... Viking was designed to orbit Mars and to land and operate on the planet's surface. ... After studying orbiter photos, the Viking site certification team considered the original landing site for Viking 1 unsafe. ... Certification of a new landing site took place in time for a Mars landing on September 3, 1976, at Utopia Planitia, at 47.7њN latitude, and 225.8њ longitude. ... Changes in the Martian surface occur extremely slowly, at least at the Viking landing sites. ...

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• Viking
• Mars Surveyor '98 Lander
• Lunar Orbiter 1

MARS-96 . ROBOTIC SPACECRAFT MISSION TO MARS. ... Scientific goals . ... Orbiter . ... the experiments . ... SCIENTIFIC OBJECTIVES OF THE ORBITER EXPERIMENTS . The experiments on board the orbiter should study the atmosphere and surface of Mars with remote sensing methods. ... Measurements of the elemental composition with a gamma-spectrometer (PHOTON experiment) and of the mineralogical composition with IR-spectrometers (OMEGA and PFS) make it possible to get data about the nature of rocks. ...

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• MAGION-4 Spacecraft (C2-X)
• ExoMars 2018 mission
• Polar Orbiting Satellites

... Launch Date: 1966-08-10 . ... The Lunar Orbiter 1 spacecraft was designed primarily to photograph smooth areas of the lunar surface for selection and verification of safe landing sites for the Surveyor and Apollo missions. ... The spacecraft was placed in a cislunar trajectory and injected into an elliptical lunar orbit for data acquisition. ... An 80-millimeter lens system was used to obtain Medium-Resolution (MR) photos, and a 610-millimeter lens system was used for High-Resolution (HR) photos. ...

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• Lunar Orbiter 4
• Polar Orbiting Satellites
• Lunar Orbiter 3

GRANAT is the Russian x-ray sattelite launched to the high apogee orbit (200,000 km) and operated almost for 10 years (1989 -1999) , carrying out four major instruments: French SIGMA coded-mask hard x-ray telescope (30-1000 keV), Soviet ART-P coded-mask telescope (2??-60?? keV), all-sky monitor WATCH (6-150 keV), and a gamma-burst detector PHEBUS . ... Since September 1994, GRANAT is in the survey mode. ... Explore pages devoted to individual GRANAT instruments (including main scientific results): . ...

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Instrument . ... Scanning TV-sensor with on-board data recording system for global coverage mode . ... recording, direct transmission . ... IR-radiometer for global coverage and direct data transmission modes . ... The scientific instrument package onboard the Meteor-3 spacecraft provides for regular instant acquisition of images of cloudiness and Earth surface in visible and infra-red bands, data on air temperature and humidity, sea surface temperature and clouds temperature. ...

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STScI . ... Phase I Proposing . ... Astronomer's Proposal Tool . ... STScI solicits proposals for HST Observing, Archival Theoretical Research. ... HST Cycle 24 Phase II Proposal Deadline . The Call for Proposals (CP) invites the astronomical community to propose for observing time on HST in a given cycle (nominally one year in duration). It summarizes the policies and procedures for proposing in that cycle of HST observing, including requests for funding research on archival HST data. ...

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• STIS Instrument Handbook
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• Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer Instrument Handbook for

NASA Press Release Text - June 24, 1996 GALILEO READY FOR CLOSE FLYBY OF JUPITER'S BIGGEST MOON Now residing in orbit around Jupiter, NASA's Galileo spacecraft is primed for its first close flyby of Jupiter's largest moon, Ganymede, at 2:29 a.m. EDT on June 27, 1996. ... In the days just before and after the Ganymede flyby, Galileo's other studies will include a search for auroral activity on Jupiter's nightside and observations of other Jovian moons: Io, Europa and Callisto. ...

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• APOD: November 15, 1996 - Searching For Solar Systems
• APOD: December 3, 1999 - Southern Mars
• Triton

... Bob Benoit Manager of the Optics Division L-3 IOS SSG . Thursday, Apr 9, 2009 at 8:00 PM . ... Bob will talk about the telescope, and also describe some of the results from the M3’s first few months in lunar orbit. ... Thursday, Apr 9, 2009 at 8:00 PM in Phillips Auditorium, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics ( 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA ). ... Apr . ... Copyright (c) Amateur Telescope Makers of Boston, Inc. ...

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... S.P. KOROLEV ROCKET AND SPACE CORPORATION ENERGIA . ... OAO RSC "Energia" . ... Company's History . ... Flights Chronology . ... ISS Russian Segment . ... News . ... Testing of such "fast" docking capability will allow the crews of transport manned vehicles "Soyuz ТМА" to arrive to the ISS during the first flight day, that, will primarily facilitate the process of crew adaption to space flight conditions. ... RSC Energia: Progress MS-02 docked with the ISS.' ... 2015 JSC "S.P. Korolev RSC "Energia" ...

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• RSC "Energia" - Land Launch
• S.P.Korolev RSC Energia - MIR ORBITAL COMPLEX
• S.P. Korolev RSC Energia - International Space Station

... The Tails of Comet Hyakutake . ... This photograph of Comet Hyakutake was taken the night of April 18th and highlights different components of the tail. ... Polaris, the north star, is the bright star seen just to the upper right of the comet's head. ... Saturn's Rings Seen Sideways . ... Comet Hyakutake is seen here just as the Sun sets on April 22. As April draws to a close, Comet Hyakutake will be visible only just after sunset and will be hard to discern against the brightly lit sky. ...

