Документ взят из кэша поисковой машины. Адрес оригинального документа : http://geo.web.ru/pubd/2008/05/28/0001180518/art10.pdf Дата изменения: Wed May 28 16:28:23 2008 Дата индексирования: Sat Sep 6 13:47:50 2008 Кодировка: Windows-1251

ВЕСТНИК КРАУНЦ. СЕРИЯ НАУКИ О ЗЕМЛЕ. 2005. ? 5

556.33:550.348



ї 2005 ..

, -, 683006 : 683006, -, , 9, , .; . (415-22)5-73-21; . (415-22)5-73-21; e-mail: gala@emsd.iks.ru

1997-2005 . - -5 1, , . ; . . 5.12.1997 ., =7.9 - 11 1 , 1?10-7.

, . , - (), , , (Roeloffs, 1988). , . ,

" - ". . 1. , - . , , , ; (Cooper et al., 1965).
113

. . 2004. 5




. 2. . , , (Wakita, 1975). . 3. , . , , (, 2001; Roeloffs, 1988; King et al., 2000). . , . , , . : 1 - 10-15 ; 2 - - , , ; 3 - '-'
114

. 1997-2004 . 1 -5 - . , . . -5, . . 1 (, 2001; ., 2000). , , . , . 1 -5 1 (, 2001; , , 2004). Скважина ЮЗ-5 0-270 , . 270-800 , . . 310 ; 310-800 . 1 . , -5 . -

. . 2004. 5




1. .
, . ., 1 180 -5 70 , .. .. 53.26 53.17 158.48 158.41 , . , 665 625-647 800 310-800 , 28 1.5 N2 2 , N2-CH4 ,

. (0.22 /) (HCO3-Cl/Na), (22.5њ 800 ) (2њ/100 ), (H 4SiO4=5 /). , . Скважина Е1. . 1 0-570 - , 570-665 - . . 625-647 , , . 28-30 . 0.2 10 / - -. -, . 625-647 , 400-600 . - (. 1) . ( H4SiO4=15 /, 600 17.2њ ,

280-600 3.5 њ/ 100 ). . 1. Система наблюдений. 1997-2002 . ( ., 1989) -3 . 2003 . -5 2 ( '', . ), . 10 . +0.2 +0.1 . 1 14 . +0.5 . , (53њ . ., 158.6њ . .). , , http://www.iris.washington.edu/. 1 -5 (. 1) -: 10-20 /.
115

. . 2004. 5




. -5 1 2-8 (. 1 ). , , , - , , , (, , 2004), '-' . (Roeloffs, 1988; , , 2004). . -5 ETERNA 3.0 (Wenzel, 1994), - , ( ), . ETERNA 3.0 , , , . . -5 0.1-0.2 / 0.4-0.8 / . Diagnoz, ( ., 1999; ., 2003). (. 1) Diagnoz (, 1993). Оценка деформометрических свойств наблюдательных систем 'скважина-резервуар'

. 1. -5 26 5 2003 . () 1 26 2003 . 1 2004 . () ( ). .

116

. . 2004. 5




. 2. : - -5 1; - 1.

. , ' - ' (Rojstaczer, 1988). -

. (1 = 1=1 ) Eb (. 2). -5 Eb 2 6 0.2 0.37 /. 6 Eb=0.37 /, . 180њ+10њ . . 2-6 . - . -5 - . , - . . -5 (. 1 ) . Q1, O1, M1, J1, OO1, 2N2, N2, M2, L2, S2K2 (. 2). 0.09 0.15 /10-9. . 3 CTED (Wenzel, 1994). R2=0.97. '0.1 /10-9. 117

. . 2004. 5




2. 5 ETERNA 3.0
, . 10-9 () 2.10 10.97 0.86 15.43 0.86 0.47 0.31 1.95 10.18 0.29 4.74 0.04 , 0.28 1.32 0.10 1.14 0.096 0.053 0.047 0.23 0.92 0.027 0.50 0.010 , / 0.132 0.120 0.120 0.074 0.112 0.113 0.150 0.116 0.090 0.094 0.107 0.222 0.002 0.0005 0.006 0.0003 0.006 0.011 0.007 0.001 0.0002 0.007 0.0004 0.024



