... In FOS polarimetry mode the incoming beam was split into orthogonal polarization components by a Wollaston prism behind the entrance aperture. ... As with non-polarimetric observations, no concurrent WAVECAL exposure was routinely taken with polarimetry data, so the limiting accuracies of the default pipeline polarimetry wavelength calibration are the same as for the non-polarimetry case described earlier ( See "Wavelength Calibration" on page 32-49. ...

... Magnetic fields, subatomic particles, etc., traveling in different directions fill the universe. Do they deflect or otherwise affect one another? If so, isnт??t the information we get from them distorted? ... Neutrino astronomy, which is still in its infancy, is attractive because neutrinos interact so weakly with matter that few of these distorting effects occur. Get instant access to subscriber content on Astronomy.com! ...

... Laboratory for Spectroscopy of Molecular Structures . ... Optics and spectroscopy of molecular and liquid crystals, fullerenes, superthin molecular films. Optical studies of structure, phase transitions, pretransitional phenomena, structural modifications in external field and under high pressure. ... Methods developed in the laboratory enable to determine in free standing films of different types liquid crystals values of polarization, two-dimensional constants of orientational elasticity. ...

The Face on Mars . ... The Raw Images . Table 1: List of Viking Orbiter Images of the "Face on Mars" . ... Processing the Face Images . Table 2: Dimensions of Mercator Projected Images of "The Face on Mars" . Map Projected Images . ... Processing the "Face on Mars" Images . ... This page will provide interested persons with both the raw Viking images, transformed to GIF format, and a brief tutorial (with examples) of image processing techniques applied to create "better looking" images. ...

... The Raw Images . Table 1: List of Viking Orbiter Images of the "Face on Mars" . ... Processing the Face Images . ... In July, 1976, Viking Orbiter 1 was acquiring images of the Cydonia region of Mars as part of the search for potential landing sites for Viking Lander 2. ... Using the height field, it is also possible to view the "Face" from different look directions, by mapping the Viking Orbiter image directly on the the topography and then placing the "viewer" at different locations. ... Mars . ...

... the time of observation . ... Observing the Changing Position of the Sun To Establish Cardinal Directions . ... Observations of the Sun's apparent movement across the sky and its pattern of rising and setting in the east and west horizon helped to establish the cardinal directions. ... The final stage of the Sun's return was marked by the observation that the Sun had reached its highest altitude when the full width of your mitted hand could fill the gap between the Sun and the horizon. ...

... Low Polar Orbit . ... Different types of satellite orbits have different uses: while the synchronous orbit is best for communication satellites, Lagrangian point orbits help monitor the solar wind before it reaches Earth. ... Many spacecraft use such orbits, e.g. the US Air Force surveillance satellites of the DMSP series, or the series of French Earth-resources spacecraft SPOT . ... If the satellite then starts near a noon-midnight orbit, it will always pass near noon and near midnight. ...

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... IRAF View . This is the orientation of the image as viewed in an image display via IRAF (e.g. ximtool, saoimage). Note: This is different from the orientation of the image as viewed on a Macintosh, via Remark . ... A +X, +Y instrument offset will move a star in the direction indicated by the arrows. ... Note: The offset direction depends upon which interface the offset command was issued in! ... Note: This is different from the orientation of the image as viewed by IRAF. ...

... How is it described Origins of polarized light How is it important to astrophysics How is it measured 3 Polarized waves: linear 4 Thursday , 30 September 2010 Polarized waves: linear 4 Thursday , 30 September 2010 ... at any angle 5 Thursday , 30 September 2010 or Circular - LCP, RCP Right 6 Thursday , 30 September 2010 or Circular - LCP, RCP Right 6 Thursday , 30 ... Sky light is polarized, maximally at 90 degrees to the sun. ...

... Clearing the library. Note the different flooтАж . Sidebar Left . Sidebar Top . ... Title: Clearing the library. Note the different floor levels. There were at least 4 different levels of underfloor in the library. Description: NOTE: All images and movies are copyright and must not be reproduced or mirrored in any form without written permission. ... NOTE: All images and movies are copyright and must not be reproduced or mirrored in any form without written permission. ...

... the radiative transfer equation (RTE) for the randomly-irregular magnetized plasma has been derived on the base of general grounds of the multiple scattering theory . ... Solutions of several absolute tasks of the scattering theory have been obtained (on the optical depth of the ionospheric plasma layer, on the value of radio wave anomalous attenuation, on anomalous refraction, on the backscattered signal intensity for the source being placed within a plasma layer). ...

... Fitting the observed dependence includes calculations of the polarization cross-sections averaged over particles orientation and size distribution, their normalization and the comparison of obtained dependencies with Serkowski's curve representing observational data for a chosen star. ... Variations of the polarization factors with wavelength are shown in Fig. 16 for homogeneous spheroidal particles with PF orientation. ... The distinction between prolate and oblate spheroids is also clearly seen. ...

... In order to disentangle the effects of different climate variables on tree-ring growth rates of different species, and to explore the possibility that more than one species could improve the accuracy of the reconstructions of climate using tree rings, a methodical study of trees in close proximity to the Armagh Observatory climate station was initiated together with Ana Maria Garc?a Su?rez, and continued as part of the latter's PhD thesis with John Butler and Professor Mike Baillie (QUB). ...

ALBUM: SING-SONGS @ SONG : A_ Different _ Man Inside himself, He runs to look in the mirror And the face that stares right back Has never been any clearer But look at the doubt in his eyes He's not the one to blame It was a different man , no he's never been here You can be so close, you can be so near It was a different man , playing ...

. There are several different shells available for Unix; the most popular are described here. You can use any one of these shells if they are available on your system. And you can switch between the different shells once you have found out if they are available. Bourne shell (sh) . C shell (csh) . TC shell (tcsh) . Korn shell (ksh) . Bourne Again SHell (bash) .

... A detector map is used to provide a grid of positions over which to calculate and flux weight the ARF. The default detector map is 'flat' which has a weighting of 1.0 for each detector map pixel and is rectangular having sides which just encompass the region specified in the DSS. Only detector map pixels falling within the source region are included in the ARF calculation, e.g. for a circular source box, the pixels in the corners of the detector map will be ignored. ... flat : . ...

... 2003 November 19 . Light Can Twist as Well as Spin . ... Recently, however, it has been more broadly realized that photons can also have orbital angular momentum (OAM), an attribute classically analogous to the Earth orbiting the Sun as well as spinning on its axis. Pictured above , the wave-front of a photon with OAM is shown to be twisted, in contrast to the flat plane of zero OAM light. ... APOD Update: APOD mirror now on-line from Poland with archive in Polish. ... Archive | ...

... The waveguide passes through a rotary joint at the top center of the azimuth arm. It then proceed down to the bottom of the arm to the continuously adjustable two-way power divider. One output of the divider supplies power to the carriage house while the other output supplies power to the Gregorian dome. ... Power from the collector enters the carriage house though a length of corrugated waveguide and is connected to a turnstile junction. ...

... Archives . ... If you do not mind the time predictor, it is hard to believe that this is a light curve, time dependent data. ... It?s hard to say this data set is designed for time series analysis apart from the complication in statistical inference due to measurement errors. How to design the statistical study with measurement errors, huge gaps in time, and unequal time intervals is complex and unexplored. ... The following is R output without measurement errors. ... Chandra Blog . ...