... Stellar Evolution is driven entirely by the never ending battle between Pressure and Gravity . As imbalances are reached, the star is driven to find a new Energy source. ... Pressure and gravitational forces are equal, the star is stable and its core is sufficiently hot to fuse Hydrogen into Helium More about main sequence stars . ... The luminosity generated by the core fusion of Helium into Carbon is far greater than the shell luminosity associated with the fusion of Hydrogen into Helium. ...

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... The absolute flux calibration of NICMOS will be calculated from observations of standard stars with known flux distributions F( ). ... In order to expand the set of IR standard stars in the appropriate flux range for NICMOS, M. Rieke, R. Thompson, and collaborators at the University of Arizona are making photometric observations of solar-analog stars, which will be used to normalize the solar spectrum to the observed IR magnitudes. ... Relative flux references accurate to 1.5% for standard...

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• Absolute Flux Calibration of the IRAC Instrument on the Spitzer Space Telescope
• Astronomical Catalogs
• Absolute SpectroPhotometric Standards

... Science . ... Science Users Information > Observing with ESO Telescopes > Observing Tools and Services > Standard Stars Catalogues > Standard Star Catalogue Search Tool . ... Publications with ESO Data . ... ESO Data . ... This tool searches the standard star catalogues for standards that are within dX airmasses of the target at a given LST. ... In this case put the LST when the target was observed in the TargetLST box as before, and put the LST of the standard star observation in the StdObs LST box...

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• ESO - Standard Stars Catalogues
• ESO - I cannot find flux standard stars with the same readout mode and binning
• FORS Sec Std and Abs Phot Project

Next: Fitting the Blaze Up: Instrument Response Correction Previous: Instrument Response Correction . ... This flux has to be corrected for two effects in order to get absolute fluxes: first, for the echelle blaze effect, and second, for the chromatic response of the instrument. ... The solution adopted in the reduction, using the standard star љ , is to correct for both the blaze effect and the instrument response simultaneously. ...

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• Standard stars
• Standard-star files
• Selection criteria

Next: THE SOURCE LIST Up: Spectral-Line Observing at AO Previous: THE RADAR BLANKER . ... You also need to decide how you want this correction to be applied - to the center of each correlator board or to the four boards as a whole (thereby preserving the topocentric frequency offset between the boards). Typically, this choice depends on whether each board is centered on a known spectral line, or if you are doing a search in velocity space for an object. ...

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• Standard On
• Spectral-Line Observing at AO
• Data and Analysis

Last updated 5 November 2003 by JMD . Last link checked 9 October 2003 by JCB . Data from 191 observations of stars with the ARCES were analyzed to calculate exposure times to reach particular signal-to-noise values for bright standard stars. ... An exponential fit to the data shows pretty good agreement and allows for forecasting to fainter stars beyond the limit of the data set ( V ~ 12). The fit was used to calculate the exposure times in the table below: . ...

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• Astrophysical Research Consortium - Apache Point Observatory
• TwistedActor.Actor Standard Commands
• Standard Star Field

... This gives a nice opportunity to check the quality of the FIRPO photometry against that of TIRGO. ... The values are Program POLYFIT V 10/Jul/90 ( A.Richichi ) - 24-Aug-1997 13:38:25 File : diff_temp_jc.dat Pol. degree: 1- N = 10- [ 2786.00- 4095.00 ] - [ 0.00- 1194.00] 1 -.10304E+01 0.26412E+00 2 0.29958E-03 0.74406E-04 sdev: 0.16063E+00 chi2 :0.24486E+01 Program POLYFIT V 10/Jul/90 ( A.Richichi ) - 24-Aug-1997 13:42:59 File : diff_temp_hc.dat Pol. degree: 1- N = 10- [ 2786.00- ...

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• CHIANTI atomic database

Next: Examples of Setup Files Up: Setup Files Previous: Setup Files Contents . Over 200 standard setup files have been created, covering many of the normal modes of observing. ... These especially include precisely defined, and somewhat complex cases like the Mark III standard modes (although MarkIII went the way of the dinosaur long ago. ... v '' files: . These are setup files for VLBI observations using VLBA recording formats. ... These are setup files for Mark III observations. ...

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• VLA Standard Bands.
• Standard Stars - CCD Photometry, Transformations and Comparisons
• Metadata Standards

... Standard magnitudes can only be computed for the U, B and V filters and hence the only standard colours that can be calculated are U-B, B-V and U-V. An important point to note, is that these standard colours can be computed using the following instrumental colours - U-B, B-V, U-V, (UVW1-U), (UVW1-B), (UVW1-V), (UVW2-B) and (UVW2-V). Omsrclistcomb computes all possible standard magnitudes for each of the U, B and V filters and displays them in a vector column. ...

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• Standard (Johnson) Magnitudes and Colours
• ICWG meeting, Iceland 2006

Emission Line Diagnostics in a ``No UV Bump'' Quasar PHL909 Smita Mathur, Belinda Wilkes, Martin Elvis and Jonathan McDowell Abstract PHL909 is a quasar with unusually low ultraviolet luminosity (blue bump strength C UV=IR = \Gamma0:20 compared to an average value of 0:4 (McDowell et al. ... The intrinsic continuum of PHL909 ( i.e. as seen by the BELR ) may thus be similar to the `standard' continuum, with a big blue bump, reddened along the line of sight. ...

