать участками несформировавшегося кольца. ... КОЛЬЦА НЕПТУНА . ... На фотографии запечатлено внешнее кольцо 1989 N1R (Адамс, расстояние 63 000 км) с дугами и кольцо 1989 N2R (Леверье, расстояние 53 000 км). ... Кольцо Адамс , 1989 N1R Adams - относительно узкое (около 50 км) и самое внешнее кольцо, расположено в 62 930 км от центра Нептуна, содержит 5 дужек/арок; . ...

... A nasty dispute between the Strategic Defense Initiative Organization (SDIO) and the space-science community was narrowly averted early this year when SDI officials backed down on a planned launch of a satellite with a Russian-built nuclear reactor on board. ... Early Soviet space reactors orbited for two to three months, and two Soviet Topaz 1 experiments, one for six and one 12 months, created radiation belts that disrupted the operation of scientific satellites. ...

The paper presents the 'Neptune-ME' information display system (IDS) as a spaceman console (SC) of the descent module of the 'Soyuz -TMA' piloted transport spaceship, and the integrated console (IC) of manual control loop for module equipment in the Russian segment of the 'Alpha' international space station. ... to control spaceship systems; . ... An integrated control console (ICC) which is hardware and software compatible with a IBM PC, is suggested as a basic console for the manual control loop. ...

... Space activity at the beginning of XXI-st Century view from inside G.M.Chernyavskiy STC for Earth Space monitoring of FSUE , Russia 1. The systemic approach in astronautics Everyone who has linked his life with astronautics and those who are interested in the future of the inhabitancy medium and its expansion up to cosmic scales, are troubled about the current state and development of space activity in the World and in the Native Land of the first artificial Earth satellite (AES). ...

... The recurrent bipolar pores were observed at the middle latitudes of the Southern hemisphere since 27.04 to 7.05. ... The fine bipolar sunspots were observed at the middle latitudes of the Northern hemisphere since 31.05 to 5.06. ... The fine bipolar sunspots were observed at the middle latitudes of the Northern hemisphere since 24.06 to 28.06, in the Western part of the Sun disc. ... The fine bipolar sunspots were observed since 18.07 to 25.07 at the 25th parallel of the Northern hemisphere. ...

... Our scientific interest is an accuracy of asteroid CCD observations obtained by amateurs and professional astronomers all over in the World. ... These data help us to analyse an accuracy of real CCD positions in the MPC Database. ... Do you test your observations of the small Solar System bodies permanently before sending them to the International Minor Planets' Center? ... Do you know a real accuracy of your positional CCD-observations in comparison with the other observatories' one ? ...

SETI . ... 1.1 4 в 109 [1] Homo (4 - 5) в 106 [2]. ... Homo sapiens - , . ... Homo. 7. ­ (2 - 1, 5) в 106 [21]. ... Homo erecrus. 9. ­ 0, 4 в 106 [23]. Homo - - Homo erectus. ... 1981 [30]. . ... R (T ) (Star Formation Rate, SFR). ... B (M , ) LC ( ), , , 39 Number of civilizations Self-consistent origin of life 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 00 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Post transition civilizations Uniform single-planets origin of life 16 18 20 22 Time, Gyr . ... Lexington Bo oks, 2003. ... 2001. ...