... For SIMS (Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry) analysis, a solid surface is bombarded by primary ions of some keV energy. ... The subsequent mass analysis of the emitted ions provides detailed information on the elemental and molecular composition of the surface. ... Extremely short ion pulses with a duration below . ... By rastering a fine-focussed ion beam over the surface, like an electron beam in an electron microprobe, mass resolved secondary ion images (chemical maps) can be obtained...

In this gallery are many images of Low Surface Brightness Galaxies which have recently been discovered and analyzed. ... The central surface brightness of this galaxy is 24.28 . Malin 2 This galaxy is another huge disk galaxy with a scale length of 15 kpc and a redshift of 15000 km/a. The high surface brightness knot in one of its spiral arms actually has the same color, luminosity and H-alpha equivalent width as the entire Large Magellanic Cloud . ... Truly it is a Low Surface Brightness Galaxy. ...

... It can · · obtain ice sample from 20 cm or deeper surface layer, then melt it and extract biomass from the ice surface water by filtration; Laser TOF MS for the measurements of element composition of the biomass; Gas TOF MS for the detection of: 1) volatile components, generated at the heating of biomass sample (closed window mode); 2) secondary ions , emitted from ice matrix by the influence of energetic magnetosphere ... Spectrum of yeast sample. ... Laser TOF MS 6. ...

... About ATNF overview . ... Both are consistent with earlier estimates, computed for the population of optically selected galaxies. This consistency occurs because, although the distribution of optical central surface brightnesses among galaxies is flat, we fail to find a population of galaxies with central surface brightnesses fainter than 24б  B - , even though there is no observational selection against them. Keywords: Galaxies: Luminosity Function, Mass Function; Surveys . ...

We present an initial look at the far-infrared-radio correlation within the star-forming disks of four nearby, nearly face-on galaxies (NGC 2403, NGC 3031, NGC 5194, and NGC 6946). ... The best-fit smoothing kernels for the two less active star-forming galaxies (NGC 2403 and NGC 3031) have much larger scale lengths than those of the more active star-forming galaxies (NGC 5194 and NGC 6946). ...

... Telescopes ћ Binoculars ћ Microscopes . Meade Ultra-High Transmission coatings (UHTC ) Group . ... Meade Standard Coatings: The optical surfaces of all Meade telescopes include high-grade optical coatings fully consistent in quality with the precision of the optical surfaces themselves. ... These specialized, and extremely advantageous, coatings are offered here as the Meade Ultra-High Transmission Coatings (UHTC) group, a coatings group available optionally on many Meade telescope models. ...

Next: Star Formation Rate and Up: No Title Previous: Calculation of Evolutionary Tracks . To start calculations, we choose the distributions of the initial binary parameters: the mass of the primary ZAMS component, , binary mass ratio, , orbital separation a . ... whereas the mass ratio distribution is not. ... The zero assumption often made is that the mass ratio distribution has a flat shape, that is binaries with a high mass ratio occur as frequently as those with equal masses. ...

... Viking Images . ... Each spacecraft consisted of an orbiter and a lander. ... The first month of orbit was devoted to imaging the surface to find appropriate landing sites for the Viking Landers. On July 20, 1976 Viking Lander 1 separated from the Orbiter and touched down at Chryse Planitia. ... The Viking Landers transmitted images of the surface, took surface samples and analyzed them for composition and signs of life, studied atmospheric composition and meteorology, and deployed seismometers. ...

The temperature of the spindle housing is plotted v. time. ... The spindle housing was initially at room temperature. An exponential equation was fit to the data. The time constant is 3.5 +/- 1.2 hours and the equilibrium temperature is 26 +/- 6 њC above ambient. ... The displacement of the front surface of the spindle housing relative to the table is plotted v. time. ... The time constant is 6.0 +/- 0.6 hours and the equilibrium temperature was assumed to be 20њC, i.e., room temperature. ...

