... These are the filter transmission, the field of view (determined by the NICMOS optics external to the dewar, in combination with the HST mirrors), the reflectivities of the various external mirrors and the transmission of the dewar window. ... The sensitivity will obviously be affected by the pixel field of view. ... Finally, the optical efficiency will be degraded further by the reflectivities of the aluminum with MgF 2 overcoated HST primary and secondary mirrors. ... Primary mirror temperature . ...

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• http://www.stsci.edu/instrument-news/handbooks/nicmos/c09_datataking.doc3.html
• http://www.stsci.edu/hst/wfc3/documents/meeting_posters/aas_224/bourque_UVISdark.pdf

Next: Reduce point data Up: Quick Guide Previous: Print form sheets Contents . You should reduce this data of type ``scan'' before anything else. ... Plot the background rate (four channels at a time) versus time. ... Use P ROCESS BG if you want to replace edited scans with an average value from other valid scans in the same channel. ... The reason for reducing the background data first is that average will not average the point data of a scan for which no background data exists. ...

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• NPOI Lab
• Reduce point data

... You are here: start €Ё lbaops €Ё lbamar2008 €Ё v255a . ... VLBI Schedule . ... Observer's Wiki . ... Other VLBI . ... lbaops:lbamar2008:v255a . V255a Setup: . ... Channel 1 . IFP#1-LO 6641 - 6657 MHz USB RCP . ... Ftp: ftp://ftp.atnf.csiro.au/pub/people/vlbi/v255/v255a . ... For Hobart the LOs should be set to 468 MHz (IFP#1) and 809 MHz (IFP#2) for the 4 x 16 MHz setup and 809 MHz for the 2 x 16 MHz setup. ... lbaops/lbamar2008/v255a.txt €§ Last modified: 2015/12/18 16:38 (external edit) . ...

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• lbaops:lbadec2009:v255h [ATNF VLBI Wiki]
• Selection effects
• lbaops:lbafeb2009:v255e [ATNF VLBI Wiki]

... rgsspectrum creates an OGIP-compliant spectrum of counts for a single RGS exposure. ... background-corrected source spectrum . ... Note that although the spatial selection region for the background spectrum is not source-specific, the energy selection region is source-specific, and for this reason the background spectrum is technically source-specific. ... The above description of the BACKSCAL column applies only to Spectroscopy mode data; in HTR mode this column has nothing to do with exposure. ...

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• Background-image files (fits)
• Extraction and correction of an X-ray light curve for a point-like source

... Select the letters . ... Duplicate the black channel into a new document and apply the emboss filter (Angle=90°, height=1 pixel, Amount= 330%), then apply a 1-pixel gaussian blur. ... Apply the emboss filter (Angle=0°, height=1 pixel, Amount=130%) and then apply the Solarize filter. ... Apply the emboss filter (Angle=-45°, Height=1 pixel, Amount=80%) . ... Apply the emboss filter (Angle=-45°, height=1 pixel, amount=300%), then the Unsharp Mask Filter (Amount=100%, Radius=5 pixels, Threshold=0) . ...

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• Hands On; Lighting Effects2, The Bulkhead Project
• CoolType - Glass
• CoolType - Raised Type

This diagram shows the six superimposed "layers" of the CSS table model. This diagram illustrates the algorithm for calculating a cell's final background. ... The diagram shows how, looking down on the six rectangles, one may compute the background color of each cell. ... A cell without a background color in the top layer is depicted as a "window" onto the lower layers, which give its final background color. ...

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• Long description of example illustrating background calculation

... SiD workshop, Fermilab, April 9-11 2007 April 9, 2007 Nick Sinev, SiD design Workshop, Fermilab 1 Topics 1. ... What and how was simulated What and was One column clusters effects Accepted background density Hit reconstruction efficiency Hit efficiency How to improve efficiency Conclusions April 9, 2007 Nick Sinev, SiD design Workshop, Fermilab 2 What is this April 9, 2007 Nick Sinev, SiD design Workshop, Fermilab 3 Marty's idea Shift charge in neighboring columns in opposite directions. ...

