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Russian Entomol. J. 16(4): 487490

¿ RUSSIAN ENTOMOLOGICAL JOURNAL, 2007

The Psilidae (Diptera) from South Korea, with the key to Old World species of Xenopsila Buck Äâóêðûëûå ñåìåéñòâà Psilidae (Diptera) Þæíîé Êîðåè ñ òàáëèöåé äëÿ îïðåäåëåíèÿ âèäîâ Xenopsila Buck Ñòàðîãî Ñâåòà A.I. Shatalkin À.È. Øàòàëêèí
Zoological Museum, Moscow State University, B.Nikitskaja str.6, K-9, Moscow 103009, Russia. Çîîëîãè÷åñêèé ìóçåé ÌÃÓ, óë. Áîëüøàÿ Íèêèòñêàÿ 6, Ê-9 Ìîñêâà 103009, Ðîññèÿ.

KEY WORDS: Psilidae, South Korea, Chyliza , Loxocera, Psila, Xenopsila, key. ÊËÞ×ÅÂÛÅ ÑËÎÂÀ: Psilidae, Þæíàÿ Êîðåÿ, Chyliza, Loxocera, Psila, Xenopsila, îïðåäåëèòåëüíàÿ òàáëèöà. ABSTRACT: In work data on South Korean Psilidae are listed. The list includes 16 species belonging to genera Chyliza (6 species), Loxocera (L. achaeta) and Psila s.l. (9 species). The key to Old World species of subgenus Xenopsila (Psila) is given. ÐÅÇÞÌÅ:  ðàáîòå ïðèâåäåí ñïèñîê þæíîêîðåéñêèõ âèäîâ ìóõ ñåìåéñòâà Psilidae, âêëþ÷àþùèé 16 âèäîâ èç ðîäîâ Chyliza (6 âèäîâ), Loxocera (L. achaeta) è Psila s.l. (9 âèäîâ). Äàíà òàáëèöà äëÿ îïðåäåëåíèÿ âèäîâ ïîäðîäà Xenopsila (Psila) Ñòàðîãî Ñâåòà. The Psilid fauna of the Korean Peninsula is known very poorly. There is only one report about 9 species from North Korea [Iwasa & Kozánek, 1995]. Due to courtesy of Doctor Bernhard Merz (from Muséum dHistoire naturelle Genève) I could obtain and examine collection of psilid-flies from South Korea. Flies have been collected joint scientific expedition of Yonsei University, Wonju (leader Prof. Ho-Yeon Han) and Muséum dHistoire naturelle Genève (Dr Bernhard Merz) 12.06.20051.07.2005. Gangwon-do Province is bounded on the north by the territories of North Korea. This province represents mountainous area. The surveyed areas are located in a southwest of a province in Wonju County and around of it. sevi Shatalkin, 1989. Thus, the general number of Chyliza, recorded for fauna of the Korean Peninsula, makes nine species. Chyliza crinita Iwasa, 1989
Chyliza surcularia Shatalkin, 1989 MATERIAL EXAMINED. 1 S.Korea, 9001120 m, Gangwon-do, Jeongseon-gun, Mt. Mindungsan/11, 20.VI.2005, 37œ16.2? N/ 128œ46.5? E, forest, meadow, Merz, Han, Ro, Choi, Lee, Hwang, Suk leg.; 1 S.Korea, 9001120 m, Gangwon-do, Jeongseon-gun, Mt. Mindungsan, 24.VI.2005, 37œ16.2? N/128œ46.5? E, forest, meadow, Merz, Han, Choi, Lee, Hwang, Suk leg.

Chyliza dichaeta Shatalkin, 1989
MATERIAL EXAMINED. 2 S.Korea, 240 m/4a, Gangwon-do, Wonju Yonsei Univ. Campus, Maeji-ri, meadow, 15.VI.2005; 7, 4 14.VI.2005/2; 9, 1 19.VI.2005/10a; 1 22.VI.2005/13; 1 25.VI.2005/166, 37œ16,5? N/ 127œ54,0? E, forest, grassland behind institute, meadow, Merz, Byun, Lee leg.; 1 S.Korea, 7501087 m, Gangwon-du, Wonju-si, Mt. Baegunsan, 14.VI.2005/3, 37œ15.0? N/127œ57.5? E, Merz, Han, Lee, Hwang leg.

