... Spacecraft . ... To space by cannon? Finally, the deep space explorers --spacecraft which break away from the Earth's gravity . ... The "Luna" series of the USSR conducted 7 soft landing of unmanned probes, two of them with wheeled robotic "Lunokhods," and two of those missions returned samples to Earth. Others spacecraft have visited the major planets of the Solar system. ... The Mariner series have explored Venus and Mars--and Mariner 10 even reached Mercury, for three separate encounters! ...

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• The Answer Man--arranged by subject
• FAQ: "Exploration of the Earth's Magnetosphere"
• Kepler's Second Law

... More on 51 Peg: . The discovery of a Jupiter--mass planet in orbit around the solar--type star 51Peg has been reported by Michel Mayor and Didier Queloz (Geneva Observatory) on October 6th at the 9th Cambridge workshop on "cool stars, stellar systems, and the sun" held at Florence (Italy). ... Recall that the measurements of radial velocity only yield v sin i which in turn gives us M sin i. For most values of i, sin i will be greater than 0.5 and this gives a mass estimate of 0.5 Jupiter masses. ...

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The Mars Flag has a different design on the reverse side. obverse side of flag . ... The orbit lines on the obverse cross the Sun on the lower half of the flag and appear to go behind the Sun on the upper half of the flag. The reverse side has the orbits lines continuing around the Sun on the upper half of the flag. ... The Mars Flag reverse side is a continuation of the obverse side and not just a different design on the back and not a mirror image of the obverse. Main Flag Background Color . ...

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• ASP: Good Astronomy Activities on the WWW
• ASP: Up, Up, and Away
• ASP: Miranda: A Jigsaw Puzzle World

... 2013 October 24 . Little Planet Shadowrise . ... Explanation: Warm shades and subtle colors come to the sky in the fading sunlight after shadowrise on this little planet. Of course the little planet is planet Earth, and this nadir-to-zenith , around-the-horizon mosaic maps the view from a small airfield near the town of Intendente Alvear, La Pampa province, Argentina. ... Tomorrow's picture: little sombrero . ... About APOD | ... NASA Official: Phillip Newman Specific rights apply . ...

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• APOD: January 31, 1996 - Planets Around Sun-Like Stars
• APOD: 2013 September 19 - Moon, Venus, and Planet Earth
• APOD: 2006 August 28 - Eight Planets and New Solar System Designations

Jupiter is the largest of the nine planets, more than 10 times the diameter of Earth and more than 300 times its mass. ... The mean density of Earth is 5.245 times that of water. The pull of gravity on Jupiter at the top of the clouds at the equator is 2.4 times as great as gravity's pull at the surface of Earth at the equator. ... It is tipped about 11? to Jupiter's axis of rotation, similar to Earth's, but it is also offset from the center of Jupiter by about 10,000 kilometers (6,200 miles). ...

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• Luna and Io - A Comparison Study
• Frequently Asked Questions
• Educator's Guide to The Inverse Square Law

... The motion of a planet around the Sun or of a scientific satellite around Earth follows different equations (though a connection exists), but in many respect it resembles that of the stone. ... Kepler's law states: . ... Illustrating Kepler's 2nd law: . ... As an example, let the drawing on the right represent the orbit of an Earth satellite, and let AB and CD be the portions of the orbit covered in 3 hours near apogee and near perigee, respectively. ... Gravity can also provide energy. ...

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• Trapped Radiation
• The Sun
• Newton's theory of "Universal Gravitation"

... Over the past 16 years, astronomers have found more than 700 planets outside of our Solar System. We call these distant worlds exo-planets . ... For example, they can observe how a star dims when a planet passes in front of it. ... In this new method, astronomers use stars like magnifying glasses! ... And astronomers can tell if the star that is acting like a magnifying glass has a planet in orbit around it, as the power of the magnification is even greater! ...

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• http://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1509/kids/
• High Resolution HST Images of Pluto and Charon (ESO Press Release 09/94)
• Planets shepherding material into a narrow ring around Fomalhaut | ESO

... Landsat 7 Views Planet Earth . ... 14.05.1999 . ... Credit Copyright: Landsat 7 Project , NASA Explanation: Launched last month, NASA's Landsat 7 spacecraft now orbits planet Earth . Looking down from an altitude of 700 km, Landsat 7 can map the planet's surface in visible and infrared bands and resolve features 30 meters across or smaller. ... Publications with keywords: Earth - planet - landsat - san fransisco . Publications with words: Earth - planet - landsat - san fransisco . ...

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• XWare > APOD

... The study of extra solar planets will be one of the most important areas of research in astronomy in this century. ... The first planets outside the solar system were found in 1992 around the millisecond pulsar PSR B1257+12 by Alex Wolszczan at the Arecibo Observatory . ... Three space missions based on this principle (MOST, COROT and Kepler ) have already been launched or approved, and have the last one at least has the potential to find Earth-sized planets. ... SIM ( NASA ) is one of such missions...

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• M42 Color Images
• The Search for HVCs in Other Galaxies
• Searching the Environment around LyAlpha Absorbers

God Science Forum Message . ... God and Science | ... Pluto Is Not A Planet, But A Moon Of Neptune. ... Pluto Is Not a Planet, but a Moon of Neptune . 60 years ago, at 1947, the late Mohammed Ali Hassan Al-Hilly, said in his book: (The Universe and the Quran), that Pluto is not a planet but a moon of Neptune. ... He said: " Astronomers, however, think that Pluto is a planet, but I say it is merely a moon of Neptune, and actually it is not a planet. ... www.astronomy.net . About Astronomy Net | ...

