130 Years of Earth Surface Temperatures . ... The above movie dramatizes the result showing 130 years of planet-wide temperature changes relative to the local average temperatures in the mid-1900s. In the above global maps , red means warmer and blue means colder . On average, the display demonstrates that the temperature on Earth has increased by nearly one degree Celsius over the past 130 years, and many of the warmest years on record have occurred only recently. ... NASA Official: Jay Norris. ...

... Each day a different image or photograph of our fascinating universe is featured, along with a brief explanation written by a professional astronomer. 2014 October 15 . Mysterious Changing feature on Titan . Image Credit: Cassini Radar Mapper , Cornell , JPL , ESA , NASA . Explanation: What is that changing object in a cold hydrocarbon sea of Titan? ... Subsequent observations in 2014 found the object remained -- but had changed! ... About APOD | ... A service of: ASD at NASA / GSFC . ...

We present new images of the reflection nebula surrounding the R Coronae Borealis Star, UW Centauri. ... Instead, the morphology of the nebula appears to change as different parts are illuminated by light from the central star that is modulated by shifting thick dust clouds near its surface. ... In this way, the central star acts like a lighthouse shining through holes in the dust clouds and lighting up different portions of the nebula. ... ADS Citation Query . citations = 21 . ...

... Bad Astronomy . ... I think I will break from my usual format of Bad Astronomy/ Good Astronomy by saying that the way we define seasons currently is not strictly bad, but I feel (in my opinion!) that it could be better. The definition of when the seasons begin is at the moment of solstice or equinox; that is, winter (in the north) starts on December 22 nd and summer starts on June 22 nd . ... Now imagine breaking up the Sun's 46 degree up-and-down yearly swing into 1 day intervals. ...

spaceweb@oulu.fi - last update: 14 January 1999, 0950 UT (RR) . Term 'global change' is used to describe the changes of the large scale weather systems on Earth , and especially the surface temperature increase, by man-made increase of atmospheric CO 2 . ... It is the last point that is of importance for space physics, since it is possible that also the changes in Sun 's activity could be causing some changes in terrestrial climate. ... Space Physics Text Book of Oulu ...

An Ancient Universe: How Astronomers Know the Vast Scale of Cosmic Time . ... a) Changes in the Solar System - Continued . The Cratered Face of the Moon Impact craters on the Earth, Moon, and other worlds are formed by the bombardment of chunks of rock and ice from space. ... So we conclude that the solar system experienced many more impacts in the distant past than today. ... The Changing Universe - Changes in the Solar System - Changes in Stars - Changes in the Universe | ...

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The turret floor sits on a set of rollers bolted to the feed tower. The rolling surface sits between the bottom of the floor and the rollers. ... The plot shows the roll of the turret floor during a turret spin (.ps) ( .pdf) from 26 to 340 degrees and back (roll is in the direction of rotation). ... If there were 6 sections of rolling surface you might expect this spacing to be 60 degrees (or some beat of the 60 degree spacing and the spacing of the fixed rollers). ...

... Astronomers once thought Pluto's atmosphere would condense down to the surface as it moved away from the Sun. Can that still be true, and if so, is that causing the surface features we now see? ... This is almost certainly because the atmosphere which is nitrogen, like Earth s atmosphere is also frozen as ice on the surface. ... Get instant access to subscriber content on Astronomy.com! ... If you are already registered on Astronomy.com, please log in below. ...

. Food/crop/plant production is very sensitive to climate; many zones exist .

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Next: J.E. Chambers, Research Astronomer Up: Research Previous: Research Contents . ... Solar Variability and Climate . Other Activities . ... Applied to data of flares on Gliese866 he was able to estimate the area of hydrogen emitting flare regions as 1-13% of the stellar surface. ... As partners in the project, Armagh Observatory has been asked to contribute to the selection process in exchange for priority access to the data which will eventually flow from the satellite. ...