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• Thermal History of the Universe

stable spacetime manifold Expected to propagate at speed of light Expected to have 2 independent polarizations Sources ­ ­ ­ ­ http ://www.johnstonsarchive.net/relativity/pictures.html Unmodeled bursts Binary Coalescence Periodic Sources Stochastic Background http ://mucholderthen.tumblr.com/post/55970198303/gravitational-waves-patterns-in-space-time-a 3 LIGO-VIRGO Interferometer Gaussian Noise: Coherent Signal vs. ...

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• Filtering ROSAT HRI data on the basis of background level
• ChASeM33 Source Catalog
• Radial profile of an extended source for Einstein IPC data.

... The color selection widget is, not surprisingly, a widget for interactive selection of colors. ... Clicking on it opens a color selection dialog, and changing the color in the color selection dialog changes the background color . #include glib.h #include gdk/gdk.h #include gtk/gtk.h GtkWidget *colorseldlg = NULL; GtkWidget * drawingarea = NULL; GdkColor color ; /* Color changed handler */ void color _changed_cb( GtkWidget * widget , GtkColorSelection * ... File...

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• Selection method
• EBCCD tutorial background
• Background Definition

... Class . ... PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS . FRAMES NO FRAMES All Classes . ... FIELD | ... METHOD . DETAIL: FIELD | ... public interface IJEventListener . ... Field Summary . static int . ... Field Detail static final int FOREGROUND_COLOR_CHANGED . ... Constant Field Values . static final int BACKGROUND_COLOR_CHANGED . ... static final int COLOR_PICKER_CLOSED . ... static final int LOG_WINDOW_CLOSED . ... static final int TOOL_CHANGED . ... Method Detail void eventOccurred (int eventID) . ...

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• Wand (ImageJ API)
• MaximumFinder (ImageJ API)
• Interpreter (ImageJ API)

Next: Galactic Gravitational Wave Background Previous: Structure of the Galaxy . We will call ``transparency'' of the background the ability of the observer to detect a gravitational wave signal other than that produced by binary systems, by means of adjusting variable parameters of an imaginary GW detector (namely, its angular resolution and frequency band), so that less than one occasional binary system falls into the detector's beam at a given frequency in a given direction. ...

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• Extragalactic Gravitational Wave Background
• Galactic Gravitational Wave Background
• Gravitational wave background from nearby galaxies

SETI with SKA1 and SKA 2 Alan Penny1, Heino Falcke2, Mike Garrett 3 1 University of St Andrews and South African Astronomical Observatory PI: LOFAR Early Access Program LEA070 ­ 'A SETI Pilot Program' 2 Raboud University 3 ASTRON and Leiden University AAVP2010 U Cambridge 8-10 December 2010 What a radio SETI search looks for A narrow (perhaps1 Hz wide) spectral line Sections 1. SETI 2. Experience of SETI with LOFAR and WSRT 3. SETI and SKA - needs Sections 1. ...

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• http://www.mrao.cam.ac.uk/projects/OAS/pmwiki/uploads/MROIFastTipTilt.MROIFastTipTilt/ftt-kick-off.pdf
• Astrophysics Group Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)
• Measurements of anisotropies in the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation on

... This paper describes the main algorithms used by the Einstein Level One processing to create the exposure masks and the background maps for Einstein IPC images, and how these algorithms were recreated in the IRAF environment. Our goal was to recreate the algorithms used by the Level One Processing to create exposure masks and background maps for Einstein Image Proportional Counter (IPC) data (cf. sections 2.5 and 2.7 of Harnden et al. ...

