... The filter "Lighting Effects" is a freebie that came with this program, and in my opinion is practically worth the whole purchase price all by itself. ... You can select different light sources, and combine them with texture channels to warp your image. ... Depending on how you use it, pure white is the highest point on the image, and black the lowest. ... You can adjust the brightness and spread here, or choose other types of lighting. ... Use these if your image is turning out too dark or light. ...

... The file lpf_coefficients.txt , which is created automatically as part of the filter generator's output, contains the actual values of the low-pass filter coefficients. ... The file contains a few comments about the filter in lines beginning with a "#". ... In the hardware, the gain of the filter is scaled by the "gain" comment at the beginning of the file (about 1.05) to accommodate for the window function and the truncated sin(x)/x to give a mean gain of 1.0 for the filter. ...

adapted from Observe: Eclipses, published in 1979 by the Astronomical League and "Safe Solar Filters," by B. Ralph Chou, Sky and Telescope, August 1981) . ... Tape TWO pieces of film together into a sandwich, and tape this over the opening in the cardboard. ... The cardboard frame will act as a shade from the bright Sun, while you safely observe through the film sandwich. ... Undeveloped film is not safe. ... tape . ... At the end of one of the tubes, tape the aluminum foil, and make a tiny pinhole. ...

... I have compiled a list of throughput filter curves from a variety of telescopes, instruments, and surveys. Click on the name of the filter to download it. The first line of each filter is the zeropoint for that filter. If the filter is in the AB system, it is listed as 0.0 (or in otherwords -48.55). ... Filter . Effective Wavelength . ... A_V . ... 0.987 . ... 0.050 . ...

... 11 Yellow-Green (78% transmission): Contrasts well with the red and blue characteristics of surface features on Jupiter and Saturn. ... 82A Light Blue (73% transmission): Useful on the Moon, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn, this subtle pale blue filter enhances areas of low contrast while avoiding significant reduction of overall image brightness. ... Meade Series 4000 Photo-Visual Color Filters may be ordered individually or in the following sets: . ... Meade Series 4000 Broadband Nebular Filters . ...

Measurement of Sky Brightness at the Iranian National Observatory Davoud Afshari1 and Sadollah Nasiri1,2 1Physics Department, Zanjan University, Zanjan 45195-313, Iran; Institute for Advanced studies in Basic Science (IASBS), Zanjan 45195-1159, Iran; Measurement of light pollution 2 Introduction Among 34 candidate sites at the central part of the country, 5 sites namely Garkesh (in Kashan ), Kolahbarfi(in Kashan ), Deynava (in ... One of these is light pollution. ...

... The Galactic low-mass X-ray binary GS 2023+338 was discovered during the burst on May 22, 1989 with the Japanise satellite Ginga (aka Galaxy). The flux reached 17 crabs (this unit of flux measurement is an bright X-ray source, Crab Nebula) at 10-35 keV. ... No other radio telescope worldwide carried out multi-frequency measurements. ... Upon 14 days the radio flux fell below the detection level at the RATAN-600 in relation to the decrease of the X-ray flux. ...

... Previous: Background Fluctuation Analysis from the Multiscale Entropy . ... A new measure of information is defined which is based on noise modeling and incorporates resolution scale. Properties of this measure are discussed. ... Additionally it allows for image noise modeling, and subsequent noise removal. ... Hence information- and entropy-based processing technologies will be necessary for the effective design and implementation of large, future generation, image databases. ...

... ATNF Home . About ATNF . ... About ATNF overview . ... Australia Telescope Steering Committee . ... Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory . ... Parkes radio telescope . ... Mopra radio telescope . ... Parkes | ... Visiting Parkes radio telescope . ... Parkes radio telescope webcam . ... Technical aspects of the new AAO/UKST H interference filter . ... Basic design: A 3-cavity design of ion-assisted deposition (IAD) of refractory oxide material on both sides of a Schott RG610 R-band filter. ...

... Apache HTTP Server Version 2.2 . ... This document describes the use of filters in Apache. ... The Filter Chain is available in Apache 2.0 and higher, and enables applications to process incoming and outgoing data in a highly flexible and configurable manner, regardless of where the data comes from. ... A wider range of applications are implemented by third-party filter modules available from modules.apache.org and elsewhere. ... There are two ways to use filtering: Simple and Dynamic. ...