/

, 152.99 153.28 157.43 156.02 168.32 172.44 161.81 151.02 161.07 172.43 172.95 -166.98 1.04 0.22 2.79 0.25 2.99 5.39 2.58 0.54 0.13 4.45 0.24 6.29

Q1 O1 M1 P1 S 1 J1 OO1 2N2 N2 M2 L2 S2K2 M3

55.2 262.5 20.6 226.3 19.2 10.6 107.0 29.9 434.0 12.9 293.0 9.1

. -5 (, , 2004). . -5 0.2-0.1 , 10-9. -

! $!
+*

"# %&

0

1

23 4

1 (. 2). Eb =0.011 / 45-50 . 106-109њ. (, 2001). 0.135 / 45 100 (. 2 ). 130-166њ. , . . 1, -5, Eb , .
. 3. -5 . Q1, O1, M1, J1, OO1 - ; 2N2, N2, M2, L2, S2K2 - (. 2); R2 - () (D).

-.

/

++*

6

15 67
' & % '

"
118

(

)*++

,+

. . 2004. 5




, - - (, 2001). ' - ' 1. . , , , . -5 1 -5 1 . . , ,

. Скважина ЮЗ-5. . -5 (. 3), . ( 2-4). 5.12.1997 . ( 1). 1 - . 5.12.1997 . 3.5 1 . (. 4). . 2 - . : 25.09.03 ., =8.3. R=1670 , . ; 26.12.2004 ., =9, R=8250 (. 5) 28.03.05 ., =8.7, R=8200 , . , 311 . (1-5 ) , . . -5 (=8.3-9.0, R=1670-8250

3. , -5 1997 . 2005 .
, . . 971205 980601 990308 001220 030616 030925 040320 041226 050328 54.64 52.81 51.91 53.31 55.30 41.78 53.74 3.30 2.08 . . 162.55 160.37 159.77 160.06 160.34 143.91 160.74 95.78 97.01 . -5 R, 316 140 164 128 328 1667 169 8251 8200 4, 3, 1 3 3 3 3 2 3 2 2



, 10 31 7 65 190 27 31 10 30

M

s

M

w

7.9 6.6 7.1 4.6 6.2 4.9 8.5 8.2

7.8 6.9 7.0 6.9 8.3 9.0 8.7

. . 2004. 5

119




. 4. -5 5.12.1997 ., =7.9, R=316 ( ): - ; - ; - . I - , II - .

), 45 ' - '. , , (Cooper et al., 1965). 3 - . 10- , (. 6). , - . 12.0-0.25 . (2.4 - 86?10-9) .
120

, - . 4 - . -5 1 . GPS- (. 7), (Gordeev et al., 2001). -5 11 . 1.1?10-7. Скважина Е1. . 1 , () () 5.5, 370 . K?3.39lgR+6.22 (M?2.51lgR+0.6) ( - , ; R - , ; - ), . 1 (, 2001). 3.7 - 30 9-90 . . ' - ' . (, 2001). 0.6-0.7 / - . 1987-1998 . 3 7 3.4 . . ,

. . 2004. 5


. 5. -5 26.12.2004 ., w=9, LHZ, c .

! % %

%& 1!& % $!' ,+ = ++ ++ ,+ % 1! ++ ++ $! ,+ ,+

+?

' %% 1!& $! !&
,+

%

' ' '

%

!
,+ ++ ++ ,+

' 1! $!' !'
- ' - '. , , , , . , - , , 1. . ?6.6 3 " 0.7 /" 1987-1998
. 6. -5 (. 3, 3 (3)). - , - , D - : '+' - , '-' - . 121

>

! ' + +9/

;

+,

. . 2004. 5




'

'

=4/4=1. t=132 /366 =0.36. ?5.5 350 2004 I=p/ t =1/0.36=2.8 1987-1998 . , . 1. . ' - ' . -5 . , 10 -9 . 0.1 /10-9 , 3 4. . -5 5.12.1997 . . . 1 - ? 5.5. . 1 (1 ) , . -, . 1, '-'

'

%

$

+?
%

>
'

!" #

>

+?