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• Moon, Planets And Aurora, Oh My! - an Astronomy Net Article
• Gravity Of Planets Mass - an Astronomy Net Gravity Forum Message

... The discovery of giant Jupiter-type planets in a close proximity to 51 Peg, Boo, and And has prompted the question of where the planets could be formed in the circumstellar disks of solar-type stars. ... Planet formation, at distance of ~0.05 AU from the star, requires that the temperature of the circumstellar protoplanetary disk is low enough for the condensation of rocky materials, and the surface density is sufficiently high. ...

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• http://www.stsci.edu/~ariess/documents/Hubble%20Top%20Ten%20Greatest%20Achievements_web.pdf
• http://www.stsci.edu/stsci/meetings/planets/abs/prog22.html
• http://www.stsci.edu/~mutchler/talks/Pluto_Odyssey_13march2008.pdf

... Bad Astronomy . Misconceptions . ... Bad Astronomy : The Moon only shows one face to us because it is not rotating. Better astronomy : The Moon only shows one face because it is rotating, once every time it revolves around the Earth. ... Place the Moon model on the table about 30 centimeters (one foot) away with the X facing the Earth model. ... You'll see that to keep the X facing the Earth model, you have to rotate the Moon model as it goes around the Earth model . ... 2008 Phil Plait. ...

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• Phil Plait's Bad Astronomy: Bitesize Astronomy
• Phil Plait's Bad Astronomy: Mad Science

... The Australian National University] [Department of Physics] [Paul Francis] [Main Roleplay Page] . These exercises are my attempt to adapt the technique of Problem Based Learning to the context of introductory astronomy and astrophysics classes. ... As students grapple with the puzzle, they are forced to learn the subject matter of the course. ... This exercise is designed for 1st year University students with a reasonable high-school background in Maths and Physics. ...

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• ASTR1001: Mountains and Atmospheres
• Things are very different for small planets
• Summary

The solar system probably formed about 4.5 billion years ago from a giant disk of gas, dust and ice in space. ... All forms of life on Earth require liquid water to survive, so the presence of liquid water is a good criterion for deciding whether other planets in the universe could be habitable. Earth is the only habitable planet in the solar system. Venus, closer to the Sun, is too hot to have liquid water. Planets and moons in the outer solar system are too cold for liquid water. ...

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• Armagh Observatory
• Armagh Astropark: The Planets
• Armagh Astropark

... 8, ``Celestial Mechanics'', 2002 Precession and free core nutation of neutron stars A. Gusev, I. Kitiashvili Kazan University, Russia In 1992 Wolszczan and Frail discovered a planetary system around the pulsar PSR 1257+12 [1]. ... Third case: the most likely possibility is the free precession of the pulsar with a rigid 81 neutron star. ... It is known that rotation of the terrestrial planets having rigid mantle and elliptical liquid core is characterized by Free Core Nutation (FCN). ...

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• (Untitled)

In ancient times the solar system was thought to be the whole Universe, so the study of planetary motions was cosmology. ... The planets other than the Moon and Sun generally move West to East through the stars, but occasionally stop and move in the opposite direction ( retrograde motion). In order to explain the retrograde motion of the planets, the geocentric model of the Solar System shown above puts the planets on small circles called epicycles . ...

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Uranus: around the Sun, "lying in the side". Uranus . ... Mass . ... The period of rotation . ... The average distance from the Sun . ... Excentricity of the orbit . ... Uranus is the seventh from the Sun great planet of the Solar system. ... The theoretical model of Uranus structure is following its upper layer is a gasoliquid shell under which is an icy cloak (the water and ammonia ice) then comes the core of the solid soils. The cloak and the core mass is about 85-90% of all Uranus mass. ...

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• Keplere
• venerae
• sunstroene

Class 1 Introduction, Background History of Modern Astronomy The Night Sky, Eclipses and the Seasons Kepler's Laws Newtonian Gravity General Relativity Matter and Light Telescopes Class 2 Solar System Characteristics Formation Exosolar Planets Class 3 Stars The S un Stellar Evolution of Low and High Mass Stars Deaths of Stars Exotic Stars Class 4 Galaxies Galaxy Classification Formation of Galaxies Galactic ... Low mass stars live and die differently than high mass stars. ...

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• http://www.aaa.org/s932/images/09fallclass2.pdf

... Search . ... Astrophysics Group . Research . ... Research and Instrumentation . ... While this seems an extraordinary endeavour, in light of what we have learnt about Solar System planets, only a handful of key ingredients are required to start characterising an exoplanet. ... The NGTS project is a partnership between the University of Cambridge, Queen?s University Belfast, University of Warwick, University of Leicester, Observatoire de Geneve, DLR (Berlin) and Universidad Catolica de Chile. ...

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... Planets . ... Earth Satellites . ... The newly discovered ?mega-Earth? ... Its sibling, the lava world Kepler-10b, is in the background (the two planets? proximity is grossly exaggerated) .?а Kepler-10c has a diameter of about 29 000 km, 2.3 times as large as Earth, and weighs 17 times as much. ... The first mega-earth to be discovered is Kepler-10c which orbits a star lying about 560 light years from the Sun in the constellation Draco. ... Astronomers Find a New Type of Planet: The ?Mega-Earth? ...

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• Exoplanet HAT-P-1b: weird, warm and fuzzy | Astronotes
• Kepler 36b and c: Too Close for Comfort | Astronotes
• The bluffer?s guide to Saturn | Astronotes