Chyliza eoa Shatalkin, 1989
MATERIAL EXAMINED. 1 S.Korea, 770900 m, Gangwon-do, Hongcheon-gun, N valley of Mt. Gyebangsan, 23.VI.2005, 37œ44.5? N/128œ26.2? E, riverbed, ruderal, Merz, Lee leg.; 1 S.Korea, 9001120 m, Gangwon-do, Jeongseon-gun, Mt. Mindungsan, 24.VI.2005, 37œ16.2? N/128œ46.5? E, open pine forest, ruderal vegetation, small mixed forest, shrubs, unused meadow with isolated trees (Crataegus, Quercus, Fraxinus); ridge of mountain, hilltopping, Merz, Han, Choi, Lee, Hwang, Suk leg.

Chyliza Fallén 1820
The genus Chyliza is characterized by an unique combination of characters: enlarged (callus-like) anatergal area of laterotergite, concave occiput, face nearly perpendicular, not retreating, head not triangular in profile, as a rule 3 pairs of scutellar bristles, developed postcoxal bridge, anal cell shorter than 2nd basal. The North Korean list of Chyliza includes 5 species, 3 of them are lack in our list. These are Chyliza acuta Iwasa, 1995; Ch. annulipes Mcq., 1835, Ch. zhelochovt-

Chyliza leptogaster (Panzer, 1798)
MATERIAL EXAMINED. 1, 2 S.Korea, 9001120 m, Gangwon-do, Jeongseon-gun, Mt. Mindungsan, 24.VI.2005, 37œ16.2? N/128œ46.5? E, open pine forest, ruderal vegetation, small mixed forest, shrubs, unused meadow with isolated trees (Crataegus, Quercus, Fraxinus); ridge of mountain, hilltopping, Merz, Han, Choi, Lee, Hwang, Suk leg.; 2 S.Korea, 770900 m, Gangwon-do, Hongcheon-gun, N valley, Mt. Gyebangsan/14, 23.VI.2005, 37œ44.5? N/128œ26.2? E, riverbed, ruderal, Merz, Lee leg.; 2 S.Korea, 9001120 m, Gangwon-do, Jeongseon-gun, Mt. Mindungsan/11, 20.VI.2005, 37œ16,2? N/128œ46.5? E, forest, meadow, Merz, Han, Ro, Choi Lee, Hwang, Suk leg.; 2 S.Korea, 750900 m, Hongcheon-gun, Mt. Gachilbong, 17.VI.2005,


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A.I. Shatalkin absent (Synaphopsila Hendel, 1934, Xenopsila Buck, 2006), or are represented by solitary and rare species (Freyopsila Shatalkin, 1986 with single European species sibirica Frey, 1925). This replacement is especially noticeable at movement from the north on the south. It is interesting to mention that there turned out to be no species Psila s.str. in Korean materials. East of the Urals a single species Psila magna Shatalkin, 1983 from Kuril Islands was mentioned. A few species are known from mountain regions of West China. It follows that Psila s.str. has disjunctive distribution. PsilaChamaepsilatenebrica Shatalkin, 1986
MATERIAL EXAMINED. 11, 10 S. Korea, 770900 m, Gangwon-do, Hongcheon-gun, N valley of Mt. Gyebangsan, 23.VI.2005, 37œ44.5? N/128œ26.2? E, riverbed, ruderal, Merz, Lee leg.; 8 S. Korea, 7501087 m, Gangwon-do, Wonju-si, Mt. Baegunsan, 14.VI.2005/3 37œ15.0? N/127œ57.5? E, Merz, Han, Lee, Hwang leg.; 1 S. Korea, 1100 m, Gangwon-do, Hongcheon-gun, Unduryeong (pass)/7, 17.VI.2005, 37œ42.3? N/128œ 26.4? E, riverbed, ruderal, Merz, Choi, Lee, Hwang leg.

37œ52.0? N/128œ28.0? E, forest, hilltop E, Merz, Choi, Lee, Hwang, leg.; 1 S.Korea, 9001200 m, Hoengseon-gun, Mt. Cheongtaesan, 18.VI.2005, 37œ30.4? N/128œ18.0? E, mixed, wet forest, dense undergrowing vegetation near peak, bamboo (Sasa borealis), Merz, Han, Choi, Lee, Hwang, leg.; 1 S.Korea, 240 m/13, Gangwondo, Wonju Yonsei Univ. Campus, Maeji-ri. 22.VI.2005, 37œ16.5? N/ 127œ54.0? E, dry and wet forest, park behind stud. home, Merz, leg.

