There are two azimuth encoders. ... The first plots show the encoder difference versus azimuth (.ps) ( .pdf) : . Top plot: The encoder difference (in encoder units) versus azimuth angle. ... Bottom plot: the same plot with the vertical scale in degrees rather than encoder counts (there are about 6935 encoder counts in a degree). There is a positive going bump in the encoder difference at az=160 degrees and a corresponding negative going bump 180 degrees away. ...

... sin f = y / r . cos f = x / r . ... They are now viewed as new definitions of the sine and cosine, for the polar angle f given by x and y ( a slightly different way of formulating this definition is described further below ). ... sin 2 f + cos 2 f = 1 . ... Angle . ... Many trigonometry texts define the sine and cosine slightly differently, using the so-called unit circle . ... Then the distance AB ("the sine line") equals sin a , and the distance OA ("the cosine line") equals cos a . ...

... Is the night sky darkest in the direction opposite the Sun? ... The Seagull Nebula . ... This portrait of the cosmic bird covers a 1.6 degree wide swath across the plane of the Milky Way, near the direction of Sirius, alpha star of the constellation Canis Major. NGC 7293: The Helix Nebula . ... The cluster, dominated by bright blue stars, can be seen with the naked eye in a dark sky in the tail of the constellation of the Scorpion (Scorpius). ... Galaxy NGC 474: Shells and Star Streams . ...

Figure 4. This shows the axial sag of encoder A as a function of telescope elevation angle. The circles show data collected while the elevation angle was increasing from the horizon (0 degrees) towards the zenith (90 degrees) and the squares show data collected in the opposite direction. ... The differences between the values of m2 measured when the elevation angle is increasing and that measured when the elevation angles are decreasing is real. ...

... Using my little fractal asteroid generator I thought it would be fun to vbuild a hypothtical asteroid and see what kind of rotational lightcurves it would produce. There are a lot of free variables here - asteroid rotation axis, illumination direction and then there's a whole slew of surface properties which I could look at.... anyway here' a few examples... 0 degrees . ... 135 Degrees . ... All these angles are taken with respect to the viewer, and in the plane of the object's rotation. ...

The choice of which type of electricity is called "positive" and which "negative" was made around 1750 by Ben Franklin, early American scientist and man of many talents. Franklin studied static electricity, produced by rubbing glass, amber, sulfur etc. with fur or dry cloth. ... Later, when electric batteries were discovered, scientists naturally assigned the direction of the flow of current to be from (+) to (-). ... Exploration" home page (index) Glossary . Official GSFC Home Page .. ...

... Files . ... measures . ... appropriate 'set' 00115 // methods 00116 ParAngleMachine (); 00117 // Construct for the specified direction 00118 ParAngleMachine ( const MDirection in); 00119 // Copy constructor (deep copy) 00120 ParAngleMachine ( const ParAngleMachine other); 00121 // Copy assignments (deep copy) 00122 ParAngleMachine operator= ( const ParAngleMachine other); 00123 00124 //# Destructor 00125 ~ParAngleMachine (); 00126 00127 //# Operators 00128 // Return parallactic ...

Note: An equivalent list, with Statistics terms described for Astronomers, is available at www.ics.uci.edu/~dvd/Astro/stat-jargon-for-astro.pdf . ... X-ray wavelengths geneally range from O(1) to O(100) ?. The equivalent unit of photon energy is [keV], where 1 eV = 1.609 10 -12 ergs, and [?]=12.3985/[keV]. ... Includes the combined telescope/filter/detector areas and efficiencies as a function of energy averaged over time. ... Emission Measure . ... Event . ... Photons v/s Counts . ...

... Viking Orbiter Mission 1975 . ... YY = sequential number of image during orbit . FILTER . ... Scale of one pixel at center of image . ... Azimuth of (direction to) North, measured clockwise from zero line defined by a horizontal line drawn from the center of the image perpendicular to the right edge . SUN AZ . Azimuth of (direction to) Sun, measured clockwise from zero line defined by a horizontal line drawn from the center of the image perpendicular to the right edge . ... SUNS LS . ...

... The Science Operation Department is composed of Astronomers, Telescope Instruments Operators(TIOs) and Data Handling Administrators(DHAs). ... Astronomers have proposed several methods to quantitatively measure the amount of turbulence above the telescope, which the most common ones is Differential Image Motion Monitor (DIMM). In optical testing, the Hartmann test is the common method to test the quality of optical components. ... Hartmann mask consists of 48 lenses. ...

