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... The Irkutsk IS radar has the opportinuty to measure several ionospheric plasma parameters such as electron density N e , electron and ion temperatures T e , T i , and drift plasma velocity along the sounding direction. ... To the 1999-2001 data we have added the E-layer ionosphere model to electron concentration profile, which has been constructed by integral concentration from the ionosphere beginning from 160 km obtained from experiment. ... Capabilities and samples | ...

... We study the variation of the line width and electron density as a function of height above the north polar coronal hole from forbidden spectral lines of Si VIII. The spectra were obtained with the Solar Ultraviolet Measurement of Emitted Radiation spectrometer flown on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory spacecraft.The present data show that the non-thermal velocity increases from at 27 arcsec above the limb to some 250 arcsec ( 180,000 km) above the limb. ...

Proposal Identi cation No.: T1057 Date Received: 1997-Oct- 1 20:15:45 Technical Page Proposal Type: Regular General Category: Terrestrial Aeronomy Sub-Category: Radar Observation Category: Ionospheric Total Time Requested: 36 Hours Proposal Title: Study of unusual electron distribution functions in the winter day time E-region ABSTRACT: The variations of the density, temperature and energy distribution function of the electrons may give some clues about the energy balance in the Ionosphere. ...

... Status of the ELECTRON experiment . ... The objective of the ELECTRON experiment is to perform 3-D measurements of the plasma electrons in the energy range from 10 eV to 26000 eV, with good angular resolution, sensitivity and large dynamical range. ... Figure 1 presents the ELECTRON sensor. ... Click on the picture to view large one) . ... Figure 3 shows dynamical spectra with counting rate measurements performed by ELECTRON experiment during very multiple magnetopause crossings on February, 4, 1996...

ION AND ELECTRON ENERGY DETECTOR PAN-2 . ... The energy and angular distributions of charged particles can bring further information on the nature and spatial scales of magnetospheres processes. ... It permits the fast measurements of energy and angular parameters of charged particles in the range 40eV-40keV. ... The sensor unit is an electron electrostatic, axially symmetrical, toroidal analyzer. ... The energy range for both types of charged particles must stepped according to the logarithmic scale. ...

... Aurora from Space . ... Magnetic Storms . ... The "ring of fire" seen by satellite cameras around the polar caps (picture below) is probably created by electrons leaking from the tail's plasma sheet, whose magnetic field lines form a somewhat imperfect trap. ... One possible explanation involves the close association between auroral arcs and electric currents which flow along field lines between the ionosphere and distant space ( Birkeland currents ). ... Why no aurora at the magnetic poles? ...