The sky background can contribute significant Poisson noise in broad and medium band filters, and must be taken into account during noise calculations. The actual sky brightness depends on the heliocentric ecliptic coordinates (latitude and longitude) in a manner summarized in Table 6.3 . ... 22.4 . ... An average sky brightness of V=22.9 mag arcsec -2 is assumed. ... Values for other filters or sky brightnesses can be computed from Table 6.2 , Table 6.1 , Table 6.3 , and Equation 6.2. ...

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• Update to the COS FUV Dark Rates and Impact on ETC Calculations for Background
• World Coordinates for the HDF/IRIM Observations
• HDF-S Data Products

... region (region-6.2.2) [xmmsas_20030110_1802-5.4.1] . ... The region task will automatically determine the optimal source and background extraction regions for a detected source in an XMM observation. ... The regions are defined in sky coordinates. region will attempt to maximise the area of the extraction region for each source, whilst ensuring that the extraction regions of neighbouring sources do not overlap, and that the background extraction region for a given source excludes neighbouring...

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• pipeline packages
• Screening of periods of high background

Pulkovo NEO Page . ... Instrumentation and Observations . ... This Windows application serves for determination of spherical coordinates and magnitudes of the objects. ... The objects coordinates are referred to the system of chosen star catalog. ... 2. choice of reference stars with mouse, . 3. measurement of rectangular frame coordinates of objects and reference stars taking account of predefined background parameters, . 4. calculation of the spherical coordinates of objects. ...

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• Pulkovo NEO Page: Ephemeris Support

Subject of Celestial Mechanics. ... Differential Absolute Coordinates Equations of the Problem. ... General Integral of Non-Perturbed Motion. ... General Equation of Non-Perturbed Orbit. ... Other Integration Methods of Non-Perturbed Motion Differential Equations; Bine Equation for Case of Non-Perturbed Motion. ... Ellipsical Motion, Kepler Equation. ... Motion Differential Equations in Absolute Coordinates. ... Equation of System of Bodies Motion in Barycentric Coordinates, in Relative Coordinates. ...

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• WARNING MISSION: Background

... In the three intervening decades there have been many observations of this diffuse emission over a wide range of x-ray energies. ... During the 1970's researchers at the University of Wisconsin, lead by Dr. William Kraushaar, used a series of sounding rocket flights to map the diffuse x-ray emission from the sky in several bands. ... University of Wisconsin Sky Survey map of the B-band (0.13-0.188 keV) x-ray intensity. ... University of Wisconsin Sky Survey map of the 2-6 keV band x-ray intensity. ...

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• Filtering ROSAT HRI data on the basis of background level
• The AstroStat Slog X-ray
• *imcnts* - Use of the Sky Coordinate System

... Up: Data Analysis and Processing Techniques . ... Also, a method for quality control of CCD observations is suggested. ... Everyone who observes a celestial object using a CCD detects moving celestial objects as a ``by product''. ... We hope that our investigations may be useful for near-Earth space control and also for searches of the moving celestial objects through analysis of old and new CCD frames obtained at any amateur or professional astronomical observatory. ...

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• Recreating Einstein Level One Processing Exposure Masks and Background Maps in
• On-The-Fly Re-Calibration of HST Observations
• ADASS 2003 Conference Proceedings

... The J, H and K bands are characterized by a bright background, such a background is mainly due to the emission of atmospheric lines and of thermal radiation. ... If the source cover a large fraction of the slit, spectra off-source must be observed to adequately sample the sky background. ... The on chip integration time (time spent in each position of the slit) must not exceed 40 seconds in J and H bands and 60 seconds in K band. ... We suggest a sequence of 10 for each elementary integration time. ...

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• A Search for Clustering around Herbig Ae/Be Stars

... In most astronomical observations the image intensity consists of contributions from both object and sky background. Depending on the complexity of the field and the type of object, different methods are used to estimate and subtract the background intensity. ... Non--linear filters are often used to remove stellar images and other sharp features (see Section ) while extended objects are very difficult to eliminate automatically. ...

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• Observations and data reduction
• The ROSAT All-Sky Survey Faint Source Catalogue
• Data reduction

The FITS "World Coordinate System" (WCS) standard defines keywords and usage that provide for the description of astronomical coordinate systems in a FITS image header. ... I: "Representations of world coordinates in FITS" , Greisen, E.W. & Calabretta, M.R. (2002), Astronomy & Astrophysics , 395 , 1061-1075. ... This diagram illustrating Bonne's projection with conformal latitude +35 was produced by WCSLIB , a C implementation of the coordinate transformations defined in the FITS WCS papers. ...

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• LOGGING
• Recording Systems History and Background
• High time resolution bin-mode observations

... Copyrightї1997 Bob Yen (byen@ix.netcom.com) (http://www.comet-track.com/hb/hb.html) . ... Information on Comet Hale-Bopp for the Non-Astronomer Hale-Bopp rotates about twice a day (3/14/97) . ... The Comet Observation Home Page was been selected to receive the Griffith Observatory Star Award for the week of February 2 - 8, 1997 for excellence in promoting astronomy to the public through the World Wide Web. ... Typically, about 1,000 individual users/computers access this page every day. ...

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... For a pulsar search observation, with the two polarizations averaged, a useful rule of thumb can be given for calculating the expected rms noise. If the rms noise, , is expressed in terms of the flux density of the target pulsar, then; . ... Robert Minchin 2012-02-22 ...