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Astronotes Armagh Planetarium's Stellar Blog! ... Space Flight . ... Living the тАЬDreamтАЭ, the Dream Chaser; a mini Shuttle? Image credit: NASA) . The main objectives of the Dream Chaser program as described by its makers is to provide a passenger and cargo transportation system into Low Earth Orbit which will in turn help service and maintain the International Space Station. ... The Dream Chaser would be launched by an Atlas V rocket. Image Credit: NASA.) ... Dream Chaser test flight. ...

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• Most Earth-like exoplanet found by ESO | Astronotes
• ESO: the Amazing European Southern Observatory | Astronotes
• Columbia Tragedy: A Horrifying Memory | Astronotes

... NASA SPACECRAFT FINDS NEW EVIDENCE FOR WATER ICE ON MERCURY . ... The new data indicate the water ice in Mercury's polar regions, if spread over an area the size of Washington, D.C., would be more than 2 miles thick," said David Lawrence, a MESSENGER participating scientist at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) in Laurel, Md., and lead author of one of three papers describing the findings. ... Water ice concentrations are derived from the hydrogen measurements. ...

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• Solar System Studies at AO
• Orbits in the period / acceleration plane

... Tracking stations will be selected in accordance with the schedule issued daily by the General Operative Control Group (GOCG) in Lavochkin Association with the gaps in operations during spacecraft contact with the control stations (CS). ... Communication frequencies (carrier): high data rate information transmission downlink from the SRT ­ 15.000 GHz; uplink synchronization ­ 7.2075 GHz; downlink synchronization ­ 8.400 GHz. ...

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• Description of the RadioAstron project, english version
• RadioAstron Mission Element Overview

... Mark C. Lee (Colonel, USAF, Ret.) NASA Astronaut (former) . ... EDUCATION: Graduated from Viroqua High School, Viroqua, Wisconsin, in 1970; received a bachelor of science degree in civil engineering from the U.S. Air Force Academy in 1974, and a master of science degree in mechanical engineering from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1980. ... NASA EXPERIENCE: Lee was selected as an astronaut candidate by NASA in May 1984. ... Lee retired from NASA and the Air Force effective July 1, 2001. ...

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• Astronaut Bio: Shannon Lucid (02/2012)
• Astronaut Bio: Peter J. K. Wisoff 11/2001
• NASA JSC History Portal

... Mars . ... News . ... NASA's newest Mars mission spacecraft enters orbit around the Red Planet . ... On September 21, 2014, NASA's MAVEN spacecraft entered orbit around Mars, completing an interplanetary journey of 10 months and 442 million miles (711 million kilometers). ... NASA s Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) spacecraft successfully entered Mars orbit at 10:24 p.m. EDT Sunday, Septempter 21, where it now will prepare to study the Red Planet s upper atmosphere as never done before...

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• NASA mission provides its first look at martian upper atmosphere | Astronomy...
• Mars mission team addressing vacuum leak on key science instrument |
• Mars spacecraft ready for September 21 orbit insertion | Astronomy.com

XMM-Newton Science Analysis System Page: 1 orbit November 22, 2004 Abstract Create a FITS timeseries \HK-like" le from the ODF Spacecraft Reconstructed Orbit File. ... Both sets of values will be written into a standard OGIP-compliant FITS binary extension table with a TIME column value, derived from a start, stop and sampling interval time, each speci ed by the user. ... StartANDEndNotInODFRange (error) Start AND End times selected not congruent with input ODF obs times. ... 7 Output Files 1. ...

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• http://xmm.vilspa.esa.es/sas/5.4.1/doc/orbit.ps.gz
• http://xmm.vilspa.esa.es/sas/8.0.0/doc/orbit.ps.gz
• http://xmm.vilspa.esa.es/sas/7.1.0/doc/orbit.ps.gz

... He made observations of a supernova (literally: nova= "new star") in 1572 (we now know that a supernova is an exploding star, not a new star). ... Brahe's meticulous observations showed that the supernova did not change positions with respect to the other stars (no parallax). ... This was early evidence against the immutable nature of the heavens, although Brahe did not interpret the absence of parallax for stars correctly, as we discuss below. Brahe made careful observations of a comet in 1577. ...

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Meteors are more than just pretty lights in the sky. Since the majority of meteor-producing meteoroids originate from comets, they contain invaluable information about these objects not otherwise obtainable. ... One such possibility is the planet Mars. ... Taking into account the slower average speed of incoming material at the heliocentric distance of Mars from the Sun, a meteoroid of the same mass entering the martian atmosphere at 30km/sec would produce a meteor +0.5 mag fainter than at Earth. ...

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• Armagh Observatory
• Chlidren enjoy the 3D images and outreach material provided by Goddard |
• Library, Archives and Historic Scientific Instruments Building

Home About Meade Product Information Dealer Locator Customer Support Investor Relations Dealer Support Employment Opportunities Site Map . Meade Instruments Corporation . ... The Autostar/LX200 Command Set . ... The LX200 Command Set may be used to write custom software for remote operation of an LX200 telescope with a personal computer. ... The name Meade and the Meade logo may be used only with permission from Meade Instruments Corporation. ... Autostar Downloads . ... product information | ...

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• Meade Instruments Corporation - Meade Model 9600 Microscope Instruction Manual
• Meade Instruments Corporation - Meade Model 9460 Microscope Instruction Manual

... A small yet powerful planning and scheduling toolkit has been built for the Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite ( SWAS ) Small Explorer spacecraft. ... The simple design, minimal resource requirements and easy extensibility of the SWAS planning and scheduling toolkit should make it useful for other space astronomy missions. ... The relatively severe time and manpower constraints for the development of the SWAS Planning and Scheduling toolkit have forced it to remain small and simple. ...

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• The ESO VLT CCD Detectors Software
• The Ground Support Facilities for the BeppoSAX Mission
• ETCs and Observations Simulation at the VLT