Cosmic Research, Vol. 42, No. 5, 2004, pp. 435­488. Translated from Kosmicheskie Issledovaniya, Vol. 42, No. 5, 2004, pp. 453­508. Original Russian Text Copyright © 2004 by Veselovsky, Panasyuk, Avdyushin, Bazilevskaya, Belov, Bogachev, Bogod, Bogomolov, Bothmer, Boyarchuk, Vashenyuk, Vlasov, Gnezdilov, Gorgutsa, Grechnev, Denisov, Dmitriev, Dryer, Yermolaev, Eroshenko, Zherebtsov, Zhitnik, Zhukov, Zastenker, Zelenyi, Zeldovich, Ivanov-Kholodnyi, Ignat'ev, Ishkov, Kolomiytsev, Krasheninnikov, Kudela,

... Тhis new concept touches our simple lives, yet for those intrigued by the natural sciences, especially experts deeply engaged in the 'eternal' questions of general geology and astronomy, it is all the more fascinating. The problems to be faced by any theory for the formation of the Solar System . Any theory has to account for certain rather tricky facts about the Solar System. These are in addition to the obvious facts that the Sun is at the centre with the planets in orbit around it. ...

In 1848 the Swiss astronomer Johann Rudolph Wolf introduced a daily measure- ment of sunspot number. His method, which is still used today, counts the total number of spots visible on the face of the sun and the number of groups into which they cluster, because neither quantity alone satisfactorily meas- ures sunspot activity. An observer computes a daily sunspot number by multiplying the number of groups he sees by ten and then adding this product to his total count of in- dividual spots. ...

... The authors compare different standpoints on historical process of ethnoses emerging and developing on the area of Ancient Russ and Great Steep: a) the concept of M.Adgi ("panturkism"), Turks ethnos was prevailing on the area; b) the concept of G.V. Nosovskiy and A.T. Fomenko ("paslavyaism"), the Slav ethnos was prevailing on the area; the concept of L.Gumilyev ("passionarnost" theory), the ethnoses were living together without dominating one over the other. ...

The possibility of recovery of the vertical distribution of the magnetic field in umbrae by line width differences S.G. Mozharovsky Ussuriysk Astrophysical Observatory of FEB RAS, Ussuriysk, Russia sw@newmail.ru Abstract. This article studies the possibility of recovery of the vertical distribution of the magnetic field in the photospheric layers of sunspot umbra by the Difference of the Line profile Absolute Widths of neutral zirconium ? ... 2) Line profiles for cold models have extended wings. ...

... 000, 1­13 (2010) Printed 21 September 2011 A (MN L TEX style file v2.2) A universal ultraviolet-optical colour­colour­magnitude relation of galaxies I1gor V. Chilingarian1,2, and Ivan Yu. ... Received 2011 Sep 15; in original form 2011 Feb 6 ABSTRACT The bimodal galaxy distribution in the optical colour­magnitude diagram (CMD) comprises a narrow "red sequence" populated mostly by early-type galaxies and a broad "blue cloud" dominated by star-forming systems. ...

... GCR and SCR are primary cosmic rays. 10-15 years after the discovery of cosmic radiation (1919) there emerged two main avenues of investigation in the physics of cosmic rays (CR): 1) nuclear - elucidation of the origin of elementary particles and nuclear interactions; and 2) astrophysical (space physics) - solution of the problem related to the origin and variations (changes in intensity) of CR. ... Besides, the CR flux in interplanetary space is, strictly speaking, not isotropic. ...

... A rough estimation is that in the United States there is one planetarium per 100,000 population, ranging in size from the Hayden Planetarium's 20-meter dome seating 430 people, to three-meter inflatable portable domes where children sit on the floor. ... Together dblo associates make a huge impact in the architecture, interior design and development arena in London. ... With the holidays around the corner what better way to spoil your family than with your very own private home cinema. ...

... Even though the DoD would ultimately select senior Air Force officials, US Navy oceanographers and Air Weather Service officers as shuttle payload specialists, MSEs would be the first personnel from an American military programme to go into space. ... One Air Force officer, Maj. ... Jacobson was concerned about shuttle launch delays and wanted the MSEs to understand that his mission, i.e., the launch of national security payloads, dwarfed their mission, flights in space by Air Force personnel. ...

The low aspect ratio, or spherical tokamak Globus-M [1] has recently been built in a support of international spherical tokamak plasma investigation program. ... The survey to determine the work scope in diagnostic design for Globus-M is given in the paper. ... The next one is an advanced diagnostic set intended to supply the data on basic plasma parameters: electron temperature and density profiles, ion temperature, plasma composition, radiation profile, Zeffective. ... Magnetic Diagnostics. ...