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• The AstroStat Slog standard procedure
• Period Determination
• Calculation of Extinction from Optical Colors

... The material in "From Stargazers to Starships" meets several important requirements of the national standards. Pages cited below are from National Science Education Standards National Academy Press, Washington 1995. ... For example: the sections on astronomy not only describe calendars and sundials (including their construction), but also the astronomy of the ancient Greeks, including two different ways in which ancient Greeks estimated the distance to the Moon. ...

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... Tonight's Sky . ... т??Standard candleт?? supernova extraordinarily magnified by gravitational lensing . ... A team of researchers at the Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (IPMU) led by Robert Quimby has identified what may prove to be the first ever type Ia supernova (SNIa) magnified by a strong gravitational lens. In this work, the standard candle property of type Ia supernovae is used to directly measure the magnification due to gravitational lensing. ...

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• Experiment observes new matter-antimatter difference | Astronomy.com
• Dwarf galaxies donт??t fit standard model | Astronomy.com
• BaBar data hint at cracks in the standard model | Astronomy.com

... We present a proposed standard for data dictionaries associated with catalogs being accessed through the Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Mosaic Catalog Service. Each catalog made available for searching must have a data dictionary, which consists of a set of specified keywords describing format, content and location of data. ... There are two keywords in the Table Data Dictionary which indicate to the server software that the corresponding column contains special attributes. ...

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• How to Piece Together Diffracted Grating Arms for AXAF Flight Data
• Automated Photometric Calibration Software For IRAF
• SDFITS: A Standard for Storage and Interchange of Single Dish Data

... The following charts/text are intended as tools for monitoring the Type Ia supernovae ( SNe ) event visually or photographically (utilizing telescope equipped CCD equipment).The files include: A replication of The Type Ia SNe , V- magnitude (with data point checks from other cited references)and color index (B-V) templete (to indicate a general color-related trend of the type Ia ... I believe this might help alleviate some of the problems involving the making of acceptable amateur light curves...

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• Zen: ivoa standard process
• SN 1989B Light Curve Analysis.
• SAI SN RESEARCH GROUP

... 237S (SIMBAD/NED BibCode) ================================================================================ Keywords: Sun: UV radiation - atmospheric effects - Sun: atmosphere - lines: identification Description: An ultraviolet atlas of the solar spectrum with a spectral resolution of 15mA in the region 1948-2000A is presented. ... The wavelength atlas with a list of about 550 lines has been synthesized from data at center of the Sun ({mu}=1) and at {mu}=0.89, smoothed out over an area of 30 arcsec. ...

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• Iowa Robotic Telescope Facilities

... Superb optical performance coupled with time proven computerized pointing and tracking has made the LX200 ACF series a best-seller in the high-performance telescope class. ... MeadeтАЩs new LX70 Series offers high-quality German equatorially mounted telescopes with slow-motion controls and heavy-duty steel tripods. ... For crisp wide-field observing and imaging, few optical designs match the performance of a true triple-element apochromatic refractor. ... Meade Standard Field Tripod #07020. ...

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• Meade Standard Field Tripod - Tripods and Piers - Accessories - Products
• Telescopes - Products
• Products

... Using the self-consistent 3D hydrodynamical code in Kobayashi et al. (2007) , we simulate the star formation and chemical enrichment history of the Universe. ... We also predict the rates of supernovae and gamma-ray bursts, and the properties of the host galaxies, which will be observed with the ANU's new SkyMapper telescope. ... Supernova feedback on galaxy formation. ... Feedback from active-galactic nuclei (AGN). ... COALA : Universe Galaxy AGN Star Planet ...

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• Brad's Research
• The SMS Survey
• Lecture 20: Standard Uncertainties, Significance and Quadrature

Bigbang Forum Message . Forums: . ... Discussion Forums | ... The Ekpyrotic [string] Models And The Standard Guth Model. Forum List | ... Post Message | ... Could you outline the differences between the Ekpyrotic [string] models and the standard Guth model? ... www.astronomy.net . About Astronomy Net | Advertise on Astronomy Net | ... Forum posts are Copyright their authors as specified in the heading above the post. "dbHTML," "AstroGuide," "ASTRONOMY.NET" & "VA.NET" . ...

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• Word Games Are Endless..hence The Need For Standards Of Honesty - an Astronomy

Next: Radiopulsars as Sources of Up: Cosmic Rays and Evolution Previous: Cosmic Rays and Evolution . Presently, there is little doubt that galactic CR can be generated at rapidly expanding shock fronts produced by supernova explosions. ... Statistical properties of radiopulsars in our Galaxy indicate a formation rate of NS of about 1 per 10-20 years in the present cosmological epoch, while direct astronomical observations have so far not detected supernova explosions at this high rate. ...

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• Effect of sources evolution on
• #tex2html_wrap_inline12527#-#tex2html_wrap_inline12529# for Supernova...
• Seminars

Astronotes Armagh Planetarium's Stellar Blog! ... Space Flight . ... Earth Satellites . ... Leonid meteors seen from 13 km altitude aboard an aircraft during the 1999 Leonids Multi-Instrument Aircraft Campaign (Leonid-MAC). Comet Tempel-Tuttle provides the cometary debris for the Leonid meteor shower. ... Every 17-19 November Earth crosses Tempel-TuttleтАЩs orbit and the Leonids become visible. With clear, dark skies observers may see 10 to 15 Leonid meteors every hour on those mornings. ...

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• Supernova spotted by Irish astronomer | Astronotes
• observing | Astronotes - Part 4