... Assured of a reliable method of solving the normal equations, we now consider the equations of condition. The observed magnitude m of a star at M air masses with true instrumental magnitude is modelled as ([ 10 ], [ 28 ]) . ... The effective extinction coefficient depends on the effective spectral gradient [ 29 ] of the star, for which we use some color index, affected by half the atmospheric reddening ([ 26 ], [ 10 ]): . ... Thus, for the B band of UBV, we use the (U-V) color. ...

... Science Users Information > Observing with ESO Telescopes > Phase 2 Preparation > Observing conditions . ... Service Mode Philosophy . ... The following definitions of the observing conditions are common between Phase 1 preparation and Phase 2 preparation, as well as between Service Mode and Visitor Mode observations. ... There are additional Service Mode Policies and Service Mode Guidelines regarding the observing conditions. ... Seeing (Phase 1) and Image quality (Phase2) constraints . ... Moon . ...

The potential of masers to act as probes of their environment has long been recognised, but to date has proven very difficult to realise. ... 2001, Sutton et al. 2001). Masers are variable on timescales of weeks to months and one of the major limitations in previous attempts at multi-transition analysis has been the uncertainties introduced by combining observations made over many years using a variety of instruments with differing spectral and spatial resolutions and polarisation properties. ...

Plans are under way to create a new way of performing non-interactive observations which will be called auto-observing . ... Non-interactive observing with CIMA has for a long time been available with the use of CIMA command files. Contrary to normal command file observing which requires a command file with a set of commands to be executed sequentially, auto-observing will use a list of sources and a list of instructions on how to observe each of the sources. ...

... In order to compare the number of different evolutionary stages obtained and X-ray luminosity of the chosen X-ray sources with the observed galactic values we use the sum of C/O+O/C , where C and O are the calculated and observed values of a given binary type, respectively. If we make comparison for a number of different binary species (for example, we compare the number of CV, number of X-ray pulsars,   total X-ray luminosity of LMXB, etc.), we write this criterion in the form: . ...

Next: Radial velocity of the Up: Optical spectrum of IRAS04296 Previous: Observations and spectra reduction . ... However, molecular emission features are only very rarely observed in the optical spectra of PPNe. ... On the other hand, it is well known that cometary nuclei spectra show prominent Swan band emission. In both spectra of IRAS04296 we have discovered strong emission in the (0;0) and (0;1) bands of the Swan system of the molecule. ... Now consider the case of IRAS04296. ...

... Kashyap, V., Drake, J., Smith, R., & Wargelin, B., 2014, 15 Years of Science with Chandra Symposium, Spectrum Ultimum Capellae: XV Years of Chandra Observations of Capella . ... Kashyap, V.L., Connors, A., Drake, J., Lee, T., Posson-Brown, J., Saar, S., Scargle, J., van Dyk, D., & Wong, R., 2014, AAS/HEAD 14, 119.05 TANAGRA: Timing Analysis of Grating Data . ... Audard, M., G del, M., Drake, J.J., & Kashyap, V.L., 2000, ApJ, 541, 396 . Audard, M., G del, M., & Guinan, E.F., 1999, ApJ, 513, L53 . ...

... Chapter 4: Solar System Targets > 4.4 Observing Windows [Windows] . ... 4.4.1 Default Target Windows . ... In general, ?windows? which define when the target is visible to HST need not be explicitly identified, since these windows will be calculated by the STScI. ... If the target is a surface feature on a body, the times when the feature is within the field of view of the HST (i.e. the feature is on that part of the body ?facing? ... radial velocity of one body relative to another in km/sec . ...

Crater Gassendi . ... I made this drawing was made on the 26th of november 2001. If you compare this one with the previous drawing of Gassendi (below) the differences are clear. ... This drawing was made on the 28th of september 2001. After nearly a full month without observations I had a one hour gap between the thicker clouds. ... This drawing was made on the 29th of august 2001. ... This drawing was made on the 27th of august 2001. ... This drawing was made on the 25th of august 2001. ...

... the time of observation . ... Observing the Changing Position of the Sun To Establish Cardinal Directions . ... Observations of the Sun's apparent movement across the sky and its pattern of rising and setting in the east and west horizon helped to establish the cardinal directions. ... The final stage of the Sun's return was marked by the observation that the Sun had reached its highest altitude when the full width of your mitted hand could fill the gap between the Sun and the horizon. ...