Chyliza takagii Iwasa, 1989
Chyliza abstrusa Shatalkin, 1989 MATERIAL EXAMINED. 1 S.Korea, 240 m/10a, Gangwon-do, Wonju Yonsei Univ. Campus, Maeji-ri. 19.VI.2005, 37œ16.5? N/127œ54.0? E, forest, grassland behind institute meadow, Merz, Byun, Lee leg.

Chyliza trichopoda Shatalkin, 1989
MATERIAL EXAMINED. 1, 1 S.Korea, 9001120 m, Gangwon-do, Jeongseon-gun, Mt. Mindungsan/15, 24.VI.2005, 37œ16.2? N/128œ46.5? E, forest, meadow, Merz, Han, Choi, Lee, Hwang, Suk leg.

Chyliza vittata Meigen, 1826
MATERIAL EXAMINED. 1, 1 S.Korea, 770900 m, Gangwon-do, Hongcheon-gun, N valley of Mt. Gyebangsan, 23.VI.2005, 37œ44.5? N/128œ26.2? E, 11h157h15, alluvial forest, mixed forest, ruderal (near car), on stones in riverbed, Merz, Lee leg.

PsilaChamaepsila melanocera (Shatalkin, 1983)
Chamaepsila melanocera Shatalkin, 1983 MATERIAL EXAMINED. 1, 10 S. Korea, 9001120 m, Gangwon-do, Jeongseon-gun, Mt. Mindungsan/11, 20.VI.2005, 37œ16.2? N/128œ46.5? E, forest, meadow, Merz, Han, Ro, Choi, Lee, Hwang, Suk leg.; 1 S. Korea, 9001200 m, Hoengseongun, Mt. Cheongtaesan/9, 18.VI.2005, 37œ30.4? N/128œ18.0? E, forest, hilltop, Merz, Han, Choi, Lee, Hwang, leg.; 3 S. Korea, 7501087 m, Gangwon-do, Wonjusi, Mt. Baegunsan, 14.VI.2005/3; 1, 4 21.VI.2005/12, 37œ15.0? N/127œ57.5? E, Merz, Han, Lee, Hwang leg.

Loxocera Meigen 1803
Only Loxocera fulviventris Meigen, 1826 is recorded for fauna of North Korea [Iwasa & Kozánek, 1995]. This species has an extraordinarily wide Eurasian distribution. It is found throughout Europe, temperate Asia, China, Japan. In our list is mentioned second species occurring in Ear East, Japan and China. Loxocera achaeta forms separate species-group including Nearctic Loxocera cylindrica Say, 1823, L. ignyodactyla Buck, 2006, L. ojibwayensisBuck, 2006, Japanese L. lutulenta Iwasa, 1992 and L. nigrifrons Macquart, 1835 [see Buck & Marshall, 2006b]. Loxocera achaeta Shatalkin, 1989
MATERIAL EXAMINED. 4, 4 S.Korea, 240 m/4a, Gangwon-do, Wonju Yonsei Univ. Campus, Maeji-ri, 15.VI.2005; 2 19.VI.2005, 37œ16.5? N/127œ54.0? E, forest, grassland behind institute meadow, Merz, Byun, Lee leg.; 1 S.Korea, 9001120 m, Gangwon-do, Jeongseon-gun, Mt. Mindungsan, 20.VI.2005, 37œ16.2? N/128œ46.5? E, open pine forest, ruderal vegetation, small mixed forest, shrubs, unused meadow with isolated trees (Crataegus, Quercus, Fraxinus); ridge of mountain, hilltopping, Merz, Han, Ro, Choi Lee, Hwang, Suk leg.

Psila Freyopsilanigriseta Iwasa, 1991
MATERIAL EXAMINED. 1 S. Korea, 9001120 m, Gangwon-do, Jeongseon-gun, Mt. Mindungsan/11, 20.VI.2005, 37œ16,2? N/128œ46,5? E, forest, meadow, Merz, Han, Ro, Choi, Lee, Hwang, Suk leg.

Psila Freyopsilanitida Iwasa, 1991
MATERIAL EXAMINED. 1 S. Korea, 750900 m, Hongcheon-gun, Mt. Gachilbong/6, 17.VI.2005, 37œ52.0? N/128œ28.0? E, forest, hilltop, Merz, Choi, Lee, Hwang, leg.

