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1. Астрономия в Санкт-Петербургском университете |
... В четверг, 14 апреля 2016 г., состоится семинар кафедры астрофизики. Повестка дня . ... Начало в 11 час.15 мин. Ауд. ... В четверг, 31 марта 2016 г., состоится семинар кафедры астрофизики . ... В четверг, 24 марта 2016 г. , состоится семинар кафедры. ... В четверг, 17 марта 2016 г. , состоится заседание кафедры. ... ОСП НИИ ПММ Национального исследовательского Томского государственного университета) . ... Copyright 2016 Астрономия в Санкт-Петербургском университете . ...
2. Database of Optical Properties -- Level: welcome
What's new at the DOP? ... What is in the database? ... i) original codes realizing different methods to calculate the optical properties of non-spherical (inhomogeneous) particles; . ii) reviews of exact and approximate methods of light scattering theory ; . iii) a database of several tausends references to papers on various aspects of light-scattering theory and its applications; . ... vi) a self-training algorithm of determination of the optical properties of fractal-like clusters; . ...
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Ссылки http://www.astro.spbu.ru/DOP/ -- 5.0 Кб -- 19.11.2010
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3. Database of Optical Properties -- Level: subpage
... The database on experiments of light (441.6 and 632.8 nm) scattering by small mineral particles performed in the laboratory of Univ. of Amsterdam contains figures and tables of scattering matrix elements as functions of the scattering angle (theta = 5-173) at both wavelengths, figures and tables of the size distributions measured with the laser diffraction method, electron microscope images of the particles, information ...
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Ссылки http://www.astro.spbu.ru/DOP/0-LABR/index.html -- 2.9 Кб -- 19.11.2010
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4. intro3e
On optical characteristics of non-spherical scatterers . ... Usually one assumes that the radiation from a very distant source is incident on a scatterer and then this radiation can be represented by a plane wave . ... Amplitude matrix . ... The elements of the amplitude matrix on the directions of propagation of the incident and scattered radiations, the size, morphology and chemical composition of the scatterer as well as its orientation in the laboratory system. ... Scattering matrix . ...
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Ссылки http://www.astro.spbu.ru/DOP/1-DEFS/INTROD/index.html -- 33.6 Кб -- 19.11.2010
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5. Database of Optical Properties -- Level: subpage
Our introductory notes presented by V.G.Farafonov give the definitions of such basic optical characteristics of non-spherical scatterers as amplitude and scattering matrices, different cross-sections, asymmetry factor, etc. Special attention is paid to the differences between these definitions and those for spherical scatterers. ... 2000). The PostScript version of the notes is here . ... Created by V.I. Last modified: 10/05/03, V.I. ...
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Ссылки http://www.astro.spbu.ru/DOP/1-DEFS/index.html -- 2.3 Кб -- 19.11.2010
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6. http://www.astro.spbu.ru/DOP/1-DEFS/intro3e.ps
On optical characteristics of nonspherical scatterers Abstract. ... For example, the extinction crosssection C ext shows what fraction of the incident flux is absorbed and scattered by a particle. ... Therefore, in contrast to the spheres, for nonspherical particles the crosssection of radiation pressure is a vector too ~ C pr = C ext ~ R R \Gamma C sca ~g; (19) where R is the distance between the scatterer and the radiation source. ...
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Ссылки http://www.astro.spbu.ru/DOP/1-DEFS/intro3e.ps -- 88.2 Кб -- 19.11.2010
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7. Database of Optical Properties -- Level: database
Optical characteristics of non-spherical scatterers . ... A list of reviews (under preparation) and links to the databases of Hovenier's and Gustafson's groups on the visible/infrared and microwave light scattering experiments, respectively. ... Light scattering codes . ... Benchmarks in optical properties . Tables of different light scattering characteristics carefully calculated by different codes (methods). Dependence of optical properties on scatterer parameters . ...
