Документ взят из кэша поисковой машины. Адрес оригинального документа : http://mccmb.belozersky.msu.ru/2015/proceedings/abstracts/94.pdf Дата изменения: Mon Jun 15 15:37:06 2015 Дата индексирования: Sat Apr 9 23:29:08 2016 Кодировка:

Extremely high polymorphism level in fungi S. commune: the cause and the importance for population genomics Maria A. Baranova1,2, Maria D. Logacheva1,2, Aleksey A. Penin
1,2,3

, Vladimir B.

Seplyarskiy1,2, Yana Y. Safonova4, Sergey A. Naumenko1,2, Anna V. Klepikova1,3, Evgeniy S. Gerasimov1, Georgii A. Bazykin1,2, Timothy Y. James5, Alexey S. Kondrashov
1 ,5

1. School of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1-73, Moscow 119234, Russia baranova.mariia@gmail.com 2. Institute for Information Transmission Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Kharkevich Institute), Bolshoi Karetny pereulok 19, Moscow 127994, Russia 3. Department of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye gory 1 -12, Moscow 119234, Russia 4. Algorithmic Biology Lab, St. Petersburg Academic University of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 8/3 Khlopina Str, St Petersburg 194021, Russia 5. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, 830 North University 2019 Kraus Natural Science Building, Ann Arbor, MI

Hypervariable species are of particular interest for population genetics. Indeed, population genetics deals with differences between genotypes and, the higher the differences, the more we can learn about the factors that affect the population. We used next generation sequencing to obtain whole-genome sequences of 12 individuals of fungi Schizophyllum commune from the USA and 12 individuals from Russia. The diversity at synonymous sites is 0.20 in the American population of S. commune, and 0.13 in the Russian population, and the first of these figures is the highest reported. Hyperdiversity may be caused by high effective population size or high mutation rate. We studied negative selection in the population of S. commune to estimate a role of the effective population size. We showed that the amino acidchanging polymorphisms in S. commune are more neutral compared to D. melanogaster population. It is consistent with higher values of effective population size, leading to a lower proportion of segregating slightly deleterious mutations. We then developed a method to


measure directly the mutation rate in highly polymorphic population. We estimated mutation rate to be rather high ~2.2в10-8, what is about an order of magnitude higher than the mutation rate observed in D. melanogaster. Together these results show that in S. commune population high effective population size and high mutation rate play a role in high polymorphism level simultaneously. In addition, we demonstrated that high polymorphism level allows studying negative selection and functional sites with very high resolution.