STScI . The Faint Early Sun: Paradox, Problem, or Distraction? ... The Faint Early Sun: . ... That low luminosity is a problem when combined with what we know about the early atmosphere of the Earth because if the Earth?s surface were to become covered in ice then the albedo would be high enough to prevent the young planet from recovering. ... How much glaciation occurred at those early epochs? ... What limits can we set on the state at different times of the atmosphere and surface of early Mars? ...

... David R. Scott (Colonel, USAF, Ret.) NASA Astronaut (former) . ... He has graduated from the Air Force Experimental Test Pilots School and Aerospace Research Pilots School. ... Scott served as command module pilot for Apollo 9, March 3-13, 1969. ... The ten-day flight provided vital information previously not available on the operational performance, stability, and reliability of lunar module propulsion and life support systems. ...

... Top: tiedown position vs hour of day. 2nd: velocity feedback of voltage sent to the amps. pink: td4 commanded velocity . ... This could be a problem with the readback (interference) or it could be real. look at the flagged region: 1.317 to 1.322: . ... During the loud noises the velocity feedback, motor speed, and motor torque were jumping around at the one second level. ... The speed monitor, torque readback jumping around stopped when the motor was shut off so the problem is not rfi on the...

... The First (Experimental) International Astronomy Olympiad . The following olympic problems were proposed for the participants on the theoretical part: Grades 8-10 . ... Why is it sometimes better to use a small telescope in orbit around the Earth than it is to use a large telescope on a mountain top? ... What will an observer looking to the Moon through the telescope see? ... Paper with a drown circle and table of maximal elongations of Mercury and Venus had been done for participants. ...

... Martian Surface in Perspective . ... Credit Copyright: Mars Exploration Rover Mission , JPL , NASA Explanation: Spirit moved across Mars yesterday as the rover successfully maneuvered down off its lander, driving its six wheels onto the floor of Gusev crater. ... A perspective projection of Spirit's local martian rocks and soil is shown above, based on 3D color image data recorded when rover was still perched on its landing platform. ... Publications with keywords: Mars - Spirit rover . ...

... Engineering experiments aimed at testing and developing engineering solutions for a future interplanetary vehicle were a prominent activity during missions of Salyut and Mir space stations. ... In October 1998, cosmonauts placed on the outside surface of Mir space station some samples of film-type solar array, which constitutes a key element of the Martian vehicle, in order to study how they are affected by actual space environments. ... Official WEB-site of S.P.Korolev RSC Energia . ...

... The Australian National University] [Department of Physics] [Paul Francis] [Main Roleplay Page] . These exercises are my attempt to adapt the technique of Problem Based Learning to the context of introductory astronomy and astrophysics classes. ... As students grapple with the puzzle, they are forced to learn the subject matter of the course. ... This exercise is designed for 1st year University students with a reasonable high-school background in Maths and Physics. ...

... Bad Astronomy . ... On Thursday, February 15th 2001 (and replayed on March 19), the Fox TV network aired a program called ``Conspiracy Theory: Did We Land on the Moon?'', hosted by X-Files actor Mitch Pileggi. ... Dust around the lander . ... However, it appeals to our common sense: when the sky is black here on Earth, we see stars. ... Bad: The program claims that when the top half of the lander took off from the Moon to bring the astronauts back into orbit, there was no flame from the rocket. ...

... A ramified covering $f:C\to S^2$ of the $2$-sphere by a genus $g$ two-dimensional surface $C$ determines a sequence of permutations $\sigma_1,\dots,\sigma_c$ acting on a nondegenerate fiber of $f$. ... The Hurwitz problem consists in enumeration of ramified coverings with given passport. Hundred years ago Hurwitz gave an elegant answer to his problem for a special case, where the covering surface is also the sphere and all ramification points but one are simple. ...

Astronotes Armagh Planetarium's Stellar Blog! ... Moon . ... Apollo 17?s CSM, named America, seen over the Moon?s cratered surface. ... Image credit: NASA) . ... Harrison Schmitt with our homeworld (Image credit: Eugene Cernan/NASA) . ... In this still from a video recording Schmitt is holding a rake used to collect small pebbles (Image credit: NASA) . ... The Earth was lower in the lunar sky over the Apollo 17 landing site than on other missions so it appears in more images. (image credit: NASA) . ...