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• NAIC-IRIDIUM Coordination Agreement
• GALFA Consortium Guidelines
• Asteroid 1998 ML14 1998 Aug 14-17

... The experience of determination of the link between radio sources and dynamical reference frames is presented. To obtain this connection we used a series of very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations of the spacecraft Phobos-2 and angularly nearby quasars. ... The dynamical reference frame is determined by equator and equinox of these ephemerides. ... References . ... The relative orientation of the radio and dynamical reference frames can be described by a sequence of three rotations . ...

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• PPEUC Programme - Cosmic Microwave Background Workshop
• G327.6+14.6
• G263.9-3.3

... Figure 8: Can you detect the motion of the near-Earth asteroid 2000PH against the background stars during its close approach to Earth around 27 July 2004? ... Down) observed and imaged the unusual near-Earth asteroid 2000PH during its close approach to the Earth around 27 July 2004. The observations were carried out remotely using the new 2m aperture Faulkes telescope situated on the 10,000-foot summit of Haleakala, on the island of Maui in Hawaii. ...

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• An Overview of the Coupled Earth-Sun System PPARC Introductory Solar System
• Historical Background
• HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

The VLTI Calibrator Selector Tool is a tool intended to assist in the selection of suitable interferometric calibrators for VLTI observations with MIDI and AMBER. It uses a model of the VLTI and its instruments to assess the fringe visibility, given the observed bandpass, the geometry, spectrum, and coordinates of the target and the time at which the observations are to be made. ... The tool offers an HTML/Java based interface and consists of two pages. ... The quality flag depends on LDD_chi2. ...

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• ESO - Thesis Topic: Foreground emission and Cosmic Microwave background
• ESO - Guaranteed Time Observations
• An Ancient Cluster of Stars Against a Stunning Background | ESO United States

Twilight observations with MASS/DIMM B. Safonov Sternberg Astronomical Institute Moscow State University Comprehensive Characterization of Astronomical Sites, 2010 B. Safonov (Moscow State University) Twilight observations with MASS/DIMM SITE 2010 1 / 17 Why observe in twilight with MASS/DIMM? ... ASM includes 3 devices sensitive to background: guider, DIMM and MASS. B. Safonov (Moscow State University) Twilight observations with MASS/DIMM SITE 2010 2 / 17 Background in guider. ...

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... The Earth orientation parameters UT1 and polar motion (x pol ; y pol ) are relat­ ed with the values of UT0 and VOL obtained from the LLR analysis for a station with geocentric longitude and latitude (–; OE) by the following expression: 7 UT0 \Gamma UTC = UT1 \Gamma UTC + (x pol sin – + y pol cos –) tan OE 15 V OL = x pol cos – \Gamma y pol sin – At least four normal points for each station--reflector pair at one day were accepted for the diurnal UT0 estimations. ...

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• http://www.ipa.nw.ru/conference/2002/sovet/PS/YAGUDINA.PS
• AY2016 (contents)
• AY2012 (contents)

T he Siding Spring Survey (SSS) is a Near-Earth Object search program that utilises the 0.5-m Uppsala Schmidt Telescope at Siding Spring Observatory, N.S.W., Australia. ... The mission of the Siding Spring Survey is to contribute to the inventory of near-earth objects (NEOs), or more specifically, the potentially hazardous asteroids (PHAs) and comets (PHOs) that may pose a threat of impact and thus harm to civilization. ... Based on the CSS Mission page . ... Siding Spring Survey Main Page . ...

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• COALA - Computational Astrophysics Laboratory
• ...for the most difficult/finickity/unbelievable recorded/verified observation
• The SMS Survey

The TCC supports the following coordinate systems: . ICRS: the current RA/Dec standard. The default date of observation is J2000. ICRS is FK5 J2000 (for all practical purposes) but has no date of equinox . ... The date specifies both the date of equinox (usually J2000) and the date of observation . ... The date specifies both the date of equinox and date of observation . ... Warning: the following coordinate systems are rarely used (except Mount for parking the telescope). ...

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• lsst.coordConv: coordConv::FK4CoordSys Class Reference
• lsst.coordConv: coordConv::OtherCoordSys Class Reference
• TUI:Telescope:Slew Window:Options:Mag PM

System of astrometric databases of Pulkovo observatory. ... The purpose of these observations is the determination of precise coordinates of Solar system bodies, which is necessary for development and improvement of motion theories, and for studying the evolution of the Solar system. ... Accuracy of photographical observations is about 0.2-0.3 arcsec for equatorial coordinates and 0.1-0.3 for relative coordinates of planetary satellites, depending on object and observational conditions. ...

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• page_17
• Pulkovo Database of Observations of Planets and Their Satellites
• Pulkovo Database of Observations of Visual Double Stars

... The European HST Archive has been moved to ESA's European Space Astronomy Centre ( ESAC ), Spain, where most of ESA's Space Science Archives are located and operated from. ... The Space Telescope European Coordinating Facility (ST-ECF), jointly operated by ESA and the European Southern Observatory ( ESO ) was, until the end of 2010, the European HST science facility, supporting the European astronomy community in exploiting the research opportunities provided by the Hubble Space Telescope. ...

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• ST-ECF Grism Spectrum Software for NICMOS Grism Data
• NICMOS Data Calibration and Analysis
• NICMOS Science