... Format of the orbital elements | Estimation of the extrapolation errors | Version 1" of the orbital elements collection, determined by KIAM during flight and used for operations planning . Version 2" of the of the orbital elements collection, modified by IKI during flight and recommended for the orbital calculations during scientific data processing . ... Three kinds of the INTERBALL Auroral probe (IB_AUR) orbital elements' collections are presented here. ... IKI RAN | SSC IKI RAN | ...

This section is on a higher level than the rest, and is primarily meant for advanced users, who may wonder how orbital motion is actually derived. ... As stated earlier, the motion of a satellite (or of a planet) in its elliptical orbit is given by 3 "orbital elements": . ... 3) The mean anomaly M , an angle growing at a steady rate, increasing by 360 degrees each orbit . ... In polar coordinates ( r,f ) describing the satellite's motion in its orbital plane, f is the polar angle. ... The angles: . ...

Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 was discovered photographically by the husband and wife scientific team of Carolyn S. and Eugene M. Shoemaker and David H. Levy on March 24, 1993, using the 0.46-m (18-in.) ... Its discovery was a serendipitous product of their continuing search for near-Earth objects , and the 9 indicates that it was the ninth short-period comet (period less than 200 years) discovered by this team. ... In other words, the comet, or at least parts of it, could very well hit Jupiter. ...

Cosmic Research, Vol. 42, No. 5, 2004, pp. 435­488. Translated from Kosmicheskie Issledovaniya, Vol. 42, No. 5, 2004, pp. 453­508. Original Russian Text Copyright © 2004 by Veselovsky, Panasyuk, Avdyushin, Bazilevskaya, Belov, Bogachev, Bogod, Bogomolov, Bothmer, Boyarchuk, Vashenyuk, Vlasov, Gnezdilov, Gorgutsa, Grechnev, Denisov, Dmitriev, Dryer, Yermolaev, Eroshenko, Zherebtsov, Zhitnik, Zhukov, Zastenker, Zelenyi, Zeldovich, Ivanov-Kholodnyi, Ignat'ev, Ishkov, Kolomiytsev, Krasheninnikov, Kudela,