8

*

9

% % %%& : '

. 7. 1, -5 GPS- 5.12.97 ., =7.9 ( ): N - , E - -. BKI, ES1, KBG, KLU, TIG, MA1 - GPS- (Gordeev et al., 2001).

. 2.7, 0.8 (, 2001). 2004 . =5.5-6.9 140-350 . 1 0.7 /. 10-49 26 . 122

. . 2004. 5




, -5, - , . , . , 5.5, . '-'. 1, 1, , . 1 (, 2001; , , 2004). 1. (. 7) , . -5, . 1. , , 1 ?10 -7. , 1 0.1 /10-8, . . , . -5. . 1, -, 10-7 .

. 1. 45-50 (. 2 ) . . -5 . 3.5 ( 1, . 4) . , . , 10-6 , 0.86?10-7. . . , -, . . . . '' . - (-)
123

. . 2004. 5




- (-) '' (, 1993). , . , . '' , . . . , . , "": , , . , . . , , , - . '' . , , , , .
124

"-" , (, ) , . ( ), () ' - ', , , . , ( , ) , ' - '. -5 , , 1, , -1 , , . -5 1 ' - ' - . , , . . '-' -

. . 2004. 5




. , , , , ' - - ' , . 1 -1 . . -5 , =7.9, R=316 . , 4 - , 2 1 - .

.., .., .. . "" // . 1989. 11. . 84-95. .., .., .. . , // . 1999. 4-5. . 90-100. .. -1, , ( 1987-1998 .) // . 2001. 2. . 39-52. .., .. (.), .. . , // . 2000. 4. . 69-79. .., .., .. '': -

, // III- . . . . , 23-26 , 2003 . : - . 2003. . 393 - 399. .., .. // . -: . 2004. . 405 - 421. .., .. : // . . VI . . . . : , 2004. . 134 - 149. .., .. ( ?6.6) 1987-1993 . // . 2004. 1. . 55-61. .. (.) // . 1993. 3. . 103-108. .. . .: , 1993. 313 . Cooper H.H., Bredehoeft J.D., Papadopulos I.S. et al. The response of well-aquifer system to seismic waves // J. Geophys. Res. 1965. V. 70. P. 3915-3926. Gordeev E. I., Gusev A. A., Levin V. E. et al. Preliminary analysis of deformation at the EurasiaPacific-North America plate junction from GPS data // Geophys. J. Int. 2001. V. 147 (1). P. 189-198. King C.-Y., Azuma S., Ohno M. et al. In search of earthquake precursors in water-level data of 16 closely clustered wells at Tono, Japan // Geophis. J. Int. 2000. V. 143. P. 469-477. Roeloffs E. A. Hydrologic precursors to earthquakes: A review // Pure Appl. Geophys. 1988. V. 126. P. 177-209. Rojstaczer S. Intermediate period response of water levels in wells to crustal strain: sensitivity and noise level // J. Geophys. Res. 1988. V. 93. P. 1361913634. Wakita H. Water level as possible indicators of tectonic strain // Science. 1975. 189. P. 553-555. Wenzel H.G. Earth tide analysis package ETERNA 3.0 // BIM. 1994. 118. P. 8719-8721.
125

. . 2004. 5




WATER-LEVEL CHANGES IN WELLS DUE TO EARTHQUAKES

G.N. Kopylova

Kamchatka Branch of Geophysical Service Russian Academy of Science, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683006

In 1997-2005 the digital recording of water level in two wells (E1 and UZ-5, Kamchatka) was conducted by EMSD GS RAS for the purposes of seismic monitoring and earthquakes precursors searching. The collection system, water-level data processing and revealed water level changes due to earthquakes are described in this paper. There is presentation of the processing technique for quantitative estimation of seismotectonic strain based on the evaluation of static confined water level response and tidal sensitivity of water level changes. The hydrogeodynamic precursor of the 5th December 1997 Kronotskoe earthquake, M=7.9 developed in both wells during three weeks in the form of synchronous water-level decreases with amplitudes 11 cm and 1 cm, due to extension with the amount about 1?10-7.

126

. . 2004. 5