... Tools . ... In order to generate random numbers that follow a normal distribution, one first needs to create two uniform random numbers $u_{1}$ and $u_{2}$, in the range of 0 to 1. ... begin{equation*} g_{1} = \sqrt{-2 \ln(u_{1})} \cos(2 \pi u_{2}) \end{equation*} . ... Random numbers following a power law, $P(x) \propto x^{n}$, can be generated from a single uniform random number, $u$, in the range of 0 to 1 through the following transform : . ...

... As proxy indicators of performance in each of the Observatory's principal areas of activity (research, education and public outreach, and heritage) records are maintained of (A) External Grant Income (per financial year); (B) the number of Refereed Journal Publications (per calendar year); (C) the number of Identified Media Citations (per calendar year); and (D) the number of Distinct e-Visitors (DeVs) to its web-sites (per calendar year). ... External . ... Grant Income . ... 2005 Required Income: ...

Next: Inspection of results Up: *fit* - Fit Data Previous: Verbose Mode . If the number of net counts for a source is less than it is impractical to fit the data in all 34 energy bits. However, if the flux is required, then a fit must be performed first. ... Fit will then calculate the normalization of the model and xflux can be used to determine the flux and luminosity of the source from the best fit model. xs> fit rebin=yes . ...

Next: Why do Radiopulsars not Up: Ejectors in Massive Binary Previous: The Evolutionary Status of . ... Numerical simulation of the evolution of NS shows (Lipunov and Prokhorov, 1987[ 115 ]) that the fraction of ejecting stars in massive systems with normal components may be as high as several tens of percent of the total number of binary systems (see Figure 27 ). ... Mike E. Prokhorov . ...

... This year SSAU provides 1429 state-funded places for admission in all kinds and directions of educational programs. ... In addition, SSAU Admission Committee notes the substantial increase in interest from the foreign applicants this year. The number of applications from foreign countries has already surpassed last year's totals - 76 applications. Based on the experience of admission campaigns of previous years, SSAU expects summer 2014 to enrol about 150 foreign students in the university. ...

Hide Zen home . ... Extent is a shortest and non-nested sequence of words, which satisfy a query . ... We don't consider normalization of document weight to 1, since we have no global information about document collection. w{i}, len{i} - weight and length of i-th extent . ... Next - the number of unique extents. freq{i} - frequency of i-th extent . We could consider strict and soft uniqueness of an extent, depending on how do we consider the order of words in extent. ... 2 - document length . ...

We present the basics of number theory emphasizing the striking similarity between the properties of usual integers and those of polynomials over a finite field. This leads to understanding that number theory and algebraic geometry is in fact one and the same domain. The core of number theory being an elementary problem, we stick to concrete examples. ... P-adic numbers. ... Algebraic number fields. ... Geometry of numbers. ... S. Lang, Algebraic number theory, Springer, 1994. ...

... Should be broken out by telescope within a facility.) ... Should be broken out by telescope within a facility.) - # programs allocated time ­ number of programs with non- staff PI's ­ number of programs with observatory staff as PI's ­ number of thesis programs ­ number with U.S. PI's ­ number with foreign PI's ­ information on geographic distribution - # states, # institutions, characterization of institution (R1, PUI, etc), if information ...

Next: Column NDETUSED Up: Passbands Previous: Column FILTCODE_ n . If ``neutral'' filters are used, their quantitative effect should be stored in a column named NDVALUE. The real number stored here should normally be the factor by which the intensity measured through the ND filter should be multiplied to be on the same scale as data taken without the ND filter. ... Because ``neutral'' filters are not really neutral, the value will differ somewhat from one passband to the next. ...

... Data Handling and Products > Data Reduction FAQ > I derived quantities related to the performance of an instrument. How do I know whether these numbers are "normal"? ... Observing with ESO Telescopes . ... Instrument Pipelines . ... ESO-MIDAS . ... ESO Data . ... Related External Services . ... The quality control group at ESO monitors a variety of instrument parameters such as zeropoints, efficiencies, read-out noise, etc. ... http://www.eso.org/observing/dfo/quality/ <INSTRUMENT> /qc/qc1.html . ...

Pulkovo Photographic Plate Database . To find a certain plate, type its number, choose instrument and click button FIND Instrument: Normal Astrograph 26-inch refractor Plate number: . To find plates with a certain sky area: choose instrument, type coordinates (R.A. and Dec.) of the center of this area, type radius of this area, type (optionally) names of required objects, and click button FIND . ...