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• Background Fluctuation Analysis from the Multiscale Entropy
• A Method for Minimizing Background Offset Errors When Creating Mosaics
• A Software Package for Automatic Reduction of ISOPHOT Calibration Data

National Geographic Channel (NatGeo) sends a WOW! Signal reply using the Arecibo Observatory . ... Signal, the Arecibo Observatory and NatGeo (National Geographic Channel), will be encoding, and transmitting a Reply to the€а Wow! signal using Arecibo ObservatoryтАЩs 1-megawatt (MW) continuous-wave (CW) S-band transmitter, at 2380 MHz (12.6 cm wavelength) to send a global tweet into space. ... Second picture: Transmission of WOW Reply€а in progress at the Arecibo Observatory . ...

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• First Galfa H I Map
• The Mock Spectrometer
• Spectral-Line Observing

. Borut Prasnikar from Skofja Loka, Slovenia, took this image of Comet PANSTARRS at Krizna Gora, Slovenia, on March 21. He used a Nikon D300 DSLR with a 300mm f/4 Nikkor lens set at f/4. He set his camera to ISO 800 and took twenty-one 20-second exposures, which he stacked. Finally, he subtracted some of the background to show the comet's tail structure better, and created this final image. Borut Prasnikar

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• cosmic microwave background | Astronomy.com
• Astronomy 101: Cosmic microwave background | Astronomy.com
• Europe maintains its presence on the final frontier | Astronomy.com

When Black Holes Collide . ... Credit Copyright: Simulating Extreme Spacetimes Collaboration Explanation: What happens when two black holes collide? ... The black regions indicate the event horizons of the dynamic duo , while a surrounding ring of shifting background stars indicates the position of their combined Einstein ring . All background stars not only have images visible outside of this Einstein ring, but also have one or more companion images visible on the inside. ...

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• When Black Holes Collide
• XWare > APOD

... To address the problem of point-source photometry in restored images Lucy (1994) suggested a two-channel photometric restoration method in which the points are represented as functions in one channel and the background, constrained to be smooth by an additional entropy constraint, in the other. ... In the new CPLUCY implementation the stars can be at arbitrary x , y sub-pixel positions but the entropy constraint on the background, used by PLUCY, is retained. ...

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• NICMOS Data Calibration and Analysis
• ST-ECF Grism Spectrum Software for NICMOS Grism Data
• ASNCOMBINE (Nov98) --- nictools --- ASNCOMBINE (Nov98)

T he Siding Spring Survey (SSS) is a Near-Earth Object search program that utilises the 0.5-m Uppsala Schmidt Telescope at Siding Spring Observatory, N.S.W., Australia. ... The mission of the Siding Spring Survey is to contribute to the inventory of near-earth objects (NEOs), or more specifically, the potentially hazardous asteroids (PHAs) and comets (PHOs) that may pose a threat of impact and thus harm to civilization. ... Based on the CSS Mission page . ... Siding Spring Survey Main Page . ...

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• After a final check, the metal is carted off to the dump.
• The repainted Farnham dome with the AITC in the background
• ASTR1002 Assignments 4-6: Planet Ziggy

... Copyrightї1997 Bob Yen (byen@ix.netcom.com) (http://www.comet-track.com/hb/hb.html) . ... Information on Comet Hale-Bopp for the Non-Astronomer Hale-Bopp rotates about twice a day (3/14/97) . ... The Comet Observation Home Page was been selected to receive the Griffith Observatory Star Award for the week of February 2 - 8, 1997 for excellence in promoting astronomy to the public through the World Wide Web. ... Typically, about 1,000 individual users/computers access this page every day. ...

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• International Astronomy Olympiad: Form for the short report of National

The overall efficiency (including atmospheric transmission, reflectivity of the telescope mirrors and overall efficiency of the optics and of the detector) for broad-band imaging should be about 25% in H and K, and about 15% in J. The main noise source for both broad- and narrow-band imaging should be the photon noise associated to the background+source flux. ... Flat fielding (and possibly background subtraction) might increase the noise by a factor 2 ? ...

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• Ranger 9
• Ranger 8
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