Psila Freyopsilasibirica Frey, 1925
[This species is related to and may turn out Nearctic Psila levis Loew, 1869]
Psila problematica Hennig, 1941

Psila Meigen, 1803
Three species are mentioned in the North Korean list: Psila (Chamaepsila) amurensis Shatalkin, 1986 , P. (Chamaepsila) shatalkini Iwasa , 1995, P. (Chamaepsila) tenebrica Shatalkin, 1986. Last species is found out also in materials from South Korea. The genus is very polymorphic and breaks up to a number of groups which are sometimes considered as separate genera. Species of Chamaepsila Hendel, 1917 dominate over Europe. On the Far East this group is replaced by other subgenera which in Europe either are

MATERIAL EXAMINED. 1 S. Korea, 750900 m, Hongcheon-gun, Mt. Gachilbong/6, 17.VI.2005, 37œ52.0? N/ 128œ28.0? E, forest, hilltop, Merz, Choi, Lee, Hwang, leg.; 1 S. Korea, 9001120 m, Gangwon-do, Jeongseon-gun, Mt. Mindungsan/11, 20.VI.2005, 37œ16.2? N/128œ46.5? E, forest, meadow, Merz, Han, Ro, Choi, Lee, Hwang, Suk leg.

Psila Freyopsila stackelbergi Shatalkin, 1986
MATERIAL EXAMINED. 1, 10 S.Korea, 9001200 m, Hoengseon-gun, Mt. Cheongtaesan/9, 18.VI.2005, 37œ30.4? N/ 128œ18.0? E, forest, hilltop, Merz, Han, Choi, Lee, Hwang, leg.

PsilaXenopsilanemoralis Shatalkin, 1986
Psila (Pseudopsila) nemoralis Shatalkin, 1986 MATERIAL EXAMINED. 3 S.Korea, 770900 m, Gangwon-do, Hongcheon-gun, N valley, Mt. Gyebangsan/14, 23.VI.2005, 37œ44.5? N/128œ26.2? E, riverbed, ruderal, Merz, Lee leg.; 2 S.Korea, 7501087 m, Gangwon-do, Wonju-si, Mt. Baegunsan, 14.VI.2005/3 37œ15.0? N/127œ57.5? E, Merz, Han, Lee, Hwang leg.


The Psilidae from South Korea, with the key to Old World species of Xenopsila PsilaXenopsilanigrohumera (Wang & Yang, 1996)
Chamaepsila (Tetrapsila) nigrohumera Wang et Yang, 1996 MATERIAL EXAMINED. 4, 3 S. Korea, 9001120 m, Gangwon-do, Jeongseon-gun, Mt. Mindungsan, 20.VI.2005. 37œ16.2? N/128œ46.5? E, forest, meadow 11h45-17h20, open pine forest, ruderal vegetation, small mixed forest, shrubs, unused meadow with isolated trees (Crataegus, Quercus, Fraxinus); ridge of mountain, hilltopping, Merz, Han, Ro, Choi Lee, Hwang, Suk leg.

489

2006a]; arista white, scutellum with dc. As it has been told Old World species occurring Far East (Russia), These are distinguished on the base

four bristles, 2 vt, poc, 1 Xenopsila includes four Korea, China and Japan. of the following key.

A

KEY TO THE

O

LD

W

ORLD SPECIES OF

X

ENOPSILA

This species is described from central China, (Hubei Prov., Mt. Wudang to the west of Province) Flies are caught at height of 1100 m.

PsilaXenopsilatetrachaeta (Shatalkin, 1983)
Chamaepsila tetrachaeta Shatalkin, 1983 MATERIAL EXAMINED. 11, 23 S. Korea, 900 1120 m, Gangwon-do, Jeongseon-gun, Mt. Mindungsan/11, 20.VI.2005; 3, 3 24.VI.2005, 37œ16.2? N/128œ46,5? E, forest, meadow, Merz, Han, Ro, Choi Lee, Hwang, Suk leg.; 1 S. Korea, 7501087 m, Gangwon-do, Wonju-si, Mt. Baegunsan, 14.VI.2005/3, 37œ15.0? N/127œ57.5? E, Merz, Han, Lee, Hwang leg; 1, 3 S.Korea, 770900 m, Gangwon-du, Hongcheongun, N valley, Mt. Gyebangsan/14, 23.VI.2005, 37œ44.5? N/ 128œ26.2? E, riverbed, ruderal, Merz, Lee leg.

