... S.P. KOROLEV ROCKET AND SPACE CORPORATION ENERGIA . ... OAO RSC "Energia" . ... Company's History . ... History . Brief History of Rocket and Space Technology . ... Flights Chronology . ... Project History . ISS Russian Segment . Steps of ISS Assembly . Spaceflights Chronology . Chronology of Extravehicular Activity . ISS 45/46 . ... Rocket Space Complexes . ... Launches Chronology . ... Automatic Space Systems . ... HISTORY . ... 2015 JSC "S.P. Korolev RSC "Energia" . ...

... International relations . Scientific Publications . ... Events International Conference "Scientific and technological experiments on automatic space vehicles and small satellites" . ... The influence of the factors of the space environment on the results of scientific and technological experiments. Lessons learned of organization and holding of piggy back launches and space experiments, problems of realization of international scientific and educational space projects. ...

... Research of an atmosphere of the Earth and other planets of Solar system by optical methods . ... The long-term experience of study of atmospheres of planets of Solar system in a department of physics of planets has defined directions and methods of researches spent for laboratory . ... The tasks of laboratory are researches by optical methods of structure of a Terrestrial atmosphere, namely study of spectra of absorption of its compound radiation of natural and artificial sources. ...

HIGH RESOLUTION IONOSPHERIC MASS SPECTROMETER P-11 . ... Onboard mass-spectrometric equipment for study of neutral and ionized components of Earth upper atmosphere. Mass-spectrometer P-11 is one of P-series modifications of the on board radio-frequency monopole spectrometers. ... The instruments of P-series have passed successful approbation in space experiments aboard geophysical rockets MP-12, launched for investigation of Earth upper atmosphere (Ref. ... Measured mass number range, AMU - 1.. ...

... Director of the RAS ISR . RAS Academician . ... Astrophysics module Kvant of the orbital complex Mir launched in 1987 contains the largest on the station complex of the scientific equipment named the orbital observatory Roentgen. Observatory Roentgen consists of 4 X-ray telescopes, jointly exceeding the range of energies from 2 to 800 keV. ... Among the most significant results that were received in the observatory Roentgen are: . ... measurement of the periods of 9 X-ray pulsars; . ...

... October 6, 09:00 09:40 . Jorge Melnick (ESO) . ... We present a statistical and temporal analysis of the ground meteorological properties recorded at the five selected sites for hosting the European Extremely Large Telescope (EELT). ... Marc Sarazin (ESO) . The organization and development of the E-ELT site testing campaign by ESO are described. ... The E-ELT Site Testing activities in northern Chile and Argentina are reviewed, and pioneering explorative campaigns are illustrated. ...

. 1997: . 1997 Weather Extremes . 1996 Weather Extremes . 1995 Weather Extremes . Extreme precipitation in 1995 and 1996 . Temperatures: Jan-Feb , Mar-Apr , May-Jun , July-August , Sept-Oct, Nov-Dec . Precipitation: Jan-Feb , Mar-Apr , May-Jun, July-Aug , Sept-Oct, Nov-Dec . Annual Precipitation Trends . The Electronic Universe Project e-mail: nuts@moo.uoregon.edu

... The Irkutsk IS radar has the opportinuty to measure several ionospheric plasma parameters such as electron density N e , electron and ion temperatures T e , T i , and drift plasma velocity along the sounding direction. ... To the 1999-2001 data we have added the E-layer ionosphere model to electron concentration profile, which has been constructed by integral concentration from the ionosphere beginning from 160 km obtained from experiment. ... Capabilities and samples | ...

Next: Mark III Observations Up: Tape Management Previous: POSTPASSES Contents . Automatic tape allocation is provided on the VLBA. In fact, its use is required for most observations. ... Automatic tape allocation is not available for all stations, including all that use VEX files. ... If a station that is using automatic tape allocation is scheduled in a scan on a source that is below the antenna hardware limits (not just the horizon), that antenna will be removed from the scan by SCHED. ...