... ARC 3.5m | Weather Closure Conditions . The enclosure will be closed by the Observing Specialist under the following conditions. ... This policy will be consulted whenever there are questions or disagreements concerning closure of the APO 3.5-meter telescope due to hazardous conditions or situations, at times when telescope operations are being overseen by an APO Observing Specialist. ... the on-duty Observing Specialist has full responsibility, and sole authority, to make this decision. ...

Next: C.S. Jeffery, Research Astronomer Up: Research Previous: J.E. Chambers, Research Astronomer Contents . During 1998 Dr Gerry Doyle was involved with three PPARC PDRA research grants, and was also a co-organiser of two international conferences (the COSPAR Symposium `Activity Observed in the Sun and in Similar Stars', and the Armagh Cool Star Workshop `Solar and Stellar Activity: Similarities and Differences'). He was Associate Scientist with the CDS and SUMER instruments on SOHO. ...

... The J, H and K bands are characterized by a bright background, such a background is mainly due to the emission of atmospheric lines and of thermal radiation. ... If the source cover a large fraction of the slit, spectra off-source must be observed to adequately sample the sky background. ... The on chip integration time (time spent in each position of the slit) must not exceed 40 seconds in J and H bands and 60 seconds in K band. ... We suggest a sequence of 10 for each elementary integration time. ...

The problem of solar wind data correlation for the observations onboard several spacecraft is very important for three points of view: . ... This problem is studied now in detail by systematic determination of ion flux and ion velocity data correlations by INTERBALL-1 (IKI group), WIND and IMP 8 (both - MIT group). ... Solar wind plasma correlation lengths from IMP 8, WIND and INTERBALL-1. ... Correlation of solar wind observations onboard several spacecraft: INTERBALL-1, IMP 8 and WIND data. ...

Irregular phenomena in the Earth Pole oscillation process and temporal variations of geopotential Valery Bondarenko, Vadim Perepelkin s The observed irregular phenomena in the Earth Pole oscillation process are very variety. ... These phenomena indicated in the IERS data are the "abnormal" fluctuation of the Earth Pole coordinates which owing to changing of the geodynamical parameters gives negative result in interpolation and forecast of the first approximation mathematical model. ... Fig. ...

... Up: Proposal Processing . ... ESO is prototyping a distributed ``Phase II'' system that will allow astronomers to prepare their observations at their home institutions, while maintaining a central repository for all observation data. ... ESO is developing a Phase II Proposal Preparation system (P2PP) to collect detailed scientific programme descriptions, in the form of observation blocks (OB). ... ESO's Phase II Proposal Preparation system is an integral part of the VLT Data Flow System (DFS). ...

RTT150 . ... This search system is designed for generating the necessary information on series of pointings (observations of each source consist of sets of exposures with different filters and sometimes with different exposure times) for observed sources. Search results appear at the separate page as a table with the following data: . DATE - real (not evening!) observations date (in YYYY-MM-DD format); . ... Bin - minimal CCD binning mode (may vary during the observations); . ...

... The following charts/text are intended as tools for monitoring the Type Ia supernovae ( SNe ) event visually or photographically (utilizing telescope equipped CCD equipment).The files include: A replication of The Type Ia SNe , V- magnitude (with data point checks from other cited references)and color index (B-V) templete (to indicate a general color-related trend of the type Ia ... I believe this might help alleviate some of the problems involving the making of acceptable amateur light curves...

... Within SAS, a tool is available to check the pile-up fraction in the pn data: epatplot . This tool compares the observed pattern distributions (derived from a pn calibrated and concatenated even list) with the calibrated models. ... The lower panel is the key element for the evaluation of the pile-up fraction: it shows the observed distribution of pattern as a function of energy (PI channel in Analog-Digital Units ), using the same color code. ... Pages maintained by SAS librarian . ...

... Contacts . 2012: . ... We refined the fundamental parameters of the components, the orbital periods, and the conditions of photospheric heating of the secondary component by the ultraviolet radiation of the hot component. ... The observations of the star clusters associated with ultra-luminous x-ray sources (ULXs) in four galaxies on the 6-meter and VLT telescopes have shown that all the ULXs are located within 200pc of very young star clusters (younger than 5 million years). ... Archive . ...