Subgenus Xenopsila Buck 2006
M. Buck and S. Marshall [2006a] have found out, that Nearctic Pseudopsila fallax (Loew, 1869), designated as type species of Pseudopsila Johnson, 1920 is closer to members of Psila, than to other species Pseudopsila Pseudopsila collaris Lw., 1869, P. bivittata Lw., 1869, P. lateralis Lw., 1860 They have suggested separate subgenus Xenopsila for these flies together with Palaearctic Pseudopsila. They have also reduced the generic name Pseudopsila in synonyms to Psila. In my opinion this last decision is hasty. It would be better to leave this name for P. fallax group (including P. angustata Cresson, 1919 and P. perpolita Johnson, 1920). P. fallax represents good Nearctic monophyletic group which differs from Psila s.str. and Chamaepsila in having a white arista and 4 scutellars. It is necessary to check up relationships of this group with Burmese Pseudopsila and with Chyliza gracilis Lw., 1854 from Turkey. These last also are characterized by a white arista and Chyliza gracilis, besides has four scutellars. Subgenus Xenopsila contains for sure four Palaearctic species. We have removed from subgenus two Burmese species (maculipennis, Frey, 1955 and nigricollis Frey, 1955; both are described as Pseudopsila) and a number of the Chinese species (for example Chamaepsila maculatata Wang & Yang, 1996, Chamaepsila unicrinita Wang & Yang, 1996). They differ from Psila s.str. and Chamaepsila by a white arista and from Xenopsila in possessing more slender body and a pair of scutellars. Burmese and Chinese species, probably, form separate group inside Psila s.l.; Chyliza gracilis shows the greater relationship with Loxocera than with Psila in my opinion. Very much can be, that the Chinese Oxypsila unistripeda Wang & Yang, 1996 also belongs to Xenopsila. This species is known only on single female and is distinguished by presence 3 vt, 2 (pairs of) scutellars, 1 npl, black middle mesonotal stripe; dorsocentrals lack. It is impossible to exclude, that in this species we have independent subgenus, united some more Chinese species, in particular Oxypsila altusfronsa Wang & Yang, 1996, Oxypsila nigricorpa Wang & Yang, 1996. Members of Xenopsila are more thickset with curved (not straight) dorsal outline [see Figs 45 in Buck, Marshall,

1. Body entirely yellow. Antennae yellow, 3rd segment black apically. 3.04.0. Far East, Amur district (on the north up to the mountain ridge Tukuringra). Japan, S.Korea .................. P. (Xenopsila) tetrachaeta Shatalkin, 1983 Abdomen black, thorax yellow with black pleural spots and mesonotal stripes ......................................................... 2 2. Mesonotum yellow, with pair of narrow black stripes reaching level of posterior margin of black hummeri. 3.0 3.6. China, S.Korea ................................................... ....... P. (Xenopsila) nigrohumera Wang & Yang, 1996 Mesonotum yellow, with pair of wide black stripes reaching anterior margin and flowing together between yellow humeral calli ................................................................ 3 3. 3rd antennal segment yellow, dark on upper margin. Mesopleuron entirely black. 3.804.4. Far East China, S.Korea ....... P. (Xenopsila) nemoralis Shatalkin, 1986 3rd antennal segment yellow, blackish in apical half. Mesopleuron yellow with narrow black stripes in upper half. 3.503.9. Far East, Amur district Japan, China .................. P. (Xenopsila) arbustorum Shatalkin, 1986 (Chamaepsila maculadorsa Wang & Yang, 1996) Xenopsila arbustorum is similar to Xenopsila nemoralis and was described as subspecies of latter. On our data X. arbustorum settles the open territories covered with bushes whereas X. nemoralis is met in woods more often. X. arbustorum has more a wide distribution, especially on the west where this species has area extended on the West up-stream Amur-river almost up to Blagoveshchensk. It is in the consent with the Chinese data. Ch. maculadorsa is most likely synonymous with X. arbustorum and is described from Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. I wish to thank the following colleagues for much helpful advise and assistance of borrowing of material: Dr. Matthias Buck (University of Guelph, Canada); Dr. Bernhard Merz (Muséum dHistoire naturelle Genève), Dr. Prof. Ho-Yeon Han (Yonsei University, Wonju, Republic of Korea).

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