. © IRE RAS 1996-200 6

... Assured of a reliable method of solving the normal equations, we now consider the equations of condition. The observed magnitude m of a star at M air masses with true instrumental magnitude is modelled as ([ 10 ], [ 28 ]) . ... The effective extinction coefficient depends on the effective spectral gradient [ 29 ] of the star, for which we use some color index, affected by half the atmospheric reddening ([ 26 ], [ 10 ]): . ... Thus, for the B band of UBV, we use the (U-V) color. ...

Many injuries each year result from the improper use or maintenance of tools, especially portable power tools. It is therefore important users of portable power tools be trained in their use and all tools be maintained in a safe condition. ... All portable power tools and their attachments or accessories will be used in accordance with the manufacturer?s instructions. ... Adequate ventilation will be provided when fuel powered tools are used indoors or in insufficiently ventilated areas. ...

... Neutral Buoyancy is one of the most effective means of simulating the extra-vehicular activity conditions. This method is based on putting space modules, vehicles and EVA-suit donned cosmonauts in the swimming pool under conditions of neutral buoyancy, indifferent equilibrium and unsupported state. ... This new aspect of technological activity is carried out under conditions, which are playing a conflicting role to the conditions both of the human being's and human civilization development. ...

... Polar Cap Potential . ... The solar wind propagation delay time calculation used here is conceptually similar to the T(IMF) calculation in Kelly, et al. ... The older continuous data are from key parameter data files. ... Note: Very high values of Solar Wind Speed, Solar Wind Pressure, IMF Magnitude and Bz, and Polar Cap Potential are likely indications that WIND has reentered the Earth's magnetosphere; such data is not indicative of solar wind conditions or impending severe geomagnetic disruption. ...

... Tonight's Sky . ... SUN MOON MERCURY VENUS MARS, JUPITER SATURN . ... Mars . ... space flight . ... Antarctic fungi survive martian conditions on ISS . Lifeforms taken from the most Mars-like place on Earth managed to survive the harsh conditions of space. ... The aim was to send them to the International Space Station (ISS) for them to be subjected to martian conditions and space to observe their responses. ... For 18 months, half of the Antarctic fungi were exposed to Mars-like conditions. ...

... As modern observatories evolve to production units delivering data products and calibrated scientific data to the end users, new challenges arise in assessing the quality of data products. ... Taking the analogy of speed control on a motorway we can describe the system as a device (radar) collecting measurements of the system performance (passing cars). ... One of the direct applications of quality control is the verification of instrument performance based on the analysis of calibration exposures. ...

Experiment Aries-L for investigation Aries-L of lunar regolith In Luna-Resource project (proxy for Luna-GLOB ) Luna-Resource project Luna-GLOB ) by secondary ions and neutral atoms masssecondary ions and neutral atoms massspectrometry Requirements to conditions and to implementation program O.L.Vaisberg, G.V.Koinash, R.N.Zhuravlev, T.A.Shachverdyan ...

. Russian (WIN) . 10-27/2/1999 . 6-28/1/1999 . For more information send a mail to: info@sputnik.infospace.ru . © 1998-2002 SMIS IKI RAN and SRC "PLANETA" Moscow, Russia.

... Science Users Information > Observing with ESO Telescopes > Phase 2 Preparation > Observing conditions . ... Service Mode Philosophy . ... The following definitions of the observing conditions are common between Phase 1 preparation and Phase 2 preparation, as well as between Service Mode and Visitor Mode observations. ... There are additional Service Mode Policies and Service Mode Guidelines regarding the observing conditions. ... Seeing (Phase 1) and Image quality (Phase2) constraints . ... Moon . ...

... Research . Projects . ... The name of the project APEX is a reduction from words " Active Plasma Experiments " . The core of the project are active experiments with injection of electron and (or) plasma beams from a board of the satellite with simultaneous registration of the phenomena, produced by interaction of injected beam with background plasma. ... Active experiments utilise modulated electron beam accelerator and source of modulated xenon plasma beam on the main spacecraft APEX. ...