... They worked out that first magnitude was on average 100 times brighter than the 6th magnitude star. ... This formed an equation of apparent magnitude Mv which is: Mv = -2.5 log f + constant were f is the flux of that star f = ( counts/ exposure) The images that we worked on were taken by the Polar Bear Telescope. ... One of these being that it will be combined with standard stars, which will be used to identify the area of stars and to also help identify other stars within the image. ...

Supernova 1999cl in M88 . This page is devoted to information on Supernova 1999cl in M88 Basic information on this SN, including the last reported brightness, on this Supernova can be found on the main supernova page. Information on the original web pages for many of these images can be found on the Supernova links web page. ... M1 Supernova Search has a 1999cl page . ... Pedro Re' Animated gif image . ... DAX Observatory . ... vsnet-obs 21040 ] (fwd) Observation of Supernova 1999cl in M88 . ...

This document discusses the conventions for combining region and table filters, especially with regards to the comma operator. Filter specifications consist of a series of boolean expressions, separated by commas. ... Region and table filters can be combined: foo.fits[circle(10,10,3),pi=1:5] or even: foo.fits[pha==1 (10,10,3),pi==2 (20,20,8,5)] In these cases, it is not obvious whether the command should utilize an or or and operator. ...

... Tonight's Sky . ... Observing . ... Astronomy for Kids . ... Observing springtime deep-sky objects with a large telescope . ... How do light pollution filters work? Do they actually help? ... Light pollution reduction (LPR) filters work because many outdoor lighting sources do not shine evenly across the visible spectrum. ... Get instant access to subscriber content on Astronomy.com! ... Receive news, sky-event information, observing tips, and more from Astronomy's weekly email newsletter. ...

Astronomy Picture of the Day . SH2 155: The Cave Nebula . ... In the composite image, data taken through narrowband filters tracks the glow of ionized sulfur, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in red, green, and blue hues. NGC 4762: A Galaxy on the Edge . ... Moon and Earth from Chang e 5 T1 . ... With those instructions, two nights went by with, well, clouds -- mostly. ... The Day After Mars . ... Seen against the night sky's thin, pale clouds and eerie.. ... Iridescent Cloud Edge Over Colorado . ...

2009-05-20 O.Hainaut There are many steps between the data coming out of a camera on a professional telescope and the final image that appears in magazines or on our web sites. ... preliminary: from the telescope to Photoshop. cleaning: remove the artifacts remaining in the image . ... In each filter, several images are acquired. ... Fig 1: a raw image (click for full scale) . ... At this stage, the images are still in FITS, the astronomical format, with one FITS file per filter. ... The final image. ...

... Luminosity (L) · · · · A source's luminosity is the power that it emits in radiation. ... NB Astronomers often say `flux' when they mean `flux density' · SI units are Wm-2Hz -1 -26 filter · Also used are Jy 10 Wm-2Hz -1 E= РРРF d dA dt Specific Intensity, Surface Brightness (I) · Specific intensity (or surface brightness) is the power received (or emitted) per unit area per unit frequency per unit solid angle. ч F at surface of a spherical source = I · · Specific intensity is independent of distance...

Not on-site at APO, but can be obtained on loan--contact Jeff Morgan at UWash, morgan/astro.washington.edu . CENTER( ) PASSBAND( ) NEBULAR LINE (OR CONTINUUM) . 4861 60 Hbeta 5007 60 [O III] 6301 10 [O I] -- [S III]6312A line is supressed 6563 10 Halpha -- [N II]6584 and 6583 lines are suppressed 6583 10 [N II] -- Halpha line is suppressed 6728 80 [S II]6717+6731 4686 60 He II 4760 100 blue cont or Fe II 8290 195 red cont. See also the Hodge filter set below. ... APO Filters Homepage ...

Next: Feature enhancement: normalizing Up: No Title Previous: Feature enhancement: pulsing . The inverse transform is at the core of the best known applications of wavelets: data compaction and numerics. ... Two applications fall within our scope: filtering and denoising. Filtering consists of using only a portion of the wavelet map in the inverse transform process, masking out certain durations. ... Figure 23: Filtered reconstruction of the intermittent signal. ...

... Bad Astronomy . ... Bad Astronomy: The North Star, Polaris, is a very bright star. Good Astronomy: Polaris is a middling-bright star, easily missed. ... He said it was close to Polaris, the North Star, but he also said it was in the East. ... It's natural, I suppose, to think that such an important star should be bright, but really, that's a conceit, like thinking that the Earth is at the center of the Universe. If more people knew just why Polaris is the North Star, this Bad Idea would stop. ...