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5.10.2009

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solid/liquid , liquid/liquid , gas/liquid , liquid/solid

(sol)

: / (< 100 )

(liquid or solid)/gas

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Faraday M. Experimental relations of gold (and others metals) to light // Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. London. 1857. V. 147. P. 145-181 (Tyndall) ­ (d << )

`ruby gold'

Richard Zsigmondy // Kolloidchemie ( ­ 1912; ­ , 1933)


[AuIIICl4] + Au0





(, 2) - (redox)

- (): - - =

Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide ,




-





i j ­ (, - shells)



., 1853

C = 0 / d
­

-, 1910-1913 . , 1924




- -


« »

(cytric acid)

Chem. Mater. 14 (2002) 1115


,



Mater. Lett. 59 (2005) 1032 :


Au ,

: - -


(TEM)

()

Crystal Growth & Design 9 (2009) 3714







CTAB

-

Langmuir 23 (2007) 9114

SH-




(XRD)

( )

In2O3 In(OH)3



Mater. Chem. and Phys. 117 (2009) 268


(nanorods) Aspect ratio ­ c

Au In BH4Ї Langmuir 23 (2007) 9114

J.Amer. Chem. Soc. 130 (2008) 8140




(111)

Langmuir 23 (2007) 2218


, ; , : : CdSO4 CdS Cd
2+

H2S

: Cd2+ SO32-


Mater. Lett. 62 (2008) 41

PbS

+

«»

Colloids and Surfaces 142 (1998) 35


ore-shell (-)

J. Colloid Interfacial Sci. 255 (2002) 119

Appl. Surface Sci. 255 (2008) 725



Nucl. Instr. Methods in Phys. Res. B 242 (2006) 523


195Pt

­

Pt-Pd

Pt-Rh

Pt-Ru

1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 Field/Frequency (G/kHz)

1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 Field/Frequency (G/kHz)

1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 Field/Frequency(G/kHz)

A.Wieckowski (Illinois Urbana-Champaign Univ.)




«»



, ~ 10

Monolayer protected clusters (MPC)




Chem. Rev. 108(2008) 2688


Nanofluids ­ , MEMS,

SiO2 ZrO2



(p)

(turbidity)

Langmuir 25 (2009) 2390


SiO2

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