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Compilation of Surface Brightness . HyperLeda home | Documentation | Search by name | ... Search an object in the surface brightness catalogue . The surface brightness in magnitudes per square arcsec (mag arcsec -2 ) . ... Surface brightness at effective radius . ... Effective mean surface brightness within the effective radius (equivalent radius in which half the total flux is emitted). ... Quality Flag The quality flag has the following meaning: . ... regular measurement . ...

Next: Particle Background Rejection Up: Detection Efficiency Previous: Front Illumination . ... The method requires that the CCD substrate be etched from the rear towards the depletion layer boundary. The device can be illuminated through this rear surface, which has a much thinner dead layer than the electrode side. ... The corresponding detection efficiency data are presented in Figure 7, and compared with the predicted data for a 20 m thick depletion layer. ...

... One of these factors is how the client application uses VDPAU; i.e. the number of surfaces allocated for buffering, order of operations, etc. ... At a bare minimum, the application must allocate one video surface for each reference frame that the stream can use (2 for MPEG or VC-1, a variable stream-dependent number for H.264) plus one surface for the picture currently being decoded. However, if this minimum number of surfaces is used, performance may be poor. ... Performance Levels . ...

... OOF . ... OOF Index . ... OOF software . ... Fits up to fifth order . ... These are experimental data currently being analysed, not final documentation of research. ... Only fitting for Zernike orders up to and including 3rd to concentrate on finding possible off-axis aberrations. ... The results below show that when fitting for all Zernikes up to and including fifth order, the output maps vary greatly between pixels. As above, but fitting up to fifth order Zernike polynomial. ...

. unfiltered . PC 1 . PC 2 . PC 3 . PC 4 . PC 5 . PC 6 . Sum of nine first PC's 2-10 . Difference between the initial signal and ten first PC 1-10 .

... EXPERIMENTS AND RESEARCHES . ... BIOTECHNOLOGICAL EXPERIMENT . ... Development of biological safety assurance techniques for spacecraft based on the investigation of initial stages of colonization of surfaces of structural materials of habitation modules and SC external surfaces by various microorganisms. ... Investigation of the initial stages of colonization of surfaces of structural materials by microorganisms under ISS crew confined habitation environment conditions. EXPERIMENT RESULTS: . ...

image collection >> biological phenomena >> increased productivity . Image asar-seawifs030904 . ... SeaWifs + Envisat ASAR . ... Portuguese coast . ... The transparency is made by overlaying a SeaWifs image on top of an Envisat ASAR image . It reveals both the sea surface signatures of oceanic internal waves, and the surface chlorophyll concentration distribution off Portugal's west coast. ... Image . surface geometry : ~100*96 km . image size: 680pxl*652pxl . ...

... Opportunity at Santa Maria Crater . ... 29.01.2011 . ... Credit Copyright: Mars Exploration Rover Mission , NASA , JPL , Cornell ; Image Processing: Marco Di Lorenzo, Kenneth Kremer Explanation: Celebrating 7 years on the surface of the Red Planet , Mars exploration rover Opportunity now stands near the rim of 90 meter wide Santa Maria crater . ... January 2011 . ... Publications with keywords: Mars - Martian Rover . Publications with words: Mars - Martian Rover . ... Intrepid Crater on Mars . ...

... The procedure of radiometer signal integration can be considered as a sort of reducing dimension of the initial sampling space, where the samples are the result of analog-to-digital conversion. ... The probability distribution of the signal and spikes is completely known. ... The quality of the considered algorithm could be also illustrated by Figure 2 . ... One could see the considered adaptive algorithm is preferable even by low degree of compression, because all spikes have been depressed. ...

Amanda Karakas One of the most important research fields in astrophysics is the study of the origin of the elements. ... Asymptotic Giant Blanch (AGB) Stars: For low and intermediate-mass stars (with initial masses between about 0.8 to 8 solar masses) the most important nucleosynthesis occurs when stars evolve off the main sequence to the giant branches. ... This indicates that these stars obtained their unusual abundances via mass transfer from a previous red giant star, that has long evolved away. ...