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Ссылки http://www.astro.spbu.ru/DOP/1-dbase.html -- 5.9 Кб -- 19.11.2010
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8. Database of Optical Properties -- Level: page
... A ray obliquely incident at the cylinder scatters on the surface of a cone (in the far zone) mainly in the forward direction. The results for the cylinder with the radius equal to the wavelength of incident radiation multiplied by 5 / pi ( x =10), the refractive index m=n+k i=1.33 and the angle between the symmetry axis of the particle and the wave-vector of incident radiation alpha =45 o were obtained with one of the codes presented in the DOP. Created by V.I. Last modified: 15/04/03, V.I. ...
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Ссылки http://www.astro.spbu.ru/DOP/1-legnd.html -- 2.4 Кб -- 19.11.2010
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9. Database of Optical Properties -- Level: page
... New version of code is here . ... The observational data of some globules are placed in new section of DOP. ... The original graphic library with optical properties of non-spherical particles with different shapes and structure is available. ... New section about optical properties of particles with non-Rayleigh inclusions is added. ... Two new sections are added. Optical properties of porous particles and Database of interstellar extinction and polarization curves . ...
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Ссылки http://www.astro.spbu.ru/DOP/1-news.html -- 4.6 Кб -- 09.02.2016
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10. Database of Optical Properties -- Level: subsubpage
The efficiency of interaction of radiation with a particle and hence its optical properties depend on the particle chemical composition, size, shape, structure, etc. ... Particle size expressed in units of the wavelength of incident radiation, together with chemical composition, most strongly affects the optical properties of a scatterer. ... There are many methods to solve the light-scattering problem for a homogeneous spheroid (our survey of the light-scattering methods see here ). ...
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Ссылки http://www.astro.spbu.ru/DOP/2-MODS/INTROD/index.html -- 9.5 Кб -- 19.11.2010
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11. Database of Optical Properties -- Level: subpage
. Our introductory notes briefly describes the primary parameters of real scatterers, their basic models and methods of realization of the models. As an example, the models used in astronomy are overviewed. Our table after its completement will show a list of the most popular scatterer models and their parameters (under construction). To the top . Created by V.I. Last modified: 06/03/03, V.I.
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Ссылки http://www.astro.spbu.ru/DOP/2-MODS/index.html -- 2.2 Кб -- 19.11.2010
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12. Database of Optical Properties -- Level: subpage
... very large . no limits in x,m . ... x, m, alpha . ... no limits in x,m,alpha . As a first approximation when one wants to learn possible effects of nonsphericity of scatterers. seldom . ... very large / large . ... Study of shape effects since spheroids with different semiaxis ratio present a set of 2D shapes from needles to disks (incl. spheres) . ... Study of complex shape effects. seldom . ... Possible study of 3D shape effects. ... Possible study of shape and structure effects. ...
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Ссылки http://www.astro.spbu.ru/DOP/2-MODS/table.html -- 8.8 Кб -- 19.11.2010
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13. khleb1e
Methods for calculating light scattering . by single particles . ... Exact methods . Separation of variables method . ... Point matching method . Integral equation method . Coupled dipoles method (Purcell-Pennypacker, CDM) . ... Approximate methods . ... Rayleigh-Debye-Gans approximation (RDG) . Generalizations of the RDG approximation . Anomalous diffraction approximation (AD) . ... Hybrid and simple analytical approximations . ... Created by V.I. Last modified: 12/08/03, V.I. ...
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Ссылки http://www.astro.spbu.ru/DOP/3-REVS/KHLEB1/index.html -- 4.3 Кб -- 19.11.2010
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14. Introduction
The general formulation of the problem of light scattering (diffraction) is rather simple. The field is incident on a scatterer of the volume , and creates the field inside the scatterer and an additional (diffraction) field outside it. ... Despite the simplicity of the scheme, a concrete solution of the problem essentially depends on the geometry of the scatterer and its structure. ...