Apollo 12 astronaut Alan Bean holds a special environmental sample container which holds soil collected during the second moonwalk EVA. ... Central Latitude/Longitude (deg): -3.01, 23.42 . ... Instrument: Hasselblad Camera . ... Instrument Field of View (deg): 60 mm Focal Length . ... Illumination Incidence Angle (deg): N/A . ... NASA Image ID number: AS12-H-49-7278 . ... Code 633, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center . Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA . ... Code 630, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center . ...

. rm filename: No such file or directory . The file or directory you are trying to copy does not exist. usage: rm [-rif] file ... You have used a non-existent option or you have failed to give a filename or directory_name . rm: override protection 600 for filename ? y . rm: filename not removed: Permission denied . You don't have permission to remove this file or directory. Most likely you're trying to erase a system file or another user's file.

... Please note the following problems and workarounds: . ... Arrow keys . Arrow keys are used in SAOtng to move the mouse or markers. ... Unfortunately, error messages are generated if both sets are defined in the SAOtng code but are not supported by X. To get around this problem, we have added the -kbprefix command switch (and the SAOTNG_KBPREFIX environment variable) to SAOtng. This switch allows you to specify which arrow keys you want to use (assuming your version of X supports both). ...

Next: Bibliography Up: R Coronae Borealis Stars Previous: Other Hydrogen-Deficient Stars . ... It remains to be shown that pulsations in all RCB stars provide the necessary conditions for dust nucleation to occur at this distance. ... The strength of a stellar absorption line represents the ratio of line opacity to continuous opacity in the atmosphere; both are related to the number density of the absorbing atoms and so provide the number ratio of line absorbers to continuum absorbers. ...

... 2.3 Establishing the Extragalactic Distance Scale . ... 2.3.2 The Second Rung: Distances to stellar clusters . ... 2.3.4 Distances to Local Group Galaxies . ... The Luminosity Function of Planetary Nebulae . ... 3.2.2 Clusters of Galaxies . ... 4.2 Evidence for Dark Matter as a Function of Scale Size . ... 4.3 Other Dark Matter Indicators for Galaxies . ... What is the nature of the large-scale distribution of matter in the universe as traced by the three-dimensional galaxy distribution? ...

Russian SHAREABLE DATA CENTER Institute of Solar-Terrestial Physics SB RAS . ... A most promising problem is to investigate the interaction of two VHF powerful radiowave beams in the ionosphere, whose difference frequency is equal to the plasma frequency in some ionospheric area (that is, the difference frequency is taken in the range 1-8 MHz). ... Two-frequency interaction effects are based on radiowave non-linear mixing, which is rather complicated when describing and modelling the experiment. ...

... Research areas . ... Facilities and equipment . ... Samara region . ... Scientific Publications . ... Samara State Aerospace University Research Research and education centers Quality Problems and Technologies Science and Research Institute (NII-204) . ... Field of Scientific Research: . ... Solution of scientific and applied problems of production, technology and engineering products quality management systems certification. Equipment . ... Plasma spraying equipment set . ...

... Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer. 2002 January 28 . An Apollo 17 Panorama . Credit: Apollo 17 Crew, NASA . Explanation: What would it be like to stand on the surface of another world, to look all around you, and to try to figure out how this world got there? ... In this case, the world was Earth 's own Moon . ... About APOD | ... NASA Technical Rep.: ...

Meade Forum Message . ... Meade Equipment Discussion | ... Autostar 497 Slew Problems.. ... For some reason, my Autostar 497 has started an odd problem; no matter which slew speed I select, it will always start moving at the 'Max' speed when I push the directional arrows. ... www.astronomy.net . About Astronomy Net | Advertise on Astronomy Net | ... Forum posts are Copyright their authors as specified in the heading above the post. "dbHTML," "AstroGuide," "ASTRONOMY.NET" & "VA.NET" . ...

... Indeed, one alteration of orbits can be the outright ejection of a planet. When several big planets are orbiting a star under each other's influence, the system is inherently unstable. ... We know of no good reason why the smallest objects with fusion should have the same mass as the smallest objects that can form by themselves. ... 6) Mission Definition . ... I don't think this mission is impossible, and will suggest a definition in a future article in Mercury. ... Good luck! . ...