... RADIATION AND ECOLOGICAL MONITORING . ... OF MEASURING CHANNELS . Parameters of ecological fields measured by ARES . Parameter measured, . ... Volumetric activity of gases radionuclides in the air, Bq/m 3 : . ... of inert gases . ... Volumetric activity of a- and b-active aerosols, Bq/m 3 : . ... Concentration of nitric oxide NO, mg/m 3 . ... Meteorological parameters measured by ARES . ... 0.5 + 0.05 V), where V - measured wind velocity . ... Official WEB-site of S.P.Korolev RSC Energia . ...

... Bringing news from across the Universe to children all around the world . ... The astronomical camera that took this new photo of the centre of our Galaxy makes everyday digital cameras look like nothing more than toys! When you go to a shop to buy a new camera, you will see that they talk about how many megapixels it has. ... From this super high-quality photo, astronomers can see about 173 million objects, of which about 84 million have already been confirmed as stars! ...

... Milky Way . ... Science Fiction . ... Karl Guthe Jansky (1905-50) was born in Norman, Oklahoma; he was of French, Czech and English descent and grew up in Madison, Wisconsin.б  Jansky was the third of six children and was named after physicist Karl Guthe whom his father Cyril Jansky had worked for earlier in his career.An interest in science and physics was perhaps in KarlБЂ™s genes as Cyril Karl Jansky БЂњRadio Astronomy, I am your fatherБЂќ (Image credit:Wikimedia.org) . ...

... Up: Real-Time Systems . ... The Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer ( RXTE ) spacecraft contains a large Proportional Counter Array (PCA) experiment which produces high count rates for many X-ray sources. ... This allows opportunity for some serious real time interpretation and decision making by the experiment controller, duty scientist, and Guest Observer (GO), if present. ... This paper briefly describes the available Science Monitoring subsystem display options. ...

... We also take care to characterise the flat fields, especially their colour dependence, to very high precision which enables high precision photometry even without autoguiding. ... The Blue Diamond Effect The blue diamond effect is caused by surface imperfections on the silicon chip introduced during manufacture, resulting in a repeated large scale pattern in the flat field at blue wavelengths. ... We can remove the blue diamond by using a colour appropriate flat field produced in the lab. ...

ENERGOSPECTROMETER OF IONOSPHERIC PLASMA P3-3 . ... The major objective of the P3-3 experiment is complex investigation the main parameters of ionospheric plasma with high time and spatial resolution. ... Measured parameters: . ... The experiment produce regular data - measured with fixed time interval and «packet» data - measured once per specific time interval and producing blocks of TM-information. ... If all parameters will be measured once per second, the experiment will produce 10 MB per orbit. ...

... Star Atlas . ... Cosmic Adventures . ... Fermi measures cosmic "fog" produced by ancient starlight . ... The background map shows the entire sky and was constructed from four years of gamma-rays with energies above 10 billion electron volts (GeV) detected by Fermi. ... The remaining gamma-ray photons arrive at Fermi, interact with tungsten plates in the LAT, and produce the electrons and positrons whose paths through the detector allows astronomers to backtrack the gamma rays to their source. ...

... Archaeoastronomers measure four important angles (see figure 3 and figure 4 ): . ... Because this angle does not change as the Earth rotates, astronomers use it to describe the positions of stars. ... For the North Star, the elevation equals the geographic latitude. ... Azimuth, the angle between north and the star (angle A in figure 4 ), measured along the observer's horizon. ... Astronomers are always using these angles to determine where to find a particular star at a particular time of year. ...

Type Ia supernovae are the thermonuclear explosion of a carbon-oxygen white dwarf. ... Coupling this to recent work by Richard Scalzo, we find that SNe Ia from white dwarfs below the Chandrasekhar mass consistently produce a modest amount of nickel (~0.5 solar masses) while Chandrasekhar mass white dwarfs produce a broader range (0.4-1.2 solar masses) - this may consistute evidence for two distinct explosion mechanisms. ...

... After passing degree work in MAO of NAS of of USSR Sosonkin has received the recommendation for receipt in post-graduate course of M??. ... Subjects of his scientific work were use of new receivers of radiation, in particular of electron-optical converters at observant astronomy. ... On industrial base FTI Sosonkin has created installation on base EOC UM - 92 for Cassegrain focus of a telescope ?ZT-2 and similar to it and installation with the same type EOC for focus of Newton. ...