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Ссылки http://www.astro.spbu.ru/DOP/3-REVS/KHLEB1/node1.html -- 4.8 Кб -- 19.11.2010
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15. T-matrix method (EBCM)
The T-matrix or transition matrix is well known in the quantum theory of scattering [ 56 ] where one also uses the Heisenberg S-matrix connected with the T-matrix by the relation . In contrast to the coordinate representation in the integral equation method, where the scattered and incident fields are connected by the Green function, the T-matrix connects the coefficients of the expansions of the scattered and incident fields in terms of a complete system of the vector basis functions. ...
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Ссылки http://www.astro.spbu.ru/DOP/3-REVS/KHLEB1/node10.html -- 11.0 Кб -- 19.11.2010
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16. Approximate methods
. Rayleigh and Rayleigh-Gans-Stevenson approximations . Rayleigh-Debye-Gans approximation (RDG) . Generalizations of the RDG approximation . Anomalous diffraction approximation (AD) . WKB and eikonal approximations (high energy - HEA) . Geometrical optics approximation (GO) . Perturbation method . Hybrid and simple analytical approximations To the top . Created by V.I. Last modified: 12/08/03, V.I.
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Ссылки http://www.astro.spbu.ru/DOP/3-REVS/KHLEB1/node11.html -- 3.4 Кб -- 19.11.2010
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17. Rayleigh and Rayleigh-Gans-Stevenson approximations
... The possibility to use the electrostatic approximation to calculate the polarizability allows one to consider practically any shape scatterers - from the regular ones (ellipsoid, cylinder, disc) [ 7 , 274 ] to those with an arbitrary shape, structure and anisotropy [ 308 , 309 , 313 , 405 ] (in the last case the polarizability tensor should be found numerically) - using the theory of the Rayleigh scattering. ...
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Ссылки http://www.astro.spbu.ru/DOP/3-REVS/KHLEB1/node12.html -- 7.7 Кб -- 19.11.2010
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18. Rayleigh-Debye-Gans approximation (RDG)
... Such particles are called ``optically soft'', and the corresponding approximation could be named that of optically soft particles. ... For the theory based on the assumption (1), there are a set of the names: Rayleigh-Gans [ 11 ], Rayleigh-Debye [ 274 , 397 ], Rayleigh-Gans-Born [ 474 ], Rayleigh-Gans-Debye [ 78 , 144 , 409 , 410 ], Rayleigh-Gans-Rokard [ 132 ], Rayleigh-Debye-Gans (RDG) [ 100 , 462 ], Born (or the first Born) [ 56 , 135 ] approximation. ...
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Ссылки http://www.astro.spbu.ru/DOP/3-REVS/KHLEB1/node13.html -- 18.8 Кб -- 19.11.2010
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19. Generalizations of the RDG approximation
For non-spherical isotropic particles, the classic variant of the RDG approximation does not include the anisotropy of the shape and hence does not give the correct Rayleigh limit, say, for small ellipsoids. ... We call this variant a modified RDG approximation (MRDG). ... First, the MRDG leads to the correct Rayleigh limit. ... The second approach to generalization of the RDG is connected with the use of the Born iterations for the scattering integral equation [ 95 , 124 , 132 , 264 ]. ...
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Ссылки http://www.astro.spbu.ru/DOP/3-REVS/KHLEB1/node14.html -- 8.2 Кб -- 19.11.2010
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20. Anomalous diffraction approximation (AD)
Using the Huygens and Babinet principles van de Hulst [ 11 ] considered the problem of light scattering and extinction by a particle having the size and the refractive index . ... The absorption cross-section is . ... The range of applicability of the anomalous diffraction theory for the scattering amplitude is limited by small angles, however the formules for the cross-sections became good approximations for a wide class of particles. ... This problem for spherical particles was solved by A.Ya. ...
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Ссылки http://www.astro.spbu.ru/DOP/3-REVS/KHLEB1/node15.html -- 10.2 Кб -- 19.11.2010
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